peck

Who acts: you, woodpecker, Mum, Peter, baby bird, He · What happens: hit, pick up, use, peck, eat, mean · To what, where: something, quarter, little, many new things, hen, holes

«peck» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: peck in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: of a bird — kept apart, not parsed.

To hit or pick up something with the beak.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 hit	mark
2	hit	hit	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 pick	cc
4	pick	pick	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 hit	conj
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 pick	compound:prt
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 pick	obj
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 beak	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 beak	det
9	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 something	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hit	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hit	to-infinitive							vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	pick up	infinitive		something				with the beak	vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Noun: a quick hit with a beak.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	5 hit	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 hit	det
4	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 hit	amod
5	hit	hit	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Noun	appos
6	with	with	ADP	_	8 beak	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 beak	det
8	beak	beak	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 hit	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Noun	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Noun: a quick light kiss: a peck on the cheek.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Noun	noun	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kiss	nsubj
2	:	:	PUNCT	_	6 kiss	punct
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 kiss	det
4	quick	quick	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 kiss	amod
5	light	light	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kiss	compound
6	kiss	kiss	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 peck	punct
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 peck	det
9	peck	peck	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 kiss	conj
10	on	on	ADP	_	12 cheek	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	12 cheek	det
12	cheek	cheek	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 peck	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 kiss	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 4

Usage: old measure — kept apart, not parsed.

A unit of dry volume, a quarter of a bushel, used for grain and fruit.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 unit	det
2	unit	unit	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 quarter	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	5 volume	case
4	dry	dry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 volume	amod
5	volume	volume	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 unit	nmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 quarter	punct
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 quarter	det
8	quarter	quarter	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
9	of	of	ADP	_	11 bushel	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 bushel	det
11	bushel	bushel	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 quarter	nmod
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 used	punct
13	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 quarter	acl
14	for	for	ADP	_	15 grain	case
15	grain	grain	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 used	obl
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	17 fruit	cc
17	fruit	fruit	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 grain	conj
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	8 quarter	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle		a quarter of a bushel not said here				for grain and fruit	vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 5

«Peck at your food»: to eat only a little, without hunger.

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	2 Peck	punct
2	Peck	peck	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	5 food	case
4	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 food	nmod:poss
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 Peck	obl
6	»	»	PUNCT	_	2 Peck	punct
7	:	:	PUNCT	_	9 eat	punct
8	to	to	PART	_	9 eat	mark
9	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 Peck	conj
10	only	only	ADV	_	12 little	advmod
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 little	det
12	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 eat	obj
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 hunger	punct
14	without	without	ADP	_	15 hunger	case
15	hunger	hunger	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 eat	obl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 Peck	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck in a quote	imperative	you not said here					at your food	vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at food=Patient
2	eat	to-infinitive	you not said here	a little				without hunger	vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent little=Patient

Meaning 6

To peck at things can also mean to try many new things briefly, without settling on any one of them.

The tree, 20 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 peck	mark
2	peck	peck	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 mean	advcl
3	at	at	ADP	_	4 things	case
4	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 peck	obl
5	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 mean	aux
6	also	also	ADV	_	7 mean	advmod
7	mean	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
8	to	to	PART	_	9 try	mark
9	try	try	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 mean	xcomp
10	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 things	amod
11	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 things	amod
12	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 try	obj
13	briefly	briefly	ADV	_	9 try	advmod
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 settling	punct
15	without	without	SCONJ	_	16 settling	mark
16	settling	settle	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 try	advcl
17	on	on	ADP	_	19 one	case
18	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	19 one	det
19	one	one	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 settling	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 them	case
21	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 one	nmod
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 mean	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	peck	to-infinitive		at things	vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at thing=Patient
2	mean	can			vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	try not said to happen	to-infinitive	many new things	briefly property	vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality
4	settle	gerund		on any one of things	vn correspond-36.1 «NP V PP.theme S»: agent=Agent on one=Topic

Example 1

The hen pecked at the corn.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 hen	det
2	hen	hen	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	pecked	peck	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 hen	acl
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 corn	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 corn	det
6	corn	corn	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pecked	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hen	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	participle		the hen not said here				at the corn	vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at corn=Patient

Example 2

A woodpecker pecks holes in tree bark.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 woodpecker	det
2	woodpecker	woodpecker	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pecks	nsubj
3	pecks	peck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 pecks	obj
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 bark	case
6	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 bark	compound
7	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pecks	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 pecks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	present	a woodpecker	holes		tree bark			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hole=Patient in bark=Location

Example 3

Mum gave me a peck on the cheek.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	nsubj
2	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	me	I	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 gave	iobj
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 peck	det
5	peck	peck	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obj
6	on	on	ADP	_	8 cheek	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 cheek	det
8	cheek	cheek	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 gave	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	Mum	a peck	me	the cheek			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent i=Recipient peck=Theme on cheek=Asset

Example 4

Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Peter	Peter	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 picked	nsubj
2	Piper	Piper	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Peter	flat
3	picked	pick	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 peck	det
5	peck	peck	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 picked	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 peppers	case
7	pickled	pickle	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 peppers	amod
8	peppers	pepper	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 peck	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 picked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pick	past	Peter	a peck of pickled peppers					vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent peck=Patient
2	pickle	participle							vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 5

The baby bird pecked its way out of the egg.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 bird	det
2	baby	baby	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 bird	compound
3	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	pecked	peck	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 bird	acl
5	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 way	nmod:poss
6	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pecked	obj
7	out	out	ADP	_	10 egg	case
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 egg	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 egg	det
10	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 pecked	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 bird	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	participle	the baby bird not said here	bird's way		the egg			vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent way=Patient out egg=Location

Example 6

He only pecked at his dinner because he wasn't hungry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	He	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 pecked	nsubj
2	only	only	ADV	_	3 pecked	advmod
3	pecked	peck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	at	at	ADP	_	6 dinner	case
5	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 dinner	nmod:poss
6	dinner	dinner	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pecked	obl
7	because	because	SCONJ	_	11 hungry	mark
8	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 hungry	nsubj
9	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 hungry	cop
10	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	11 hungry	advmod
11	hungry	hungry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pecked	advcl
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 pecked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	past	He					at his dinner	vn chew-39.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent at dinner=Patient
2	not is	past	he					hungry property	tree rules

Example 7

The oldest chicken is top of the pecking order.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 chicken	det
2	oldest	old	ADJ	Degree=Sup	3 chicken	amod
3	chicken	chicken	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 top	nsubj
4	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 top	cop
5	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	of	of	ADP	_	9 order	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 order	det
8	pecking	pecking	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 order	compound
9	order	order	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 top	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 top	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the oldest chicken	top				of the pecking order	tree rules

Example 8

Always pecking at new things are the Bandar-log.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	2 pecking	advmod
2	pecking	peck	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	root	root
3	at	at	ADP	_	10 log	case
4	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 things	amod
5	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 log	nsubj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 log	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 log	det
8	Bandar	Bandar	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 log	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 Bandar	punct
10	log	log	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 pecking	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 pecking	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	peck	gerund						always property	vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	new things			the Bandar log			tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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