nightshade Who acts: plants, deadly nightshade, nightshade family, shiny black berries, you, Potatoes · What happens: include, have, be, not eat, find, belong · To what, where: poisonous ones, shiny black berries, foods, berries, wild, potion · Speech: someone speaks here
«nightshade» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nightshade in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A family of plants that includes some very poisonous ones, such as deadly nightshade, which has shiny black berries.
The tree, 19 words det case nmod nsubj acl:relcl det advmod amod obj punct case fixed amod nmod punct nsubj acl:relcl amod amod obj punct root A DET family NOUN of ADP plants NOUN that PRON includes VERB some DET very ADV poisonous ADJ ones NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP deadly ADJ nightshade NOUN , PUNCT which PRON has VERB shiny ADJ black ADJ berries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 family det 2 family family NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 of of ADP _ 4 plants case 4 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 family nmod 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 includes nsubj 6 includes include VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 plants acl:relcl 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 10 ones det 8 very very ADV _ 9 poisonous advmod 9 poisonous poisonous ADJ Degree=Pos 10 ones amod 10 ones one NOUN Number=Plur 6 includes obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 nightshade punct 12 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 15 nightshade case 13 as as ADP _ 12 such fixed 14 deadly deadly ADJ Degree=Pos 15 nightshade amod 15 nightshade nightshade NOUN Number=Sing 10 ones nmod 16 , , PUNCT _ 18 has punct 17 which which PRON PronType=Rel 18 has nsubj 18 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 nightshade acl:relcl 19 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 21 berries amod 20 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 21 berries amod 21 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 18 has obj 22 . . PUNCT _ 2 family punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 include present plants some poisonous ones such deadly nightshade vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme 2 have present deadly nightshade shiny black berries vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The nightshade family also includes foods like potatoes, tomatoes, peppers and aubergines.
The tree, 12 words det compound nsubj advmod obj case nmod punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root The DET nightshade NOUN family NOUN also ADV includes VERB foods NOUN like ADP potatoes NOUN , PUNCT tomatoes NOUN , PUNCT peppers NOUN and CCONJ aubergines NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 family det 2 nightshade nightshade NOUN Number=Sing 3 family compound 3 family family NOUN Number=Sing 5 includes nsubj 4 also also ADV _ 5 includes advmod 5 includes include VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 foods food NOUN Number=Plur 5 includes obj 7 like like ADP _ 8 potatoes case 8 potatoes potato NOUN Number=Plur 6 foods nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 tomatoes punct 10 tomatoes tomato NOUN Number=Plur 8 potatoes conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 peppers punct 12 peppers pepper NOUN Number=Plur 8 potatoes conj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 aubergines cc 14 aubergines aubergine NOUN Number=Plur 8 potatoes conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 5 includes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 include present the nightshade family foods like potatoes and tomatoes and peppers and aubergines vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme
Example 1 Deadly nightshade has shiny black berries that are very poisonous.
amod nsubj amod amod obj nsubj cop advmod acl:relcl punct root Deadly ADJ nightshade NOUN has VERB shiny ADJ black ADJ berries NOUN that PRON are AUX very ADV poisonous ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Deadly deadly ADJ Degree=Pos 2 nightshade amod 2 nightshade nightshade NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 shiny shiny ADJ Degree=Pos 6 berries amod 5 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 6 berries amod 6 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 poisonous nsubj 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 poisonous cop 9 very very ADV _ 10 poisonous advmod 10 poisonous poisonous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 berries acl:relcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Deadly nightshade shiny black berries vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient 2 is present shiny black berries poisonous property tree rules
Example 2 Never eat berries you find in the wild.
advmod obj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root Never ADV eat VERB berries NOUN you PRON find VERB in ADP the DET wild NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 eat advmod 2 eat eat VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 2 eat obj 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 find nsubj 5 find find VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 berries acl:relcl 6 in in ADP _ 8 wild case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 wild det 8 wild wild NOUN Number=Sing 5 find obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 eat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not eat imperative you not said here berries vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient 2 find present you berries not said here the wild vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Topic
Example 3 Potatoes and tomatoes belong to the nightshade family.
nsubj cc conj case det compound obl punct root Potatoes NOUN and CCONJ tomatoes NOUN belong VERB to ADP the DET nightshade NOUN family NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Potatoes potato NOUN Number=Plur 4 belong nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 tomatoes cc 3 tomatoes tomato NOUN Number=Plur 1 Potatoes conj 4 belong belong VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to ADP _ 8 family case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 family det 7 nightshade nightshade NOUN Number=Sing 8 family compound 8 family family NOUN Number=Sing 4 belong obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 belong punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 belong present Potatoes and tomatoes to the nightshade family vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme
Example 4 In the story, the witch brewed a potion with nightshade.
case det obl punct det nsubj det obj case nmod punct root In ADP the DET story NOUN , PUNCT the DET witch NOUN brewed VERB a DET potion NOUN with ADP nightshade NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 story case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 story det 3 story story NOUN Number=Sing 7 brewed obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 story punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 witch det 6 witch witch NOUN Number=Sing 7 brewed nsubj 7 brewed brew VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 potion det 9 potion potion NOUN Number=Sing 7 brewed obj 10 with with ADP _ 11 nightshade case 11 nightshade nightshade NOUN Number=Sing 9 potion nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 brewed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 brew past the witch a potion the story with nightshade vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent potion=Product with nightshade=Material
Example 5 Woody nightshade has purple flowers and red berries.
amod nsubj amod obj cc amod conj punct root Woody ADJ nightshade NOUN has VERB purple ADJ flowers NOUN and CCONJ red ADJ berries NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Woody woody ADJ Degree=Pos 2 nightshade amod 2 nightshade nightshade NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 purple purple ADJ Degree=Pos 5 flowers amod 5 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 berries cc 7 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 8 berries amod 8 berries berry NOUN Number=Plur 5 flowers conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Woody nightshade purple flowers and red berries vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent flower=Patient
Example 6 If someone eats a wild berry, tell an adult and get help at once.
The tree, 14 words mark nsubj advcl det amod obj punct det obj cc conj obj case obl punct root If SCONJ someone PRON eats VERB a DET wild ADJ berry NOUN , PUNCT tell VERB an DET adult NOUN and CCONJ get VERB help NOUN at ADP once ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 eats mark 2 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 eats nsubj 3 eats eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 tell advcl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 berry det 5 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 6 berry amod 6 berry berry NOUN Number=Sing 3 eats obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 3 eats punct 8 tell tell VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 9 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 adult det 10 adult adult NOUN Number=Sing 8 tell obj 11 and and CCONJ _ 12 get cc 12 get get VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 8 tell conj 13 help help NOUN Number=Sing 12 get obj 14 at at ADP _ 15 once case 15 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 12 get obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 8 tell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat a condition, not said to happen present someone a wild berry vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient 2 tell speech: assert imperative you not said here a adult vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent adult=Recipient 3 get infinitive you not said here help vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent help=Theme at once=Asset
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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