picnic Who acts: picnic, park, Moving, They, 8 friends, person · What happens: be, eat, sit, mean, move, take · To what, where: meal, blanket, house, picnic, 12 sandwiches, 2 apples · Speech: someone speaks here
«picnic» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: picnic in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A picnic is a meal eaten outside, often in a park or on a beach, sitting on a blanket.
The tree, 19 words det nsubj cop det acl advmod punct advmod case det appos cc case det conj punct acl case det obl punct root A DET picnic NOUN is AUX a DET meal NOUN eaten VERB outside ADV , PUNCT often ADV in ADP a DET park NOUN or CCONJ on ADP a DET beach NOUN , PUNCT sitting VERB on ADP a DET blanket NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 picnic det 2 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 meal nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 meal cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 meal det 5 meal meal NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 meal acl 7 outside outside ADV _ 6 eaten advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 park punct 9 often often ADV _ 12 park advmod 10 in in ADP _ 12 park case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 park det 12 park park NOUN Number=Sing 5 meal appos 13 or or CCONJ _ 16 beach cc 14 on on ADP _ 16 beach case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 beach det 16 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 12 park conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 sitting punct 18 sitting sit VERB VerbForm=Ger 12 park acl 19 on on ADP _ 21 blanket case 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 blanket det 21 blanket blanket NOUN Number=Sing 18 sitting obl 22 . . PUNCT _ 5 meal punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a picnic a meal tree rules 2 eat participle a meal not said here outside property vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 sit gerund a park or a beach not said here a blanket vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on blanket=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To picnic is to have a picnic.
mark advcl cop mark det obj punct root To PART picnic NOUN is AUX to PART have VERB a DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 picnic mark 2 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 have advcl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 have cop 4 to to PART _ 5 have mark 5 have have VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 picnic det 7 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 have obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present have property tree rules
Meaning 3 «No picnic» means not easy: «Moving house is no picnic».
The tree, 10 words punct det nsubj punct advmod xcomp punct punct csubj obj cop det parataxis punct punct root « PUNCT No DET picnic NOUN » PUNCT means VERB not PART easy ADJ : PUNCT « PUNCT Moving VERB house NOUN is AUX no DET picnic NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 picnic punct 2 No no DET PronType=Neg 3 picnic det 3 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 means nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 picnic punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 easy advmod 7 easy easy ADJ Degree=Pos 5 means xcomp 8 : : PUNCT _ 14 picnic punct 9 « « PUNCT _ 10 Moving punct 10 Moving move VERB VerbForm=Ger 14 picnic csubj 11 house house NOUN Number=Sing 10 Moving obj 12 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 picnic cop 13 no no DET PronType=Neg 14 picnic det 14 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 means parataxis 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 picnic punct 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present no picnic easy property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 move in a quote gerund house vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent house=Theme 3 is a in a quote present Moving no picnic tree rules
Example 1 They took 12 sandwiches to the picnic.
nsubj nummod obj case det obl punct root They PRON took VERB 12 NUM sandwiches NOUN to ADP the DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 sandwiches nummod 4 sandwiches sandwich NOUN Number=Plur 2 took obj 5 to to ADP _ 7 picnic case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 picnic det 7 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past They 12 sandwiches the picnic vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sandwich=Theme to picnic=Destination
Example 2 8 friends went on a picnic.
nummod nsubj case det obl punct root 8 NUM friends NOUN went VERB on ADP a DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 friends nummod 2 friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 3 went nsubj 3 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 picnic case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 picnic det 6 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past 8 friends a picnic vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on picnic=Location
Example 3 Each person at the picnic got 2 apples.
det nsubj case det nmod nummod obj punct root Each DET person NOUN at ADP the DET picnic NOUN got VERB 2 NUM apples NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 person det 2 person person NOUN Number=Sing 6 got nsubj 3 at at ADP _ 5 picnic case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 picnic det 5 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 2 person nmod 6 got get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 apples nummod 8 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 6 got obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 got punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get past each person at the picnic 2 apples vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer apple=Stimulus
Example 4 How many cups are needed for the picnic?
advmod amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root How ADV many ADJ cups NOUN are AUX needed VERB for ADP the DET picnic NOUN ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cups amod 3 cups cup NOUN Number=Plur 5 needed nsubj:pass 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 needed aux:pass 5 needed need VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 picnic case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 picnic det 8 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 needed obl 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 needed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 need present · passive many cups for the picnic vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme
Example 5 We had a picnic by the lake.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON had VERB a DET picnic NOUN by ADP the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 picnic det 4 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 5 by by ADP _ 7 lake case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 lake det 7 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past We a picnic by the lake vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent picnic=Patient
Example 6 Pack the picnic basket with fruit and water.
