onion Who acts: vegetable, plant, bulb, Chopping onions, We, Mum · What happens: use, grow, be, make, look, fry · To what, where: round vegetable, cooking, plant, bulb, ground, eyes water
«onion» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: onion in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A round vegetable with layers, papery brown, red or white skin and a strong smell and taste, used in cooking.
The tree, 20 words det amod case nmod punct amod amod punct amod cc conj conj cc det amod conj cc conj punct acl case obl punct root A DET round ADJ vegetable NOUN with ADP layers NOUN , PUNCT papery ADJ brown ADJ , PUNCT red ADJ or CCONJ white ADJ skin NOUN and CCONJ a DET strong ADJ smell NOUN and CCONJ taste NOUN , PUNCT used VERB in ADP cooking NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 vegetable det 2 round round ADJ Degree=Pos 3 vegetable amod 3 vegetable vegetable NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 with with ADP _ 5 layers case 5 layers layer NOUN Number=Plur 3 vegetable nmod 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 brown punct 7 papery papery ADJ Degree=Pos 8 brown amod 8 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 5 layers amod 9 , , PUNCT _ 13 skin punct 10 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 13 skin amod 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 white cc 12 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 10 red conj 13 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 8 brown conj 14 and and CCONJ _ 17 smell cc 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 smell det 16 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 17 smell amod 17 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 5 layers conj 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 taste cc 19 taste taste NOUN Number=Sing 17 smell conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 used punct 21 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 vegetable acl 22 in in ADP _ 23 cooking case 23 cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 21 used obl 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 vegetable punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use participle a round vegetable with layers and a strong smell and taste not said here cooking vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The plant this vegetable grows from; the onion is a bulb that grows under the ground.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj det nsubj acl:relcl case punct det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root The DET plant NOUN this DET vegetable NOUN grows VERB from ADP ; PUNCT the DET onion NOUN is AUX a DET bulb NOUN that PRON grows VERB under ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plant det 2 plant plant NOUN Number=Sing 12 bulb nsubj 3 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 4 vegetable det 4 vegetable vegetable NOUN Number=Sing 5 grows nsubj 5 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 plant acl:relcl 6 from from ADP _ 5 grows case 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 bulb punct 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 onion det 9 onion onion NOUN Number=Sing 12 bulb nsubj 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 bulb cop 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 bulb det 12 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing root root 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 14 grows nsubj 14 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 bulb acl:relcl 15 under under ADP _ 17 ground case 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 ground det 17 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 14 grows obl 18 . . PUNCT _ 12 bulb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present this vegetable the plant not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plant=Theme 2 is a present the plant a bulb tree rules 3 grow present a bulb the ground vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under ground=Location
Example 1 Chopping onions makes my eyes water.
compound nsubj nmod:poss compound obj punct root Chopping NOUN onions NOUN makes VERB my PRON eyes NOUN water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Chopping chopping NOUN Number=Sing 2 onions compound 2 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur 3 makes nsubj 3 makes make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 eyes nmod:poss 5 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 6 water compound 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 3 makes obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 makes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present Chopping onions eyes water vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset water=Product
Example 2 We looked at onion skin cells under the microscope.
nsubj case compound compound obl case det nmod punct root We PRON looked VERB at ADP onion NOUN skin NOUN cells NOUN under ADP the DET microscope NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 looked nsubj 2 looked look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 at at ADP _ 6 cells case 4 onion onion NOUN Number=Sing 6 cells compound 5 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 6 cells compound 6 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 2 looked obl 7 under under ADP _ 9 microscope case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 microscope det 9 microscope microscope NOUN Number=Sing 6 cells nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 looked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look past We at onion skin cells under the microscope vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at cell=Theme
Example 3 Mum fried the onions until they were soft and golden.
