pine Who acts: pine, thin sharp leaves, needles, seeds, 24 pine trees, Sam · What happens: be, call, stay, grow, use, feel · To what, where: tall evergreen tree, needles, pine cones, pale wood, park, 15 pine cones · Speech: someone speaks here
«pine» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pine in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A pine is a tall evergreen tree with thin, sharp leaves called needles that stay green all year. Its seeds grow in pine cones.
Sentence 1: A pine is a tall evergreen tree with thin, sharp leaves called needles that stay green all year.
The tree, 18 words det nsubj cop det amod compound case amod punct amod nmod acl xcomp nsubj acl:relcl xcomp det obl:unmarked punct root A DET pine NOUN is AUX a DET tall ADJ evergreen NOUN tree NOUN with ADP thin ADJ , PUNCT sharp ADJ leaves NOUN called VERB needles NOUN that PRON stay VERB green ADJ all DET year NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pine det 2 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 7 tree nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 tree cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 tree det 5 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tree amod 6 evergreen evergreen NOUN Number=Sing 7 tree compound 7 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 with with ADP _ 12 leaves case 9 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 12 leaves amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 thin punct 11 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 12 leaves amod 12 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 7 tree nmod 13 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 leaves acl 14 needles needle NOUN Number=Plur 13 called xcomp 15 that that PRON PronType=Rel 16 stay nsubj 16 stay stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 needles acl:relcl 17 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 16 stay xcomp 18 all all DET PronType=Tot 19 year det 19 year year NOUN Number=Sing 16 stay obl:unmarked 20 . . PUNCT _ 7 tree punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pine a tall evergreen tree with thin sharp leaves tree rules 2 call participle thin sharp leaves not said here needles vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 stay present needles year green property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: Its seeds grow in pine cones.
nmod:poss nsubj case compound obl punct root Its PRON seeds NOUN grow VERB in ADP pine NOUN cones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 seeds nmod:poss 2 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 3 grow nsubj 3 grow grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 in in ADP _ 6 cones case 5 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 6 cones compound 6 cones cone NOUN Number=Plur 3 grow obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 grow present tree's seeds pine cones vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in cone=Location
Meaning 2 Pine is the pale wood of this tree, used for furniture.
nsubj cop det amod case det nmod punct acl case obl punct root Pine NOUN is AUX the DET pale ADJ wood NOUN of ADP this DET tree NOUN , PUNCT used VERB for ADP furniture NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 5 wood nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 wood cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 wood det 4 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 5 wood amod 5 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 tree case 7 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 8 tree det 8 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 5 wood nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 used punct 10 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 wood acl 11 for for ADP _ 12 furniture case 12 furniture furniture NOUN Number=Sing 10 used obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 wood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Pine the pale wood of this tree tree rules 2 use participle the pale wood not said here for furniture vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Meaning 3 To pine for someone or something is to miss them very much and feel sad.
The tree, 15 words mark advcl case nmod cc conj cop mark obj advmod advmod cc conj xcomp punct root To PART pine NOUN for ADP someone PRON or CCONJ something PRON is AUX to PART miss VERB them PRON very ADV much ADV and CCONJ feel VERB sad ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pine mark 2 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 9 miss advcl 3 for for ADP _ 4 someone case 4 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 pine nmod 5 or or CCONJ _ 6 something cc 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 someone conj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 miss cop 8 to to PART _ 9 miss mark 9 miss miss VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 miss obj 11 very very ADV _ 12 much advmod 12 much much ADV _ 9 miss advmod 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 feel cc 14 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 9 miss conj 15 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 14 feel xcomp 16 . . PUNCT _ 9 miss punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present miss property tree rules 2 feel infinitive sad property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Meaning 4 To pine away means to grow weak and thin from sadness or longing.
mark nsubj advmod mark xcomp xcomp cc conj case obl cc conj punct root To PART pine NOUN away ADV means VERB to PART grow VERB weak ADJ and CCONJ thin ADJ from ADP sadness NOUN or CCONJ longing NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pine mark 2 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 4 means nsubj 3 away away ADV _ 2 pine advmod 4 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 to to PART _ 6 grow mark 6 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 means xcomp 7 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 6 grow xcomp 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 thin cc 9 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 7 weak conj 10 from from ADP _ 11 sadness case 11 sadness sadness NOUN Number=Sing 6 grow obl 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 longing cc 13 longing longing NOUN Number=Sing 11 sadness conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present pine vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 grow not said to happen to-infinitive pine not said here from sadness or longing; weak property vn grow-26.2.1 «NP.product V PP.patient»: agent=Product from sadness=Patient
Example 1 There are 24 pine trees in the park.
