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plaintive

Who acts: someone, lost kitten, We, seagull, Ratty, plaintive call · What happens: sound, complain, cry, ask, lose, give · To what, where: plaintive mew, plaintive cry, plaintive song, plaintive whine, door, us · Speech: someone speaks here

«plaintive» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plaintive in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Sounding sad, like someone complaining or crying softly: «a plaintive cry».

The tree, 11 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sounding	sound	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 cry	csubj
2	sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Sounding	xcomp
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 complaining	punct
4	like	like	SCONJ	_	6 complaining	mark
5	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	6 complaining	nsubj
6	complaining	complain	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	1 Sounding	conj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 crying	cc
8	crying	cry	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 complaining	conj
9	softly	softly	ADV	_	8 crying	advmod
10	:	:	PUNCT	_	1 Sounding	punct
11	«	«	PUNCT	_	14 cry	punct
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	14 cry	det
13	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 cry	amod
14	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
15	»	»	PUNCT	_	14 cry	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	14 cry	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sound	gerund						sad property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
2	complain speech: other	gerund	someone						vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	cry speech: express	gerund	someone not said here					softly property	vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Sad and gentle, asking for pity.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Sad	sad	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
2	and	and	CCONJ	_	3 gentle	cc
3	gentle	gentle	ADJ	Degree=Pos	1 Sad	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 asking	punct
5	asking	ask	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	1 Sad	parataxis
6	for	for	ADP	_	7 pity	case
7	pity	pity	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 asking	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Sad	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	ask speech: ask	gerund						for pity	vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Example 1

The lost kitten gave a plaintive mew.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 kitten	det
2	lost	lose	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 kitten	amod
3	kitten	kitten	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gave	nsubj
4	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 mew	det
6	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 mew	amod
7	mew	mew	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 gave	obj
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lose	participle							vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	give	past	the lost kitten	a plaintive mew					vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mew=Theme

Example 2

We heard the plaintive cry of a seagull.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 heard	nsubj
2	heard	hear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 cry	det
4	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 cry	amod
5	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 heard	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	8 seagull	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 seagull	det
8	seagull	seagull	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 cry	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 heard	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	hear	past	We	the plaintive cry of a seagull					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus
2	cry		a seagull						nom cry «communication intransitive»: of=agent

Example 3

«Ratty, please come back!» came the Mole's plaintive call.

The tree, 10 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	«	«	PUNCT	_	5 come	punct
2	Ratty	Ratty	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 come	nsubj
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 Ratty	punct
4	please	please	INTJ	_	5 come	discourse
5	come	come	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	9 came	parataxis
6	back	back	ADV	_	5 come	advmod
7	!	!	PUNCT	_	5 come	punct
8	»	»	PUNCT	_	5 come	punct
9	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Mole	det
11	Mole	mole	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 call	nmod:poss
12	's	's	PART	_	11 Mole	case
13	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	14 call	amod
14	call	call	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 came	nsubj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 came	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come back in a quote	infinitive	Ratty						vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	come	past	the Mole's plaintive call						tree rules
3	call		the Mole						nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 4

She sang a plaintive song about home.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 sang	nsubj
2	sang	sing	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 song	det
4	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 song	amod
5	song	song	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 sang	obj
6	about	about	ADP	_	7 home	case
7	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 song	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 sang	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	sing speech: express	past	She	a plaintive song				about home	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location song=Theme

Example 5

The dog gave a plaintive whine at the door.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 dog	det
2	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	nsubj
3	gave	give	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 whine	det
5	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 whine	amod
6	whine	whine	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obj
7	at	at	ADP	_	9 door	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 door	det
9	door	door	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 gave	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 gave	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	give	past	the dog	a plaintive whine		the door			vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.asset»: agent=Agent whine=Theme at door=Asset

Example 6

His plaintive voice made us feel sorry for him.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	His	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 voice	nmod:poss
2	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 voice	amod
3	voice	voice	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 made	nsubj
4	made	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	us	we	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 made	obj
6	feel	feel	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 made	xcomp
7	sorry	sorry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 feel	xcomp
8	for	for	ADP	_	9 him	case
9	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	7 sorry	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 made	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	past	His plaintive voice	us					tree rules
2	feel	infinitive	us not said here					sorry property	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus

Example 7

Wendy was now almost overhead, and they could hear her plaintive cry.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Wendy	Wendy	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 overhead	nsubj
2	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 overhead	cop
3	now	now	ADV	PronType=Dem	5 overhead	advmod
4	almost	almost	ADV	_	5 overhead	advmod
5	overhead	overhead	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 hear	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 hear	cc
8	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 hear	nsubj
9	could	could	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 hear	aux
10	hear	hear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 overhead	conj
11	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 cry	nmod:poss
12	plaintive	plaintive	ADJ	Degree=Pos	13 cry	amod
13	cry	cry	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 hear	obj
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 overhead	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	past	Wendy				now	almost, overhead property	tree rules
2	hear	could	they	Wendy's plaintive cry					vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer cry=Stimulus
3	cry		Wendy						nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/plaintive/