det compound obj case nmod cc conj punct root Pack VERB the DET picnic NOUN basket NOUN with ADP fruit NOUN and CCONJ water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pack pack VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 basket det 3 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 4 basket compound 4 basket basket NOUN Number=Sing 1 Pack obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 fruit case 6 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 4 basket nmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 water cc 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 fruit conj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Pack punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pack imperative you not said here the picnic basket with fruit and water vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent basket=Destination with fruit=Theme
Example 7 Ants crawled all over our picnic blanket.
nsubj advmod case nmod:poss compound obl punct root Ants NOUN crawled VERB all ADV over ADP our PRON picnic NOUN blanket NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ants ant NOUN Number=Plur 2 crawled nsubj 2 crawled crawl VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 all all ADV _ 7 blanket advmod 4 over over ADP _ 7 blanket case 5 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 blanket nmod:poss 6 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 7 blanket compound 7 blanket blanket NOUN Number=Sing 2 crawled obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 crawled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 crawl past Ants our picnic blanket vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over blanket=Trajectory
Example 8 Take your rubbish home after a picnic.
nmod:poss obj advmod case det obl punct root Take VERB your PRON rubbish NOUN home ADV after ADP a DET picnic NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 rubbish nmod:poss 3 rubbish rubbish NOUN Number=Sing 1 Take obj 4 home home ADV _ 1 Take advmod 5 after after ADP _ 7 picnic case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 picnic det 7 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 1 Take obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 1 Take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take imperative you not said here your rubbish after a picnic home property vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rubbish=Theme
Example 9 Learning to skate was no picnic!
csubj mark xcomp cop det punct root Learning VERB to PART skate VERB was AUX no DET picnic NOUN ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Learning learn VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 picnic csubj 2 to to PART _ 3 skate mark 3 skate skate VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Learning xcomp 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 picnic cop 5 no no DET PronType=Neg 6 picnic det 6 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 picnic punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 learn gerund vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 skate to-infinitive vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme 3 is a past Learning no picnic tree rules
Example 10 I remember when I went out to a picnic with the furrier's family, on the day his daughter was betrothed,--it seems as if it only happened yesterday.
The tree, 29 words nsubj advmod nsubj ccomp advmod case det obl case det nmod:poss case obl punct case det obl nmod:poss nsubj aux:pass parataxis punct punct nsubj conj mark mark nsubj advmod ccomp obl:unmarked punct root I PRON remember VERB when ADV I PRON went VERB out ADV to ADP a DET picnic NOUN with ADP the DET furrier NOUN 's PART family NOUN , PUNCT on ADP the DET day NOUN his PRON daughter NOUN was AUX betrothed VERB , PUNCT -- PUNCT it PRON seems VERB as SCONJ if SCONJ it PRON only ADV happened VERB yesterday NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 remember nsubj 2 remember remember VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 when when ADV PronType=Int 5 went advmod 4 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 went nsubj 5 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 remember ccomp 6 out out ADV _ 5 went advmod 7 to to ADP _ 9 picnic case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 picnic det 9 picnic picnic NOUN Number=Sing 5 went obl 10 with with ADP _ 14 family case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 furrier det 12 furrier furrier NOUN Number=Sing 14 family nmod:poss 13 's 's PART _ 12 furrier case 14 family family NOUN Number=Sing 5 went obl 15 , , PUNCT _ 22 betrothed punct 16 on on ADP _ 18 day case 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 18 day det 18 day day NOUN Number=Sing 22 betrothed obl 19 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 20 daughter nmod:poss 20 daughter daughter NOUN Number=Sing 22 betrothed nsubj 21 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 22 betrothed aux:pass 22 betrothed betroth VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 went parataxis 23 , , PUNCT _ 26 seems punct 24 -- -- PUNCT _ 26 seems punct 25 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 seems nsubj 26 seems seem VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 22 betrothed conj 27 as as SCONJ _ 31 happened mark 28 if if SCONJ _ 31 happened mark 29 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 31 happened nsubj 30 only only ADV _ 31 happened advmod 31 happened happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 26 seems ccomp 32 yesterday yesterday NOUN Number=Sing 31 happened obl:unmarked 33 . . PUNCT _ 2 remember punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember present I vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 go out past I to a picnic; with the furrier's family; out property vn interact-36.6 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with family=Co-Agent 3 betroth past · passive furrier's daughter day vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: subject=Theme 4 seem present it vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme clause=Attribute 5 happen a condition, not said to happen past it yesterday vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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