expl nummod compound nsubj case det obl punct root There PRON are VERB 24 NUM pine NOUN trees NOUN in ADP the DET park NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 There there PRON PronType=Dem 2 are expl 2 are be VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 24 24 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 trees nummod 4 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 5 trees compound 5 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 2 are nsubj 6 in in ADP _ 8 park case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 park det 8 park park NOUN Number=Sing 2 are obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 are punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 does present 24 pine trees the park; there vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in park=Location
Example 2 Sam picked up 15 pine cones.
nsubj compound:prt nummod compound obj punct root Sam PROPN picked VERB up ADP 15 NUM pine NOUN cones NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 picked nsubj 2 picked pick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 up up ADP _ 2 picked compound:prt 4 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 cones nummod 5 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 6 cones compound 6 cones cone NOUN Number=Plur 2 picked obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 picked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pick up past Sam 15 pine cones vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cone=Topic
Example 3 The forest has 3 times as many pines as oaks.
det nsubj nummod obl:unmarked advmod amod obj case nmod punct root The DET forest NOUN has VERB 3 NUM times NOUN as ADV many ADJ pines NOUN as ADP oaks NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 forest det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing 3 has nsubj 3 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 times nummod 5 times time NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obl:unmarked 6 as as ADV _ 7 many advmod 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 pines amod 8 pines pine NOUN Number=Plur 3 has obj 9 as as ADP _ 10 oaks case 10 oaks oak NOUN Number=Plur 8 pines nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present the forest many pines time as oaks vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pine=Patient
Example 4 They planted 8 rows of pine trees with 6 in each row.
nsubj nummod obj case compound nmod case obl case det obl punct root They PRON planted VERB 8 NUM rows NOUN of ADP pine NOUN trees NOUN with ADP 6 NUM in ADP each DET row NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 planted nsubj 2 planted plant VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 rows nummod 4 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 2 planted obj 5 of of ADP _ 7 trees case 6 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 7 trees compound 7 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 4 rows nmod 8 with with ADP _ 9 6 case 9 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 planted obl 10 in in ADP _ 12 row case 11 each each DET PronType=Tot 12 row det 12 row row NOUN Number=Sing 2 planted obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 planted punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 plant past They 8 rows of pine trees each row with 6 vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent row=Patient with 6=Instrument
Example 5 Pine trees stay green all winter.
compound nsubj xcomp det obl:unmarked punct root Pine NOUN trees NOUN stay VERB green ADJ all DET winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 2 trees compound 2 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 3 stay nsubj 3 stay stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 3 stay xcomp 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 winter det 6 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 3 stay obl:unmarked 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 stay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stay present Pine trees winter green property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 The forest smelled of pine needles.
det acl case compound obl punct root The DET forest NOUN smelled VERB of ADP pine NOUN needles NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 forest det 2 forest forest NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 smelled smell VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 forest acl 4 of of ADP _ 6 needles case 5 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 6 needles compound 6 needles needle NOUN Number=Plur 3 smelled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 forest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell participle the forest not said here of pine needles vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of needle=Theme
Example 7 Our kitchen table is made of pine.
nmod:poss compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Our PRON kitchen NOUN table NOUN is AUX made VERB of ADP pine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 table nmod:poss 2 kitchen kitchen NOUN Number=Sing 3 table compound 3 table table NOUN Number=Sing 5 made nsubj:pass 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 made aux:pass 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 pine case 7 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 5 made obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Our kitchen table of pine vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 8 The puppy pined for its owner while she was away.
det acl case nmod:poss obl:agent mark nsubj cop advcl punct root The DET puppy NOUN pined VERB for ADP its PRON owner NOUN while SCONJ she PRON was AUX away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puppy det 2 puppy puppy NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 pined pine VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 puppy acl 4 for for ADP _ 6 owner case 5 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 owner nmod:poss 6 owner owner NOUN Number=Sing 3 pined obl:agent 7 while while SCONJ _ 10 away mark 8 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 away nsubj 9 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 away cop 10 away away ADV _ 3 pined advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 puppy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pine participle the puppy not said here vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot 2 is past she away property tree rules
Example 9 But the Tsarevich did nothing but pine away.
cc det nsubj obj cc conj advmod punct root But CCONJ the DET Tsarevich PROPN did VERB nothing PRON but CCONJ pine NOUN away ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 But but CCONJ _ 4 did cc 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 Tsarevich det 3 Tsarevich Tsarevich PROPN Number=Sing 4 did nsubj 4 did do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 nothing nothing PRON Number=Sing PronType=Neg 4 did obj 6 but but CCONJ _ 7 pine cc 7 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 5 nothing conj 8 away away ADV _ 4 did advmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 did punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do past the Tsarevich nothing away property vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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