paling Who acts: pointed wooden stake, Paling, cat, Australia Dad, face, sky · What happens: be, make, become, climb, fix, pale · To what, where: part, fence, ing form, palings, paling fence, Mole
«paling» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: paling in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A pointed wooden stake that is part of a fence.
det amod amod nsubj nsubj cop case det nmod punct root A DET pointed ADJ wooden ADJ stake NOUN that PRON is AUX part NOUN of ADP a DET fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 stake det 2 pointed pointed ADJ Degree=Pos 4 stake amod 3 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 4 stake amod 4 stake stake NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nsubj 5 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 part nsubj 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 part cop 7 part part NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 10 fence case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 fence det 10 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 7 part nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 7 part punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pointed wooden stake part of a fence tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A fence made of such stakes (palings).
det acl case amod obl punct appos punct punct root A DET fence NOUN made VERB of ADP such ADJ stakes NOUN ( PUNCT palings NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 fence det 2 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 fence acl 4 of of ADP _ 6 stakes case 5 such such ADJ Degree=Pos 6 stakes amod 6 stakes stake NOUN Number=Plur 3 made obl 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 palings punct 8 palings paling NOUN Number=Plur 6 stakes appos 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 8 palings punct 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 fence punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make participle a fence not said here of such stakes vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Meaning 3 «Paling» is also the -ing form of «to pale», to become pale or less bright.
The tree, 15 words punct nsubj punct cop advmod det punct compound case punct mark nmod punct punct mark parataxis xcomp cc amod conj punct root « PUNCT Paling NOUN » PUNCT is AUX also ADV the DET - PUNCT ing NOUN form NOUN of ADP « PUNCT to PART pale ADJ » PUNCT , PUNCT to PART become VERB pale ADJ or CCONJ less ADJ bright ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Paling punct 2 Paling paling NOUN Number=Sing 9 form nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Paling punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 form cop 5 also also ADV _ 9 form advmod 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 form det 7 - - PUNCT _ 6 the punct 8 ing ing NOUN Number=Sing 9 form compound 9 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 10 of of ADP _ 13 pale case 11 « « PUNCT _ 13 pale punct 12 to to PART _ 13 pale mark 13 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 9 form nmod 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 pale punct 15 , , PUNCT _ 17 become punct 16 to to PART _ 17 become mark 17 become become VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 form parataxis 18 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 17 become xcomp 19 or or CCONJ _ 21 bright cc 20 less less ADJ Degree=Cmp 21 bright amod 21 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 18 pale conj 22 . . PUNCT _ 9 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Paling the ing form of pale tree rules 2 become to-infinitive pale property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 1 The cat climbed over the palings.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET cat NOUN climbed VERB over ADP the DET palings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 3 climbed nsubj 3 climbed climb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 over over ADP _ 6 palings case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 palings det 6 palings paling NOUN Number=Plur 3 climbed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 climbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 climb past the cat the palings vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over paling=Trajectory
Example 2 (Australia) Dad fixed the paling fence.
punct compound punct nsubj det compound obj punct root ( PUNCT Australia PROPN ) PUNCT Dad NOUN fixed VERB the DET paling NOUN fence NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 Australia punct 2 Australia Australia PROPN Number=Sing 4 Dad compound 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 Australia punct 4 Dad dad NOUN Number=Sing 5 fixed nsubj 5 fixed fix VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 fence det 7 paling paling NOUN Number=Sing 8 fence compound 8 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 5 fixed obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 fixed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fix past Australia Dad the paling fence vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent fence=Patient
Example 3 Her face was paling with fear.
nmod:poss nsubj aux case obl punct root Her PRON face NOUN was AUX paling VERB with ADP fear NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 face nmod:poss 2 face face NOUN Number=Sing 4 paling nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 paling aux 4 paling pale VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 fear case 6 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 4 paling obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 paling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pale past · progressive Her face with fear vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with fear=Instrument
Example 4 The sky was paling as dawn came.
det nsubj aux mark nsubj advcl punct root The DET sky NOUN was AUX paling VERB as SCONJ dawn NOUN came VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sky det 2 sky sky NOUN Number=Sing 4 paling nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 paling aux 4 paling pale VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 as as SCONJ _ 7 came mark 6 dawn dawn NOUN Number=Sing 7 came nsubj 7 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 paling advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 paling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pale past · progressive the sky vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 come past dawn vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 The Mole squeezed through a gap in the palings.
det acl case det obl case det nmod punct root The DET Mole NOUN squeezed VERB through ADP a DET gap NOUN in ADP the DET palings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Mole det 2 Mole mole NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 squeezed squeeze VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 Mole acl 4 through through ADP _ 6 gap case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 gap det 6 gap gap NOUN Number=Sing 3 squeezed obl 7 in in ADP _ 9 palings case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 palings det 9 palings paling NOUN Number=Plur 6 gap nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 Mole punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 squeeze participle the Mole not said here a gap in the palings vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent through gap=Trajectory
Example 6 A paling had fallen in the storm.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root A DET paling NOUN had AUX fallen VERB in ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 paling det 2 paling paling NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen nsubj 3 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fallen aux 4 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 storm case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 storm det 7 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 4 fallen obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 fallen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fall past · perfect a paling the storm vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in storm=Location
Example 7 Fresh and fragrant roses hung over the little palings.
amod cc conj nsubj case det amod obl punct root Fresh ADJ and CCONJ fragrant ADJ roses NOUN hung VERB over ADP the DET little ADJ palings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fresh fresh ADJ Degree=Pos 4 roses amod 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 fragrant cc 3 fragrant fragrant ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Fresh conj 4 roses rose NOUN Number=Plur 5 hung nsubj 5 hung hang VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 over over ADP _ 9 palings case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 palings det 8 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 9 palings amod 9 palings paling NOUN Number=Plur 5 hung obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 hung punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 hang past Fresh roses the little palings vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over paling=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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