pickaxe Who acts: pickaxe, miner, rush diggers, Workers, you, climbers · What happens: be, curve, use, break, swing, carry · To what, where: heavy tool, hard ground, pickaxe, rock, pickaxes, road
«pickaxe» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pickaxe in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A pickaxe is a heavy tool with a long wooden handle and a curved metal head with a point on one or both ends, used for breaking hard ground, rock or ice.
The tree, 32 words det nsubj cop det amod case det amod amod nmod cc det amod compound conj case det nmod case nmod cc det conj punct parataxis mark advcl amod obj punct appos cc conj punct root A DET pickaxe NOUN is AUX a DET heavy ADJ tool NOUN with ADP a DET long ADJ wooden ADJ handle NOUN and CCONJ a DET curved VERB metal NOUN head NOUN with ADP a DET point NOUN on ADP one NUM or CCONJ both DET ends NOUN , PUNCT used VERB for SCONJ breaking VERB hard ADJ ground NOUN , PUNCT rock NOUN or CCONJ ice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pickaxe det 2 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 6 tool nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 tool cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 tool det 5 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos 6 tool amod 6 tool tool NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 11 handle case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 handle det 9 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 11 handle amod 10 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 11 handle amod 11 handle handle NOUN Number=Sing 6 tool nmod 12 and and CCONJ _ 16 head cc 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 head det 14 curved curve VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 16 head amod 15 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 16 head compound 16 head head NOUN Number=Sing 11 handle conj 17 with with ADP _ 19 point case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 point det 19 point point NOUN Number=Sing 6 tool nmod 20 on on ADP _ 21 one case 21 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 19 point nmod 22 or or CCONJ _ 24 ends cc 23 both both DET PronType=Tot 24 ends det 24 ends end NOUN Number=Plur 21 one conj 25 , , PUNCT _ 26 used punct 26 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 tool parataxis 27 for for SCONJ _ 28 breaking mark 28 breaking break VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 26 used advcl 29 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 30 ground amod 30 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 28 breaking obj 31 , , PUNCT _ 32 rock punct 32 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 30 ground appos 33 or or CCONJ _ 34 ice cc 34 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 32 rock conj 35 . . PUNCT _ 6 tool punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pickaxe a heavy tool with a long wooden handle and a curved metal head; with a point on one or both ends tree rules 2 curve participle vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material 3 use participle vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 break gerund hard ground vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer ground=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The miner swung his pickaxe at the rock.
det nsubj nmod:poss obj case det obl punct root The DET miner NOUN swung VERB his PRON pickaxe NOUN at ADP the DET rock NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 miner det 2 miner miner NOUN Number=Sing 3 swung nsubj 3 swung swing VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 pickaxe nmod:poss 5 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 3 swung obj 6 at at ADP _ 8 rock case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 rock det 8 rock rock NOUN Number=Sing 3 swung obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 swung punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swing past the miner miner's pickaxe the rock vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent pickaxe=Theme at rock=Location
Example 2 Gold rush diggers carried pickaxes and shovels.
compound compound nsubj obj cc conj punct root Gold NOUN rush NOUN diggers NOUN carried VERB pickaxes NOUN and CCONJ shovels NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Gold gold NOUN Number=Sing 2 rush compound 2 rush rush NOUN Number=Sing 3 diggers compound 3 diggers digger NOUN Number=Plur 4 carried nsubj 4 carried carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 pickaxes pickax NOUN Number=Plur 4 carried obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 shovels cc 7 shovels shovel NOUN Number=Plur 5 pickaxes conj 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 carried punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry past rush diggers pickaxes and shovels vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pickax=Theme
Example 3 Workers broke up the road with a pickaxe.
nsubj compound:prt det obj case det obl punct root Workers NOUN broke VERB up ADP the DET road NOUN with ADP a DET pickaxe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Workers worker NOUN Number=Plur 2 broke nsubj 2 broke break VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 broke compound:prt 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 road det 5 road road NOUN Number=Sing 2 broke obj 6 with with ADP _ 8 pickaxe case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 pickaxe det 8 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 2 broke obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 broke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 break up past Workers the road with a pickaxe vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent road=Patient with pickaxe=Instrument
Example 4 In the game you need a pickaxe to dig for diamonds.
