opal Who acts: opal, precious stone, you, hardened silica, Nan, opal ring · What happens: be, show, flash, move, harden, contain · To what, where: precious stone, flashing rainbow colours, opal, light, material, water
«opal» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: opal in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 An opal is a precious stone that shows flashing rainbow colours when you move it in the light.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl amod compound obj advmod nsubj advcl obj case det obl punct root An DET opal NOUN is AUX a DET precious ADJ stone NOUN that PRON shows VERB flashing VERB rainbow NOUN colours NOUN when ADV you PRON move VERB it PRON in ADP the DET light NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 An a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 opal det 2 opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 6 stone nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stone cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 stone det 5 precious precious ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stone amod 6 stone stone NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 shows nsubj 8 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 stone acl:relcl 9 flashing flash VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 colours amod 10 rainbow rainbow NOUN Number=Sing 11 colours compound 11 colours colour NOUN Number=Plur 8 shows obj 12 when when ADV PronType=Int 14 move advmod 13 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 14 move nsubj 14 move move VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 shows advcl 15 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 move obj 16 in in ADP _ 18 light case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 light det 18 light light NOUN Number=Sing 14 move obl 19 . . PUNCT _ 6 stone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a opal a precious stone tree rules 2 show present a precious stone flashing rainbow colours vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent colour=Recipient 3 flash gerund vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 move present you opal the light vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Opal is the material itself, a kind of hardened silica that contains water.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop det nmod:unmarked punct det appos case amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj punct root Opal NOUN is AUX the DET material NOUN itself PRON , PUNCT a DET kind NOUN of ADP hardened VERB silica NOUN that PRON contains VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 4 material nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 material cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 material det 4 material material NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes 4 material nmod:unmarked 6 , , PUNCT _ 8 kind punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 kind det 8 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 4 material appos 9 of of ADP _ 11 silica case 10 hardened harden VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 silica amod 11 silica silica NOUN Number=Sing 8 kind nmod 12 that that PRON PronType=Rel 13 contains nsubj 13 contains contain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 silica acl:relcl 14 water water NOUN Number=Sing 13 contains obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 4 material punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Opal the material Opal nmod:unmarked tree rules 2 harden participle vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 contain present hardened silica water vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot water=Theme
Meaning 3 Opal is also a milky, pale colour.
nsubj cop advmod det amod punct amod punct root Opal NOUN is AUX also ADV a DET milky ADJ , PUNCT pale ADJ colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 8 colour nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 colour cop 3 also also ADV _ 8 colour advmod 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 colour det 5 milky milky ADJ Degree=Pos 8 colour amod 6 , , PUNCT _ 5 milky punct 7 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 8 colour amod 8 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 colour punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Opal a milky pale colour tree rules
Example 1 Nan has an opal ring that sparkles blue and green.
nsubj det amod obj nsubj acl:relcl xcomp cc conj punct root Nan PROPN has VERB an DET opal ADJ ring NOUN that PRON sparkles VERB blue ADJ and CCONJ green ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nan Nan PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 ring det 4 opal opal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 ring amod 5 ring ring NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 sparkles nsubj 7 sparkles sparkle VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 ring acl:relcl 8 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 7 sparkles xcomp 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 green cc 10 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 8 blue conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Nan a opal ring vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ring=Patient 2 sparkle present a opal ring blue property vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Most of the world's opals come from Australia.
nsubj case det nmod:poss case nmod case obl punct root Most ADJ of ADP the DET world NOUN 's PART opals NOUN come VERB from ADP Australia PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Most most ADJ Degree=Sup 7 come nsubj 2 of of ADP _ 6 opals case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 world det 4 world world NOUN Number=Sing 6 opals nmod:poss 5 's 's PART _ 4 world case 6 opals opal NOUN Number=Plur 1 Most nmod 7 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 from from ADP _ 9 Australia case 9 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 7 come obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 come punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come present Most of the world's opals Australia vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from australia=Initial_Location
Example 3 In Coober Pedy, miners dig for opal and some families live in underground houses.
