pass Who acts: We, Time, it, pass, ticket, Sam · What happens: pass, be, go, go by, let in, throw · To what, where: something, school, test, kick, you, ball
«pass» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pass in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To pass something is to give it to the next person.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj case det amod obl punct root To PART pass VERB something PRON is AUX to PART give VERB it PRON to ADP the DET next ADJ person NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pass mark 2 pass pass VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 give advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 pass obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 give cop 5 to to PART _ 6 give mark 6 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 give obj 8 to to ADP _ 11 person case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 person det 10 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 11 person amod 11 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 give obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass to-infinitive something vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme something=Trajectory 2 is present to the next person; give property tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To pass is to go by or go past something: «We passed the school».
The tree, 14 words mark csubj cop mark obl cc conj case obl punct punct nsubj acl det obj punct punct root To PART pass VERB is AUX to PART go VERB by ADP or CCONJ go VERB past ADP something PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT We PRON passed VERB the DET school NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pass mark 2 pass pass VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 go csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 go cop 4 to to PART _ 5 go mark 5 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 by by ADP _ 5 go obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 go cc 8 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 go conj 9 past past ADP _ 10 something case 10 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 go obl 11 : : PUNCT _ 14 passed punct 12 « « PUNCT _ 14 passed punct 13 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 14 passed nsubj 14 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 something acl 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 school det 16 school school NOUN Number=Sing 14 passed obj 17 » » PUNCT _ 14 passed punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 5 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass to-infinitive vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is present go property tree rules 3 go infinitive something vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme past something=Initial_Location 4 pass in a quote past We the school vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme school=Trajectory
Meaning 3 To pass a test is to do well enough in it.
mark advcl det obj cop mark advmod advmod case obl punct root To PART pass VERB a DET test NOUN is AUX to PART do VERB well ADV enough ADV in ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pass mark 2 pass pass VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 do advcl 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 test det 4 test test NOUN Number=Sing 2 pass obj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 do cop 6 to to PART _ 7 do mark 7 do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 8 well well ADV Degree=Pos 7 do advmod 9 enough enough ADV _ 7 do advmod 10 in in ADP _ 11 it case 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 do obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 7 do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass to-infinitive a test vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Trajectory 2 is present test do, enough, well property tree rules
Meaning 4 Time passes when it goes by.
nsubj mark nsubj advcl advmod punct root Time NOUN passes VERB when SCONJ it PRON goes VERB by ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 passes nsubj 2 passes pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 when when SCONJ _ 5 goes mark 4 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 goes nsubj 5 goes go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 passes advcl 6 by by ADP _ 5 goes advmod 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 passes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass present Time vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 go by present it vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 5 A pass is a kick or throw of the ball to a teammate, or a ticket that lets you in.
The tree, 20 words det nsubj cop det cc conj case det nmod case det nmod punct cc det appos nsubj acl:relcl obj compound:prt punct root A DET pass NOUN is AUX a DET kick NOUN or CCONJ throw NOUN of ADP the DET ball NOUN to ADP a DET teammate NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ a DET ticket NOUN that PRON lets VERB you PRON in ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pass det 2 pass pass NOUN Number=Sing 5 kick nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 kick cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 kick det 5 kick kick NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 throw cc 7 throw throw NOUN Number=Sing 5 kick conj 8 of of ADP _ 10 ball case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 ball det 10 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 7 throw nmod 11 to to ADP _ 13 teammate case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 teammate det 13 teammate teammate NOUN Number=Sing 10 ball nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 ticket punct 15 or or CCONJ _ 17 ticket cc 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 ticket det 17 ticket ticket NOUN Number=Sing 5 kick appos 18 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 lets nsubj 19 lets let VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 ticket acl:relcl 20 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 19 lets obj 21 in in ADP _ 19 lets compound:prt 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 kick punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pass a kick or throw of the ball to a teammate tree rules 2 let in present a ticket you vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme 3 throw the ball to a teammate nom throw «act transitive»: of=patient
Meaning 6 A pass can also be a narrow gap or route through mountains.
det nsubj aux advmod cop det amod cc conj case nmod punct root A DET pass NOUN can AUX also ADV be AUX a DET narrow ADJ gap NOUN or CCONJ route NOUN through ADP mountains NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pass det 2 pass pass NOUN Number=Sing 8 gap nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 gap aux 4 also also ADV _ 8 gap advmod 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 gap cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 gap det 7 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 8 gap amod 8 gap gap NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 route cc 10 route route NOUN Number=Sing 8 gap conj 11 through through ADP _ 12 mountains case 12 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 10 route nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 gap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a can a pass a narrow gap or route through mountains tree rules
Example 1 Sam passes 3 cards to Ben.
