passer Who acts: person, player, passer, She, quarterback, kind passer · What happens: pass by, walk, pass, call, stop, watch · To what, where: place, ball, test, ambulance, Passers, street performer · Speech: someone speaks here
«passer» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: passer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A person who passes by, usually in "passer-by" (plural passers-by): someone walking past a place.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj acl:relcl compound:prt punct advmod case punct conj punct nmod punct punct amod appos punct nmod punct punct conj acl case det obl punct root A DET person NOUN who PRON passes VERB by ADP , PUNCT usually ADV in ADP " PUNCT passer NOUN - PUNCT by ADP " PUNCT ( PUNCT plural ADJ passers NOUN - PUNCT by ADP ) PUNCT : PUNCT someone PRON walking VERB past ADP a DET place NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 passes nsubj 4 passes pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 person acl:relcl 5 by by ADP _ 4 passes compound:prt 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 passer punct 7 usually usually ADV _ 10 passer advmod 8 in in ADP _ 10 passer case 9 " " PUNCT _ 10 passer punct 10 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing 2 person conj 11 - - PUNCT _ 12 by punct 12 by by ADP _ 10 passer nmod 13 " " PUNCT _ 12 by punct 14 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 passers punct 15 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 16 passers amod 16 passers passer NOUN Number=Plur 10 passer appos 17 - - PUNCT _ 18 by punct 18 by by ADP _ 16 passers nmod 19 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 passers punct 20 : : PUNCT _ 21 someone punct 21 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 person conj 22 walking walk VERB VerbForm=Ger 21 someone acl 23 past past ADP _ 25 place case 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 place det 25 place place NOUN Number=Sing 22 walking obl 26 . . PUNCT _ 2 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass by present a person and passer vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 walk gerund a place vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme past place=Trajectory
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.
A player who passes the ball, especially a good one.
det nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct advmod det amod conj punct root A DET player NOUN who PRON passes VERB the DET ball NOUN , PUNCT especially ADV a DET good ADJ one NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 player det 2 player player NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 who who PRON PronType=Rel 4 passes nsubj 4 passes pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 player acl:relcl 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 ball det 6 ball ball NOUN Number=Sing 4 passes obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 one punct 8 especially especially ADV _ 11 one advmod 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 one det 10 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 11 one amod 11 one one NOUN Number=Sing 6 ball conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 player punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass present a player the ball and a good one vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ball=Trajectory
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a great passer".
punct det amod punct punct root " PUNCT a DET great ADJ passer NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 4 passer punct 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 passer det 3 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 4 passer amod 4 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 " " PUNCT _ 4 passer punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 passer punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Someone who passes a test or exam (rare).
nsubj acl:relcl det obj cc conj punct amod punct punct root Someone PRON who PRON passes VERB a DET test NOUN or CCONJ exam NOUN ( PUNCT rare ADJ ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 2 who who PRON PronType=Rel 3 passes nsubj 3 passes pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Someone acl:relcl 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 test det 5 test test NOUN Number=Sing 3 passes obj 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 exam cc 7 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing 5 test conj 8 ( ( PUNCT _ 9 rare punct 9 rare rare ADJ Degree=Pos 7 exam amod 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 9 rare punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 1 Someone punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass present a test or exam vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme test=Trajectory
Example 1 A passer-by called an ambulance.
det punct mark acl det xcomp punct root A DET passer NOUN - PUNCT by SCONJ called VERB an DET ambulance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 passer det 2 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 - - PUNCT _ 5 called punct 4 by by SCONJ _ 5 called mark 5 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 passer acl 6 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 ambulance det 7 ambulance ambulance NOUN Number=Sing 5 called xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 passer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call participle a passer not said here a ambulance vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 Passers-by stopped to watch the street performer.
nsubj:pass punct mark mark xcomp det compound obj punct root Passers NOUN - PUNCT by SCONJ stopped VERB to PART watch VERB the DET street NOUN performer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Passers passer NOUN Number=Plur 4 stopped nsubj:pass 2 - - PUNCT _ 4 stopped punct 3 by by SCONJ _ 4 stopped mark 4 stopped stop VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 to to PART _ 6 watch mark 6 watch watch VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 stopped xcomp 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 performer det 8 street street NOUN Number=Sing 9 performer compound 9 performer performer NOUN Number=Sing 6 watch obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 stopped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop participle · passive Passers tree rules 2 watch to-infinitive the street performer vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent performer=Theme
Example 3 She is the best passer in our netball team.
nsubj cop det amod case nmod:poss compound nmod punct root She PRON is AUX the DET best ADJ passer NOUN in ADP our PRON netball NOUN team NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 passer nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 passer cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 passer det 4 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 5 passer amod 5 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 9 team case 7 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 team nmod:poss 8 netball netball NOUN Number=Sing 9 team compound 9 team team NOUN Number=Sing 5 passer nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 passer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present She the best passer our netball team tree rules
Example 4 The quarterback is a brilliant passer.
det nsubj cop det amod punct root The DET quarterback NOUN is AUX a DET brilliant ADJ passer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 quarterback det 2 quarterback quarterback NOUN Number=Sing 6 passer nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 passer cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 passer det 5 brilliant brilliant ADJ Degree=Pos 6 passer amod 6 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 passer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the quarterback a brilliant passer tree rules
Example 5 A kind passer-by found my lost glove.
det amod punct mark acl nmod:poss amod obj punct root A DET kind ADJ passer NOUN - PUNCT by SCONJ found VERB my PRON lost VERB glove NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 passer det 2 kind kind ADJ Degree=Pos 3 passer amod 3 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 - - PUNCT _ 6 found punct 5 by by SCONJ _ 6 found mark 6 found find VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 passer acl 7 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 glove nmod:poss 8 lost lose VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 glove amod 9 glove glove NOUN Number=Sing 6 found obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 passer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find participle a kind passer not said here my lost glove vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent glove=Topic 2 lose participle vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 No passers-by noticed the tiny kitten.
det nsubj punct mark det amod obj punct root No DET passers NOUN - PUNCT by SCONJ noticed VERB the DET tiny ADJ kitten NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 No no DET PronType=Neg 2 passers det 2 passers passer NOUN Number=Plur 5 noticed nsubj 3 - - PUNCT _ 2 passers punct 4 by by SCONJ _ 5 noticed mark 5 noticed notice VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 kitten det 7 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 8 kitten amod 8 kitten kitten NOUN Number=Sing 5 noticed obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 noticed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 notice participle no passers the tiny kitten vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer kitten=Stimulus
Example 7 ‘What in the world are you doing?’ asked a passer-by.
The tree, 11 words punct obj case det obl aux nsubj ccomp punct punct det obj punct fixed punct root ‘ PUNCT What PRON in ADP the DET world NOUN are AUX you PRON doing VERB ? PUNCT ’ PUNCT asked VERB a DET passer NOUN - PUNCT by ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ‘ ' PUNCT _ 8 doing punct 2 What what PRON PronType=Int 8 doing obj 3 in in ADP _ 5 world case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 world det 5 world world NOUN Number=Sing 2 What obl 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 doing aux 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 8 doing nsubj 8 doing do VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 asked ccomp 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 8 doing punct 10 ’ ' PUNCT _ 8 doing punct 11 asked ask VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 passer det 13 passer passer NOUN Number=Sing 11 asked obj 14 - - PUNCT _ 15 by punct 15 by by ADP _ 13 passer fixed 16 . . PUNCT _ 11 asked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present · progressive you vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality 2 ask speech: ask past a passer vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent passer=Recipient clause=Topic
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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