photography Who acts: Photography, job, film, aunt, We, mountains · What happens: be, take, mean, do, have, wait · To what, where: art, photographs, photos, beautiful photography, wildlife photography, Flash photography
«photography» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: photography in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Photography is the art, hobby or job of taking photographs with a camera or phone.
The tree, 15 words nsubj cop det punct conj cc conj mark acl obj case det obl cc conj punct root Photography NOUN is AUX the DET art NOUN , PUNCT hobby NOUN or CCONJ job NOUN of SCONJ taking VERB photographs NOUN with ADP a DET camera NOUN or CCONJ phone NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 4 art nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 art cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 art det 4 art art NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 hobby punct 6 hobby hobby NOUN Number=Sing 4 art conj 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 job cc 8 job job NOUN Number=Sing 4 art conj 9 of of SCONJ _ 10 taking mark 10 taking take VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 job acl 11 photographs photograph NOUN Number=Plur 10 taking obj 12 with with ADP _ 14 camera case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 camera det 14 camera camera NOUN Number=Sing 10 taking obl 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 phone cc 16 phone phone NOUN Number=Sing 14 camera conj 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 art punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Photography the art and hobby or job tree rules 2 take gerund job not said here photographs with a camera or phone vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photograph=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Photography also means the photos in a book, film or magazine, and how they are done, as in «the film has beautiful photography».
The tree, 23 words nsubj advmod det obj case det nmod punct conj cc conj punct cc advmod nsubj aux:pass parataxis punct mark fixed punct det nsubj conj amod obj punct punct root Photography NOUN also ADV means VERB the DET photos NOUN in ADP a DET book NOUN , PUNCT film NOUN or CCONJ magazine NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ how ADV they PRON are AUX done VERB , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT the DET film NOUN has VERB beautiful ADJ photography NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 2 also also ADV _ 3 means advmod 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 photos det 5 photos photo NOUN Number=Plur 3 means obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 book case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 book det 8 book book NOUN Number=Sing 5 photos nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 film punct 10 film film NOUN Number=Sing 8 book conj 11 or or CCONJ _ 12 magazine cc 12 magazine magazine NOUN Number=Sing 8 book conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 18 done punct 14 and and CCONJ _ 18 done cc 15 how how ADV PronType=Int 18 done advmod 16 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 18 done nsubj 17 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 done aux:pass 18 done do VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 means parataxis 19 , , PUNCT _ 25 has punct 20 as as SCONJ _ 25 has mark 21 in in ADP _ 20 as fixed 22 « « PUNCT _ 25 has punct 23 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 24 film det 24 film film NOUN Number=Sing 25 has nsubj 25 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 18 done conj 26 beautiful beautiful ADJ Degree=Pos 27 photography amod 27 photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 25 has obj 28 » » PUNCT _ 27 photography punct 29 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Photography the photos in a book and film or magazine vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot photo=Theme in book=Attribute 2 do present · passive photos = photo vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Eventuality 3 have in a quote present the film beautiful photography vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photography=Patient
Example 1 My aunt does wildlife photography and waits hours for one shot.
nmod:poss nsubj compound obj cc conj obj case nummod obl punct root My PRON aunt NOUN does VERB wildlife NOUN photography NOUN and CCONJ waits VERB hours NOUN for ADP one NUM shot NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 3 does nsubj 3 does do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 wildlife wildlife NOUN Number=Sing 5 photography compound 5 photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 3 does obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 waits cc 7 waits wait VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 does conj 8 hours hour NOUN Number=Plur 7 waits obj 9 for for ADP _ 11 shot case 10 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 11 shot nummod 11 shot shot NOUN Number=Sing 7 waits obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 does punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do present My aunt wildlife photography vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent photography=Eventuality 2 wait present My aunt not said here hour for one shot vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 2 Flash photography is not allowed in the museum.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod case det obl punct root Flash ADJ photography NOUN is AUX not PART allowed VERB in ADP the DET museum NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Flash flash ADJ Degree=Pos 2 photography amod 2 photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 5 allowed nsubj:pass 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 allowed aux:pass 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 allowed advmod 5 allowed allow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 museum case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 museum det 8 museum museum NOUN Number=Sing 5 allowed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 allowed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not allow present · passive Flash photography the museum vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Beneficiary
Example 3 We had a photography lesson on how to use light.
nsubj det compound obj mark advmod mark advcl obj punct root We PRON had VERB a DET photography NOUN lesson NOUN on SCONJ how ADV to PART use VERB light NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 lesson det 4 photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 5 lesson compound 5 lesson lesson NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 on on SCONJ _ 9 use mark 7 how how ADV PronType=Int 9 use advmod 8 to to PART _ 9 use mark 9 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 had advcl 10 light light NOUN Number=Sing 9 use obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a photography lesson vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lesson=Patient 2 use to-infinitive We not said here light vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Patient
Example 4 Photography was invented about two hundred years ago.
nsubj:pass aux:pass advmod compound nummod obl:unmarked advmod punct root Photography NOUN was AUX invented VERB about ADV two NUM hundred NUM years NOUN ago ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 3 invented nsubj:pass 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 invented aux:pass 3 invented invent VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 about about ADV _ 6 hundred advmod 5 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 hundred compound 6 hundred hundred NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 7 years nummod 7 years year NOUN Number=Plur 8 ago obl:unmarked 8 ago ago ADV _ 3 invented advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 invented punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 invent past · passive Photography ago property vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Result
Example 5 The film's photography made the mountains look magical.
det nmod:poss case nsubj det nsubj ccomp xcomp punct root The DET film NOUN 's PART photography NOUN made VERB the DET mountains NOUN look VERB magical ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 film det 2 film film NOUN Number=Sing 4 photography nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 film case 4 photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 5 made nsubj 5 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 mountains det 7 mountains mountain NOUN Number=Plur 8 look nsubj 8 look look VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made ccomp 9 magical magical ADJ Degree=Pos 8 look xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past the film's photography tree rules 2 look present the mountains magical property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 6 He took up photography as a hobby.
nsubj compound:prt obj case det obl punct root He PRON took VERB up ADP photography NOUN as ADP a DET hobby NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 took compound:prt 4 photography photography NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 as as ADP _ 7 hobby case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 hobby det 7 hobby hobby NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take up past He photography as a hobby vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent photography=Theme as hobby=Attribute
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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