nsubj det obj mark nsubj cop advcl cc conj punct root Mum NOUN fried VERB the DET onions NOUN until SCONJ they PRON were AUX soft ADJ and CCONJ golden ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 fried nsubj 2 fried fry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 onions det 4 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur 2 fried obj 5 until until SCONJ _ 8 soft mark 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 soft nsubj 7 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 soft cop 8 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 2 fried advcl 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 golden cc 10 golden golden ADJ Degree=Pos 8 soft conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 fried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fry past Mum the onions vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent onion=Patient 2 is past onions = onion soft property tree rules 3 be onions = onion not said here tree rules
Example 4 An onion is a bulb that grows underground.
det nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root An DET onion NOUN is AUX a DET bulb NOUN that PRON grows VERB underground ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 onion det 2 onion onion NOUN Number=Sing 5 bulb nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bulb cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 bulb det 5 bulb bulb NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 grows nsubj 7 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 bulb acl:relcl 8 underground underground ADV _ 7 grows advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 bulb punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a onion a bulb tree rules 2 grow present a bulb underground property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Never feed onions to your dog; they can make it ill.
advmod obj case nmod:poss obl punct nsubj aux conj obj xcomp punct root Never ADV feed VERB onions NOUN to ADP your PRON dog NOUN ; PUNCT they PRON can AUX make VERB it PRON ill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Never never ADV PronType=Neg 2 feed advmod 2 feed feed VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur 2 feed obj 4 to to ADP _ 6 dog case 5 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 dog nmod:poss 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 2 feed obl 7 ; ; PUNCT _ 10 make punct 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 make nsubj 9 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 make aux 10 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 feed conj 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 make obj 12 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 10 make xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 feed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not feed imperative you not said here onions your dog vn feeding-39.7 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent onion=Theme to dog=Recipient 2 make can onions = onion dog ill property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product
Example 6 Ogres are like onions — they have layers!
nsubj cop case punct nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Ogres NOUN are AUX like ADP onions NOUN — PUNCT they PRON have VERB layers NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ogres ogre NOUN Number=Plur 4 onions nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 onions cop 3 like like ADP _ 4 onions case 4 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 — - PUNCT _ 7 have punct 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 have nsubj 7 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 onions acl:relcl 8 layers layer NOUN Number=Plur 7 have obj 9 ! ! PUNCT _ 4 onions punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Ogres like onions tree rules 2 have present Ogres = ogre layers vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent layer=Patient
Example 7 I like onion rings with my burger.
nsubj compound obj case nmod:poss obl punct root I PRON like VERB onion NOUN rings NOUN with ADP my PRON burger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 like nsubj 2 like like VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 onion onion NOUN Number=Sing 4 rings compound 4 rings ring NOUN Number=Plur 2 like obj 5 with with ADP _ 7 burger case 6 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 burger nmod:poss 7 burger burger NOUN Number=Sing 2 like obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 like punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 like present I onion rings with my burger vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot ring=Theme
Example 8 Spring onions are thin and green at the top.
compound nsubj cop cc conj case det obl punct root Spring NOUN onions NOUN are AUX thin ADJ and CCONJ green ADJ at ADP the DET top NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 2 onions compound 2 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur 4 thin nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 thin cop 4 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 green cc 6 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 4 thin conj 7 at at ADP _ 9 top case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 top det 9 top top NOUN Number=Sing 4 thin obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 thin punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Spring onions the top thin property tree rules 2 be Spring onions not said here tree rules
Example 9 The first thing he saw was Mr. McGregor hoeing onions.
det amod nsubj nsubj acl:relcl cop nmod:desc acl obj punct root The DET first ADJ thing NOUN he PRON saw VERB was AUX Mr. PROPN McGregor PROPN hoeing VERB onions NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 thing det 2 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 thing amod 3 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 8 McGregor nsubj 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 saw nsubj 5 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 thing acl:relcl 6 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 McGregor cop 7 Mr. Mr. PROPN Number=Sing 8 McGregor nmod:desc 8 McGregor McGregor PROPN Number=Sing root root 9 hoeing hoe VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 McGregor acl 10 onions onion NOUN Number=Plur 9 hoeing obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 McGregor punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past he the first thing not said here vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus 2 is a past the first thing McGregor Mr. nmod:desc tree rules 3 hoe gerund McGregor not said here onions vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent onion=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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