parasitism Who acts: way, Fleas, We, tricks, cuckoo, Mistletoe · What happens: live, take, harm, be, learn, trick · To what, where: host, food, way, example, kind, trees
«parasitism» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: parasitism in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A way of living in which one living thing (the parasite) lives on or inside another (the host) and takes food from it, harming it.
The tree, 25 words det nsubj mark acl case det compound amod ccomp punct det appos punct case cc case det punct det obl punct cc conj obj case obl punct advcl obj punct root A DET way NOUN of SCONJ living VERB in ADP which DET one NOUN living VERB thing NOUN ( PUNCT the DET parasite NOUN ) PUNCT lives VERB on ADP or CCONJ inside ADP another DET ( PUNCT the DET host NOUN ) PUNCT and CCONJ takes VERB food NOUN from ADP it PRON , PUNCT harming VERB it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 way det 2 way way NOUN Number=Sing 14 lives nsubj 3 of of SCONJ _ 4 living mark 4 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 way acl 5 in in ADP _ 7 one case 6 which which DET PronType=Int 7 one det 7 one one NOUN Number=Sing 9 thing compound 8 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 thing amod 9 thing thing NOUN Number=Sing 4 living ccomp 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 parasite punct 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 parasite det 12 parasite parasite NOUN Number=Sing 9 thing appos 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 parasite punct 14 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 15 on on ADP _ 21 host case 16 or or CCONJ _ 21 host cc 17 inside inside ADP _ 21 host case 18 another another DET PronType=Ind 21 host det 19 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 host punct 20 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 21 host det 21 host host NOUN Number=Sing 14 lives obl 22 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 host punct 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 takes cc 24 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 lives conj 25 food food NOUN Number=Sing 24 takes obj 26 from from ADP _ 27 it case 27 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 takes obl 28 , , PUNCT _ 29 harming punct 29 harming harm VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 24 takes advcl 30 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 29 harming obj 31 . . PUNCT _ 14 lives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund a way not said here vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 live gerund vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 3 live present a way another host vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on host=Location 4 take present a way not said here food way vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent food=Theme from it=Initial_Location 5 harm gerund a way not said here way vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Fleas on a dog are an example of parasitism.
nsubj case det nmod cop det case nmod punct root Fleas NOUN on ADP a DET dog NOUN are AUX an DET example NOUN of ADP parasitism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fleas flea NOUN Number=Plur 7 example nsubj 2 on on ADP _ 4 dog case 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 dog det 4 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 1 Fleas nmod 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 example cop 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 example det 7 example example NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 parasitism case 9 parasitism parasitism NOUN Number=Sing 7 example nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 example punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Fleas on a dog a example of parasitism tree rules
Example 2 We learned about parasitism in science.
nsubj case obl case nmod punct root We PRON learned VERB about ADP parasitism NOUN in ADP science NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 learned nsubj 2 learned learn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 about about ADP _ 4 parasitism case 4 parasitism parasitism NOUN Number=Sing 2 learned obl 5 in in ADP _ 6 science case 6 science science NOUN Number=Sing 4 parasitism nmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 learned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn past We about parasitism in science vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about parasitism=Topic
Example 3 The cuckoo's tricks are a kind of parasitism.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop det case nmod punct root The DET cuckoo NOUN 's PART tricks NOUN are AUX a DET kind NOUN of ADP parasitism NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cuckoo det 2 cuckoo cuckoo NOUN Number=Sing 4 tricks nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 cuckoo case 4 tricks trick NOUN Number=Plur 7 kind nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 kind cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 kind det 7 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 of of ADP _ 9 parasitism case 9 parasitism parasitism NOUN Number=Sing 7 kind nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 kind punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the cuckoo's tricks a kind of parasitism tree rules 2 trick the cuckoo nom trick «act transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 Mistletoe lives by parasitism on trees.
nsubj case obl case obl punct root Mistletoe PROPN lives VERB by ADP parasitism NOUN on ADP trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mistletoe Mistletoe PROPN Number=Sing 2 lives nsubj 2 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 by by ADP _ 4 parasitism case 4 parasitism parasitism NOUN Number=Sing 2 lives obl 5 on on ADP _ 6 trees case 6 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 lives obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 lives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Mistletoe trees by parasitism vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by parasitism=Location
Example 5 Parasitism harms the host.
nsubj det obj punct root Parasitism NOUN harms VERB the DET host NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Parasitism parasitism NOUN Number=Sing 2 harms nsubj 2 harms harm VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 host det 4 host host NOUN Number=Sing 2 harms obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 harms punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 harm present Parasitism the host vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus host=Experiencer
Example 6 Ticks live by parasitism and can spread disease.
nsubj case obl cc aux conj obj punct root Ticks NOUN live VERB by ADP parasitism NOUN and CCONJ can AUX spread VERB disease NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ticks tick NOUN Number=Plur 2 live nsubj 2 live live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 by by ADP _ 4 parasitism case 4 parasitism parasitism NOUN Number=Sing 2 live obl 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 spread cc 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 spread aux 7 spread spread VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 live conj 8 disease disease NOUN Number=Sing 7 spread obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 live punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present Ticks by parasitism vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by parasitism=Location 2 spread can Ticks not said here disease vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location disease=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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