nsubj nummod obj case obl punct root Sam PROPN passes VERB 3 NUM cards NOUN to ADP Ben PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 passes nsubj 2 passes pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 cards nummod 4 cards card NOUN Number=Plur 2 passes obj 5 to to ADP _ 6 Ben case 6 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 2 passes obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 passes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass present Sam 3 cards Ben vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent card=Theme to ben=Recipient
Example 2 Lily passed 2 apples to each of her 4 friends.
nsubj nummod obj case obl case nmod:poss nummod nmod punct root Lily PROPN passed VERB 2 NUM apples NOUN to ADP each DET of ADP her PRON 4 NUM friends NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lily Lily PROPN Number=Sing 2 passed nsubj 2 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 apples nummod 4 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 2 passed obj 5 to to ADP _ 6 each case 6 each each DET PronType=Tot 2 passed obl 7 of of ADP _ 10 friends case 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 friends nmod:poss 9 4 4 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 friends nummod 10 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 6 each nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass past Lily 2 apples each vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent apple=Theme to each=Recipient
Example 3 Max passes the ball 6 times.
nsubj det obj nummod obl:unmarked punct root Max PROPN passes VERB the DET ball NOUN 6 NUM times NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Max Max PROPN Number=Sing 2 passes nsubj 2 passes pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 ball det 4 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 2 passes obj 5 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 times nummod 6 times time NOUN Number=Plur 2 passes obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 passes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass present Max the ball time vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ball=Trajectory
Example 4 Please pass the salt.
discourse det obj punct root Please INTJ pass VERB the DET salt NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Please please INTJ _ 2 pass discourse 2 pass pass VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 salt det 4 salt salt NOUN Number=Sing 2 pass obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 pass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass imperative you not said here the salt vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme salt=Trajectory
Example 5 We pass the library on the way to school.
nsubj det obj case det obl case nmod punct root We PRON pass VERB the DET library NOUN on ADP the DET way NOUN to ADP school NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 pass nsubj 2 pass pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 library det 4 library library NOUN Number=Sing 2 pass obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 way case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 way det 7 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 pass obl 8 to to ADP _ 9 school case 9 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 way nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 pass punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass present We the library the way to school vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent library=Theme on way=Destination
Example 6 Zoe passed her piano exam.
nsubj nmod:poss compound obj punct root Zoe PROPN passed VERB her PRON piano NOUN exam NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Zoe Zoe PROPN Number=Sing 2 passed nsubj 2 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 exam nmod:poss 4 piano piano NOUN Number=Sing 5 exam compound 5 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing 2 passed obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass past Zoe Zoe's piano exam vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme exam=Trajectory
Example 7 Two hours passed before the rain stopped.
nummod nsubj:pass mark det nsubj advcl punct root Two NUM hours NOUN passed VERB before SCONJ the DET rain NOUN stopped VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 hours nummod 2 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 3 passed nsubj:pass 3 passed pass VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 before before SCONJ _ 7 stopped mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 rain det 6 rain rain NOUN Number=Sing 7 stopped nsubj 7 stopped stop VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 passed advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass participle · passive Two hours vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory 2 stop past the rain vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 8 You need a bus pass to ride for free.
nsubj det compound obj mark acl case obl punct root You PRON need VERB a DET bus NOUN pass NOUN to PART ride VERB for ADP free ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 You you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 2 need nsubj 2 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 pass det 4 bus bus NOUN Number=Sing 5 pass compound 5 pass pass NOUN Number=Sing 2 need obj 6 to to PART _ 7 ride mark 7 ride ride VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 pass acl 8 for for ADP _ 9 free case 9 free free ADJ Degree=Pos 7 ride obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present You a bus pass vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot pass=Theme 2 ride to-infinitive You not said here a bus pass not said here for free vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Example 9 Bravely they stood in the narrow pass.
advmod nsubj case det amod obl punct root Bravely ADV they PRON stood VERB in ADP the DET narrow ADJ pass NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Bravely bravely ADV _ 3 stood advmod 2 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 stood nsubj 3 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 7 pass case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 pass det 6 narrow narrow ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pass amod 7 pass pass NOUN Number=Sing 3 stood obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past they the narrow pass bravely property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in pass=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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