notwithstanding

Who acts: something, match, trip, success, he, his · What happens: be, notwithstand, spite, go, finish, injure · To what, where: spite, rain, success, few problems, injury, race

«notwithstanding» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: notwithstanding in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

In spite of; even though something is true (notwithstanding the rain = in spite of the rain).

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 spite	case
2	spite	spite	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	of	of	SCONJ	_	9 true	mark
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	9 true	punct
5	even	even	ADV	_	9 true	advmod
6	though	though	SCONJ	_	9 true	mark
7	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	9 true	nsubj
8	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 true	cop
9	true	true	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 spite	acl
10	(	(	PUNCT	_	11 notwithstanding	punct
11	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 true	advcl
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 rain	det
13	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 notwithstanding	obj
14	=	=	PUNCT	_	16 spite	punct
15	in	in	ADP	_	16 spite	case
16	spite	spite	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 notwithstanding	obl
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 rain	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 rain	det
19	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 spite	nmod
20	)	)	PUNCT	_	11 notwithstanding	punct
21	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spite	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	something	spite not said here		true property	tree rules
2	notwithstand	gerund	something not said here	the rain	spite of the rain		tree rules
3	spite			the rain			nom spite «feeling transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: adverb, formal — kept apart, not parsed.

However; all the same.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	However	however	ADV	_	5 same	advmod
2	;	;	PUNCT	_	1 However	punct
3	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	5 same	det:predet
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 same	det
5	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 same	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

Notwithstanding the rain, the match went ahead (formal).

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 went	advcl
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 rain	det
3	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Notwithstanding	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Notwithstanding	punct
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 match	det
6	match	match	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 went	nsubj
7	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
8	ahead	ahead	ADV	_	7 went	advmod
9	(	(	PUNCT	_	10 formal	punct
10	formal	formal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 went	xcomp
11	)	)	PUNCT	_	10 formal	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	notwithstand	gerund	the match not said here	the rain					tree rules
2	go	past	the match					ahead, formal property	vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 2

The trip was a success, notwithstanding a few problems.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 trip	det
2	trip	trip	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 success	nsubj
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 success	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 success	det
5	success	success	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 notwithstanding	punct
7	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	5 success	acl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 problems	det
9	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 problems	amod
10	problems	problem	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 notwithstanding	obj
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 success	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the trip	a success					tree rules
2	notwithstand	gerund	a success not said here	a few problems					tree rules

Example 3

Notwithstanding his injury, he finished the race.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 finished	advcl
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 injury	nmod:poss
3	injury	injury	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Notwithstanding	obj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Notwithstanding	punct
5	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 finished	nsubj
6	finished	finish	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 race	det
8	race	race	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 finished	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 finished	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	notwithstand	gerund	he not said here	his injury	tree rules
2	finish	past	he	the race	vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Affector race=Eventuality
3	injure		his = he		nom injury «state transitive»: poss=agent

Example 4

The rule applies to everyone, notwithstanding age.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rule	det
2	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 applies	nsubj
3	applies	apply	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	to	to	ADP	_	5 everyone	case
5	everyone	everyone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Tot	3 applies	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 notwithstanding	punct
7	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 applies	advcl
8	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 notwithstanding	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 applies	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	apply	present	the rule					to everyone	vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
2	notwithstand	gerund	the rule not said here	age					tree rules

Example 5

It was expensive; it was, notwithstanding, worth it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	It	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 expensive	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	3 expensive	cop
3	expensive	expensive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	;	;	PUNCT	_	8 notwithstanding	punct
5	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 notwithstanding	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 notwithstanding	aux
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 notwithstanding	punct
8	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	3 expensive	parataxis
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 worth	punct
10	worth	worth	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 notwithstanding	conj
11	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 worth	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 expensive	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	It					expensive property	tree rules
2	notwithstand	past · progressive	it						tree rules

Example 6

Notwithstanding the fact that she was tired, she helped us.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	10 helped	advcl
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 fact	det
3	fact	fact	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Notwithstanding	obj
4	that	that	SCONJ	_	7 tired	mark
5	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 tired	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 tired	cop
7	tired	tired	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 fact	acl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	1 Notwithstanding	punct
9	she	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 helped	nsubj
10	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
11	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	10 helped	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 helped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	other	roles by
1	notwithstand	gerund	she not said here	the fact			tree rules
2	is	past	she	the fact not said here		tired property	tree rules
3	help	past	she		us		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Beneficiary

Example 7

In vain they drove them away with a myrtle branch, the flies stung them notwithstanding.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 vain	case
2	vain	vain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 stung	advcl
3	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 drove	nsubj
4	drove	drive	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 vain	acl:relcl
5	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	4 drove	obj
6	away	away	ADV	_	4 drove	advmod
7	with	with	ADP	_	10 branch	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 branch	det
9	myrtle	myrtle	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 branch	compound
10	branch	branch	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 away	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 stung	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 flies	det
13	flies	fly	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 stung	nsubj
14	stung	sting	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
15	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 stung	obj
16	notwithstanding	notwithstand	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 stung	advcl
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 stung	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	drive	past	they	them = they	away property	vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme they=Trajectory
2	sting	past	the flies	them = they		vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus they=Experiencer
3	notwithstand	gerund	the flies not said here			tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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