perfume Who acts: people, Mum, perfume, smell, you, Grandma · What happens: put, give, get, fill, perfume, spread · To what, where: nice strong smell, skin, something, bottle, garden, roses
«perfume» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: perfume in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A liquid with a nice strong smell that people put on their skin.
det case det amod amod nmod obj nsubj acl:relcl case nmod:poss obl punct root A DET liquid NOUN with ADP a DET nice ADJ strong ADJ smell NOUN that PRON people NOUN put VERB on ADP their PRON skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 liquid det 2 liquid liquid NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 with with ADP _ 7 smell case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 smell det 5 nice nice ADJ Degree=Pos 7 smell amod 6 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 7 smell amod 7 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 2 liquid nmod 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 put obj 9 people people NOUN Number=Plur 10 put nsubj 10 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 smell acl:relcl 11 on on ADP _ 13 skin case 12 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 skin nmod:poss 13 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 10 put obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 liquid punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past people a nice strong smell people's skin vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme on skin=Destination
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A pleasant smell, like that of flowers.
det amod punct case nmod case nmod punct root A DET pleasant ADJ smell NOUN , PUNCT like ADP that PRON of ADP flowers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 smell det 2 pleasant pleasant ADJ Degree=Pos 3 smell amod 3 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 that punct 5 like like ADP _ 6 that case 6 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 3 smell nmod 7 of of ADP _ 8 flowers case 8 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 6 that nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 smell punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3 Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.
To give something a nice smell.
mark obj det amod obj punct root To PART give VERB something PRON a DET nice ADJ smell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 give mark 2 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 give obj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 smell det 5 nice nice ADJ Degree=Pos 6 smell amod 6 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 2 give obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give to-infinitive something vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent something=Recipient smell=Theme
Example 1 Mum got a bottle of perfume for her birthday.
nsubj det obj case nmod case nmod:poss obl punct root Mum NOUN got VERB a DET bottle NOUN of ADP perfume NOUN for ADP her PRON birthday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mum mum NOUN Number=Sing 2 got nsubj 2 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 bottle det 4 bottle bottle NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 perfume case 6 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 4 bottle nmod 7 for for ADP _ 9 birthday case 8 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 birthday nmod:poss 9 birthday birthday NOUN Number=Sing 2 got obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past Mum a bottle of perfume for Mum's birthday vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent bottle=Theme for birthday=Source
Example 2 The perfume of the roses filled the garden.
det nsubj case det nmod det obj punct root The DET perfume NOUN of ADP the DET roses NOUN filled VERB the DET garden NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 perfume det 2 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 6 filled nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 roses case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 roses det 5 roses rose NOUN Number=Plur 2 perfume nmod 6 filled fill VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 garden det 8 garden garden NOUN Number=Sing 6 filled obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 filled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fill past the perfume of the roses the garden vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent garden=Patient 2 perfume the roses nom perfume «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Example 3 The smell of the perfume spread across the room.
det nsubj case det nmod case det obl punct root The DET smell NOUN of ADP the DET perfume NOUN spread VERB across ADP the DET room NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 smell det 2 smell smell NOUN Number=Sing 6 spread nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 perfume case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 perfume det 5 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 2 smell nmod 6 spread spread VERB Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 across across ADP _ 9 room case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 room det 9 room room NOUN Number=Sing 6 spread obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 spread punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 spread past the smell of the perfume the room vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme across room=Destination 2 smell the perfume nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Example 4 Don't spray perfume near your eyes.
aux advmod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Do AUX n't PART spray VERB perfume NOUN near ADP your PRON eyes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 spray aux 2 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 3 spray advmod 3 spray spray VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 3 spray obj 5 near near ADP _ 7 eyes case 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 eyes nmod:poss 7 eyes eye NOUN Number=Plur 3 spray obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 spray punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not spray imperative · do-support you not said here perfume your eyes vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent perfume=Theme near eye=Destination
Example 5 Grandma's perfume smells of lavender.
nmod:poss case nsubj case obl punct root Grandma NOUN 's PART perfume NOUN smells VERB of ADP lavender NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Grandma grandma NOUN Number=Sing 3 perfume nmod:poss 2 's 's PART _ 1 Grandma case 3 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 4 smells nsubj 4 smells smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 lavender case 6 lavender lavender NOUN Number=Sing 4 smells obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 smells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell present Grandma's perfume of lavender vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of lavender=Theme 2 perfume Grandma nom perfume «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 6 Perfume is made from flowers, spices and other things.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct conj cc amod conj punct root Perfume NOUN is AUX made VERB from ADP flowers NOUN , PUNCT spices NOUN and CCONJ other ADJ things NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made aux:pass 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 from from ADP _ 5 flowers case 5 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 3 made obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 spices punct 7 spices spice NOUN Number=Plur 5 flowers conj 8 and and CCONJ _ 10 things cc 9 other other ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 5 flowers conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Perfume flowers and spices and other things vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from flower=Material
Example 7 The air was perfumed with honeysuckle.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root The DET air NOUN was AUX perfumed VERB with ADP honeysuckle NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 air det 2 air air NOUN Number=Sing 4 perfumed nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 perfumed aux:pass 4 perfumed perfume VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 6 honeysuckle case 6 honeysuckle honeysuckle NOUN Number=Sing 4 perfumed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 perfumed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 perfume past · passive the air with honeysuckle vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with honeysuckle=Theme
Example 8 Too much perfume can give people a headache.
advmod amod nsubj aux iobj det obj punct root Too ADV much ADJ perfume NOUN can AUX give VERB people NOUN a DET headache NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Too too ADV _ 2 much advmod 2 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 3 perfume amod 3 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 5 give nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 give aux 5 give give VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 5 give iobj 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 headache det 8 headache headache NOUN Number=Sing 5 give obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give can much perfume a headache people vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent people=Recipient headache=Theme
Example 9 Do you not smell the sweet perfume from flower and bush?
aux nsubj advmod det amod obj case obl cc conj punct root Do AUX you PRON not PART smell VERB the DET sweet ADJ perfume NOUN from ADP flower NOUN and CCONJ bush NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 smell aux 2 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 4 smell nsubj 3 not not PART Polarity=Neg 4 smell advmod 4 smell smell VERB Mood=Ind Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 perfume det 6 sweet sweet ADJ Degree=Pos 7 perfume amod 7 perfume perfume NOUN Number=Sing 4 smell obj 8 from from ADP _ 9 flower case 9 flower flower NOUN Number=Sing 4 smell obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 bush cc 11 bush bush NOUN Number=Sing 9 flower conj 12 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 smell punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not smell present · do-support you the sweet perfume flower and bush vn see-30.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer perfume=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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