case det obl nsubj det obj mark advcl case obl punct root In ADP the DET game NOUN you PRON need VERB a DET pickaxe NOUN to PART dig VERB for ADP diamonds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 game case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 game det 3 game game NOUN Number=Sing 5 need obl 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 need nsubj 5 need need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 pickaxe det 7 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 5 need obj 8 to to PART _ 9 dig mark 9 dig dig VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 need advcl 10 for for ADP _ 11 diamonds case 11 diamonds diamond NOUN Number=Plur 9 dig obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 need punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present you a pickaxe the game vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot pickaxe=Theme 2 dig to-infinitive you not said here for diamonds vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for diamond=Theme
Example 5 A pickaxe is too heavy for small children to use.
det nsubj cop advmod case amod obl mark advcl punct root A DET pickaxe NOUN is AUX too ADV heavy ADJ for ADP small ADJ children NOUN to PART use VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pickaxe det 2 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 5 heavy nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 heavy cop 4 too too ADV _ 5 heavy advmod 5 heavy heavy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 children case 7 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 children amod 8 children child NOUN Number=Plur 5 heavy obl 9 to to PART _ 10 use mark 10 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 heavy advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 heavy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a pickaxe for small children; heavy property tree rules 2 use to-infinitive a pickaxe not said here vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The climbers used an ice axe, a kind of small pickaxe.
det nsubj det compound obj punct det appos case amod nmod punct root The DET climbers NOUN used VERB an DET ice NOUN axe NOUN , PUNCT a DET kind NOUN of ADP small ADJ pickaxe NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 climbers det 2 climbers climber NOUN Number=Plur 3 used nsubj 3 used use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 axe det 5 ice ice NOUN Number=Sing 6 axe compound 6 axe axe NOUN Number=Sing 3 used obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 kind punct 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 kind det 9 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 6 axe appos 10 of of ADP _ 12 pickaxe case 11 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 12 pickaxe amod 12 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 9 kind nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 3 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past the climbers a ice axe vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent axe=Patient
Example 7 Jack took a horn, a shovel, a pickaxe, his armor, and a dark lantern, and one winter’s evening he went to the mount.
The tree, 24 words nsubj det obj punct det conj punct det conj punct nmod:poss conj punct cc det amod obl punct cc nummod nmod:poss case obl:unmarked nsubj conj case det obl punct root Jack PROPN took VERB a DET horn NOUN , PUNCT a DET shovel NOUN , PUNCT a DET pickaxe NOUN , PUNCT his PRON armor NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ a DET dark ADJ lantern NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ one NUM winter NOUN ’s PART evening NOUN he PRON went VERB to ADP the DET mount NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Jack Jack PROPN Number=Sing 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 horn det 4 horn horn NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 , , PUNCT _ 7 shovel punct 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 shovel det 7 shovel shovel NOUN Number=Sing 4 horn conj 8 , , PUNCT _ 10 pickaxe punct 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 pickaxe det 10 pickaxe pickaxe NOUN Number=Sing 4 horn conj 11 , , PUNCT _ 13 armor punct 12 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 armor nmod:poss 13 armor armor NOUN Number=Sing 4 horn conj 14 , , PUNCT _ 18 lantern punct 15 and and CCONJ _ 18 lantern cc 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 lantern det 17 dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 18 lantern amod 18 lantern lantern NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 26 went punct 20 and and CCONJ _ 26 went cc 21 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 22 winter nummod 22 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 24 evening nmod:poss 23 ’s 's PART _ 22 winter case 24 evening evening NOUN Number=Sing 26 went obl:unmarked 25 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 went nsubj 26 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 took conj 27 to to ADP _ 29 mount case 28 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 29 mount det 29 mount mount NOUN Number=Sing 26 went obl 30 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past Jack a horn and a shovel and a pickaxe and Jack's armor a dark lantern obl vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horn=Theme 2 go past Jack the mount evening vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to mount=Initial_Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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