The tree, 14 words case obl flat punct nsubj case obl cc det nsubj conj case amod obl punct root In ADP Coober PROPN Pedy PROPN , PUNCT miners NOUN dig VERB for ADP opal NOUN and CCONJ some DET families NOUN live VERB in ADP underground ADJ houses NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 Coober case 2 Coober Coober PROPN Number=Sing 6 dig obl 3 Pedy Pedy PROPN Number=Sing 2 Coober flat 4 , , PUNCT _ 2 Coober punct 5 miners miner NOUN Number=Plur 6 dig nsubj 6 dig dig VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 for for ADP _ 8 opal case 8 opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 6 dig obl 9 and and CCONJ _ 12 live cc 10 some some DET PronType=Ind 11 families det 11 families family NOUN Number=Plur 12 live nsubj 12 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 dig conj 13 in in ADP _ 15 houses case 14 underground underground ADJ Degree=Pos 15 houses amod 15 houses house NOUN Number=Plur 12 live obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 dig punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dig present miners Coober for opal vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent in coober=Location for opal=Theme 2 live present some families underground houses vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location
Example 4 The black opal is Australia's national gemstone.
det amod nsubj cop nmod:poss case amod punct root The DET black ADJ opal NOUN is AUX Australia PROPN 's PART national ADJ gemstone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 opal det 2 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 3 opal amod 3 opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 8 gemstone nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 gemstone cop 5 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 8 gemstone nmod:poss 6 's 's PART _ 5 Australia case 7 national national ADJ Degree=Pos 8 gemstone amod 8 gemstone gemstone NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 gemstone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the black opal Australia's national gemstone tree rules
Example 5 When I tilted the opal, colours flashed like a tiny rainbow.
advmod nsubj det obj punct conj acl case det amod obl punct root When ADV I PRON tilted VERB the DET opal NOUN , PUNCT colours NOUN flashed VERB like ADP a DET tiny ADJ rainbow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 When when ADV PronType=Int 3 tilted advmod 2 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 tilted nsubj 3 tilted tilt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 opal det 5 opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 3 tilted obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 colours punct 7 colours colour NOUN Number=Plur 5 opal conj 8 flashed flash VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 colours acl 9 like like ADP _ 12 rainbow case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 rainbow det 11 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 12 rainbow amod 12 rainbow rainbow NOUN Number=Sing 8 flashed obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 tilted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 tilt past I the opal and colours vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location opal=Theme 2 flash participle colours not said here like a tiny rainbow vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Opals contain water, so they can crack if they dry out.
nsubj obj punct advmod nsubj aux conj mark nsubj advcl compound:prt punct root Opals NOUN contain VERB water NOUN , PUNCT so ADV they PRON can AUX crack VERB if SCONJ they PRON dry VERB out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Opals opal NOUN Number=Plur 2 contain nsubj 2 contain contain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 water water NOUN Number=Sing 2 contain obj 4 , , PUNCT _ 8 crack punct 5 so so ADV _ 8 crack advmod 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 crack nsubj 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 crack aux 8 crack crack VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 contain conj 9 if if SCONJ _ 11 dry mark 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 dry nsubj 11 dry dry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 crack advcl 12 out out ADP _ 11 dry compound:prt 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 contain punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 contain present Opals water vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot water=Theme 2 crack can Opals = opal vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 dry out a condition, not said to happen present Opals = opal vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 The bathroom glass had a milky opal colour.
det compound nsubj det amod compound obj punct root The DET bathroom NOUN glass NOUN had VERB a DET milky ADJ opal NOUN colour NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 glass det 2 bathroom bathroom NOUN Number=Sing 3 glass compound 3 glass glass NOUN Number=Sing 4 had nsubj 4 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 colour det 6 milky milky ADJ Degree=Pos 8 colour amod 7 opal opal NOUN Number=Sing 8 colour compound 8 colour colour NOUN Number=Sing 4 had obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the bathroom glass a milky opal colour vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent colour=Patient
Example 8 It is more precious than emeralds, and dearer than fine opals.
nsubj cop advmod case obl punct cc conj case amod obl punct root It PRON is AUX more ADV precious ADJ than ADP emeralds NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ dearer ADJ than ADP fine ADJ opals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 precious nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 precious cop 3 more more ADV Degree=Cmp 4 precious advmod 4 precious precious ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 than than ADP _ 6 emeralds case 6 emeralds emerald NOUN Number=Plur 4 precious obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 dearer punct 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 dearer cc 9 dearer dear ADJ Degree=Cmp 4 precious conj 10 than than ADP _ 12 opals case 11 fine fine ADJ Degree=Pos 12 opals amod 12 opals opal NOUN Number=Plur 9 dearer obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 precious punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It than emeralds; precious property tree rules 2 be than fine opals tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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