nodding Who acts: Nodding, Nodding flowers, She, Grandpa, pupils, teacher · What happens: move, say, agree, greet, nod off, mean · To what, where: head, someone, heads, chair, music · Speech: someone speaks here
«nodding» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: nodding in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Nodding is moving your head up and down, usually to say yes, to agree or to greet someone.
The tree, 18 words nsubj aux nmod:poss obj advmod cc conj punct advmod mark parataxis obj punct mark parataxis cc mark conj obj punct root Nodding NOUN is AUX moving VERB your PRON head NOUN up ADV and CCONJ down ADV , PUNCT usually ADV to PART say VERB yes INTJ , PUNCT to PART agree VERB or CCONJ to PART greet VERB someone PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nodding nodding NOUN Number=Sing 3 moving nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 moving aux 3 moving move VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 head nmod:poss 5 head head NOUN Number=Sing 3 moving obj 6 up up ADV _ 3 moving advmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 down cc 8 down down ADV _ 6 up conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 say punct 10 usually usually ADV _ 12 say advmod 11 to to PART _ 12 say mark 12 say say VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 moving parataxis 13 yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 12 say obj 14 , , PUNCT _ 16 agree punct 15 to to PART _ 16 agree mark 16 agree agree VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 12 say parataxis 17 or or CCONJ _ 19 greet cc 18 to to PART _ 19 greet mark 19 greet greet VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 16 agree conj 20 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 19 greet obj 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 moving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 move present · progressive Nodding your head vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme 2 say speech: assert to-infinitive usually property vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent yes=Topic 3 agree speech: agree to-infinitive vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 greet speech: greet to-infinitive someone vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent someone=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Nodding off means falling asleep, often by accident.
csubj compound:prt xcomp xcomp punct advmod case obl punct root Nodding VERB off ADP means VERB falling VERB asleep ADJ , PUNCT often ADV by ADP accident NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nodding nod VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 means csubj 2 off off ADP _ 1 Nodding compound:prt 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 falling fall VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 means xcomp 5 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 4 falling xcomp 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 accident punct 7 often often ADV _ 9 accident advmod 8 by by ADP _ 9 accident case 9 accident accident NOUN Number=Sing 4 falling obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nod off gerund vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 mean present Nodding vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 fall not said to happen gerund Nodding not said here by accident; asleep property vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by accident=Location
Meaning 3 Nodding flowers hang their heads down.
compound nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod punct root Nodding NOUN flowers NOUN hang VERB their PRON heads NOUN down ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nodding nodding NOUN Number=Sing 2 flowers compound 2 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 3 hang nsubj 3 hang hang VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 heads nmod:poss 5 heads head NOUN Number=Plur 3 hang obj 6 down down ADV _ 3 hang advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 hang punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hang down present Nodding flowers flowers's heads down property vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient
Example 1 She was nodding to show she agreed.
nsubj aux mark advcl nsubj ccomp punct root She PRON was AUX nodding VERB to PART show VERB she PRON agreed VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 nodding nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 nodding aux 3 nodding nod VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 5 show mark 5 show show VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 nodding advcl 6 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 agreed nsubj 7 agreed agree VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 show ccomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 nodding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nod past · progressive She vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 show to-infinitive She not said here vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 agree speech: agree past she vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Grandpa was nodding off in his chair.
nsubj aux compound:prt case nmod:poss obl punct root Grandpa PROPN was AUX nodding VERB off ADP in ADP his PRON chair NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 3 nodding nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 nodding aux 3 nodding nod VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 off off ADP _ 3 nodding compound:prt 5 in in ADP _ 7 chair case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 chair nmod:poss 7 chair chair NOUN Number=Sing 3 nodding obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 nodding punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nod off past · progressive Grandpa Grandpa's chair vn change_bodily_state-40.8.4 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 3 The pupils sat nodding as the teacher explained.
det nsubj advcl mark det nsubj advcl punct root The DET pupils NOUN sat VERB nodding VERB as SCONJ the DET teacher NOUN explained VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pupils det 2 pupils pupil NOUN Number=Plur 3 sat nsubj 3 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 nodding nod VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 sat advcl 5 as as SCONJ _ 8 explained mark 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 teacher det 7 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 8 explained nsubj 8 explained explain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 nodding advcl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 sat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sit past the pupils vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 nod gerund the pupils not said here vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 explain speech: assert past the teacher vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 He kept nodding along to the music.
nsubj xcomp advmod case det obl punct root He PRON kept VERB nodding VERB along ADV to ADP the DET music NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 kept nsubj 2 kept keep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nodding nod VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 kept xcomp 4 along along ADV _ 3 nodding advmod 5 to to ADP _ 7 music case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 music det 7 music music NOUN Number=Sing 3 nodding obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 kept punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 keep past He tree rules 2 nod gerund He not said here the music along property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to music=Recipient
Example 5 Daffodils have nodding heads.
nsubj xcomp obj punct root Daffodils NOUN have VERB nodding VERB heads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Daffodils daffodil NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 nodding nod VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 have xcomp 4 heads head NOUN Number=Plur 3 nodding obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Daffodils tree rules 2 nod gerund Daffodils not said here heads vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient
Example 6 I asked if she was ready and she nodded.
nsubj mark nsubj cop ccomp cc nsubj conj punct root I PRON asked VERB if SCONJ she PRON was AUX ready ADJ and CCONJ she PRON nodded VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 asked nsubj 2 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 if if SCONJ _ 6 ready mark 4 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 ready nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 ready cop 6 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 2 asked ccomp 7 and and CCONJ _ 9 nodded cc 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 nodded nsubj 9 nodded nod VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 asked conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ask speech: ask past I vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a condition, not said to happen past she ready property tree rules 3 nod past she vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 "Yes," she said, nodding her head.
punct discourse punct punct nsubj punct advcl nmod:poss obj punct root " PUNCT Yes INTJ , PUNCT " PUNCT she PRON said VERB , PUNCT nodding VERB her PRON head NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 6 said punct 2 Yes yes INTJ Polarity=Pos 6 said discourse 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 Yes punct 4 " " PUNCT _ 6 said punct 5 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 said nsubj 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 nodding punct 8 nodding nod VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 6 said advcl 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 head nmod:poss 10 head head NOUN Number=Sing 8 nodding obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past she vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 nod gerund she not said here her head vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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