pave Who acts: council, many slabs, first pilots, We, Workers, track · What happens: cover, pave, mean, make, happen, need · To what, where: road, way, street, yard, many slabs, 5 m · Speech: someone speaks here
«pave» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pave in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To cover a road, path or yard with a hard flat surface, such as stones, bricks, concrete or tarmac.
The tree, 19 words mark det obj punct conj cc conj case det amod amod obl punct case fixed nmod punct conj punct conj cc conj punct root To PART cover VERB a DET road NOUN , PUNCT path NOUN or CCONJ yard NOUN with ADP a DET hard ADJ flat ADJ surface NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP stones NOUN , PUNCT bricks NOUN , PUNCT concrete NOUN or CCONJ tarmac NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 cover mark 2 cover cover VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 road det 4 road road NOUN Number=Sing 2 cover obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 path punct 6 path path NOUN Number=Sing 4 road conj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 yard cc 8 yard yard NOUN Number=Sing 4 road conj 9 with with ADP _ 13 surface case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 surface det 11 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 13 surface amod 12 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 13 surface amod 13 surface surface NOUN Number=Sing 2 cover obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 17 stones punct 15 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 17 stones case 16 as as ADP _ 15 such fixed 17 stones stone NOUN Number=Plur 13 surface nmod 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 bricks punct 19 bricks brick NOUN Number=Plur 13 surface conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 21 concrete punct 21 concrete concrete NOUN Number=Sing 13 surface conj 22 or or CCONJ _ 23 tarmac cc 23 tarmac tarmac NOUN Number=Sing 21 concrete conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 cover punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover to-infinitive a road and path or yard with a hard flat surface such stones and bricks and concrete or tarmac vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent road=Destination with surface=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 «Pave the way» means to make it easier for something to happen later.
The tree, 13 words punct csubj det obj punct mark xcomp obj xcomp case obl mark acl advmod punct root « PUNCT Pave VERB the DET way NOUN » PUNCT means VERB to PART make VERB it PRON easier ADJ for ADP something PRON to PART happen VERB later ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Pave punct 2 Pave pave VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means csubj 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 way det 4 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 Pave obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 2 Pave punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 to to PART _ 8 make mark 8 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means xcomp 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 make obj 10 easier easy ADJ Degree=Cmp 8 make xcomp 11 for for ADP _ 12 something case 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 easier obl 13 to to PART _ 14 happen mark 14 happen happen VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 something acl 15 later late ADV Degree=Cmp 14 happen advmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pave in a quote infinitive the way vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Destination 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 make not said to happen to-infinitive way easy property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product 4 happen to-infinitive late property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 The council will pave our street next month.
det nsubj aux nmod:poss obj amod obl:unmarked punct root The DET council NOUN will AUX pave VERB our PRON street NOUN next ADJ month NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 council det 2 council council NOUN Number=Sing 4 pave nsubj 3 will will AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 pave aux 4 pave pave VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 street nmod:poss 6 street street NOUN Number=Sing 4 pave obj 7 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 8 month amod 8 month month NOUN Number=Sing 4 pave obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 pave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pave future the council our street month vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme street=Destination
Example 2 The yard is paved with red bricks.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case amod obl punct root The DET yard NOUN is AUX paved VERB with ADP red ADJ bricks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 yard det 2 yard yard NOUN Number=Sing 4 paved nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 paved aux:pass 4 paved pave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 bricks case 6 red red ADJ Degree=Pos 7 bricks amod 7 bricks brick NOUN Number=Plur 4 paved obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 paved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pave present · passive the yard with red bricks vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with brick=Theme
Example 3 How many slabs are needed to pave a 5 m by 3 m patio?
The tree, 14 words advmod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass mark xcomp det nummod obj case nummod compound obl punct root How ADV many ADJ slabs NOUN are AUX needed VERB to PART pave VERB a DET 5 NUM m NOUN by ADP 3 NUM m NOUN patio NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 slabs amod 3 slabs slab NOUN Number=Plur 5 needed nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 needed aux:pass 5 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 to to PART _ 7 pave mark 7 pave pave VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 needed xcomp 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 m det 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 m nummod 10 m M NOUN Number=Sing 7 pave obj 11 by by ADP _ 14 patio case 12 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 13 m nummod 13 m M NOUN Number=Sing 14 patio compound 14 patio patio NOUN Number=Sing 7 pave obl 15 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 needed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present · passive many slabs tree rules 2 pave not said to happen to-infinitive many slabs not said here a 5 m by m patio vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme m=Destination
Example 4 The first pilots paved the way for space travel.
det amod nsubj det obj case compound nmod punct root The DET first ADJ pilots NOUN paved VERB the DET way NOUN for ADP space NOUN travel NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pilots det 2 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 3 pilots amod 3 pilots pilot NOUN Number=Plur 4 paved nsubj 4 paved pave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 way det 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 4 paved obj 7 for for ADP _ 9 travel case 8 space space NOUN Number=Sing 9 travel compound 9 travel travel NOUN Number=Sing 6 way nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 paved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pave past the first pilots the way for space travel vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Destination
Example 5 We rode our bikes on the newly paved path.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case det advmod amod obl punct root We PRON rode VERB our PRON bikes NOUN on ADP the DET newly ADV paved VERB path NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 rode nsubj 2 rode ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 bikes nmod:poss 4 bikes bike NOUN Number=Plur 2 rode obj 5 on on ADP _ 9 path case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 path det 7 newly newly ADV _ 8 paved advmod 8 paved pave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 path amod 9 path path NOUN Number=Sing 2 rode obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 rode punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 ride past We our bikes the paved path vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bike=Theme 2 pave participle newly property vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme
Example 6 Workers were paving the car park all week.
nsubj aux det compound obj det obl:unmarked punct root Workers NOUN were AUX paving VERB the DET car NOUN park NOUN all DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 3 paving nsubj 2 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 paving aux 3 paving pave VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 park det 5 car car NOUN Number=Sing 6 park compound 6 park park NOUN Number=Sing 3 paving obj 7 all all DET PronType=Tot 8 week det 8 week week NOUN Number=Sing 3 paving obl:unmarked 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 paving punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pave past · progressive Workers the car park week vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme park=Destination
Example 7 The old track was not paved, so it was muddy.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod punct advmod nsubj cop conj punct root The DET old ADJ track NOUN was AUX not PART paved VERB , PUNCT so ADV it PRON was AUX muddy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 track det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 track amod 3 track track NOUN Number=Sing 6 paved nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 paved aux:pass 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 paved advmod 6 paved pave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 muddy punct 8 so so ADV _ 11 muddy advmod 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 muddy nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 muddy cop 11 muddy muddy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 paved conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 paved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not pave past · passive the old track vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination 2 is past track muddy property tree rules
Example 8 Her hard work paved the way for her success.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det obj case nmod:poss nmod punct root Her PRON hard ADJ work NOUN paved VERB the DET way NOUN for ADP her PRON success NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 work nmod:poss 2 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 3 work amod 3 work work NOUN Number=Sing 4 paved nsubj 4 paved pave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 way det 6 way way NOUN Number=Sing 4 paved obj 7 for for ADP _ 9 success case 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 success nmod:poss 9 success success NOUN Number=Sing 6 way nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 paved punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pave past Her hard work the way for work's success vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme way=Destination 2 work Her = she nom work «act intransitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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