plea
Who acts: person, he, charity, eyes, family, police · What happens: say, accuse, give, be, make, enter · To what, where: court, reason, plea, silent plea, usual procedure, That · Speech: someone speaks here
«plea» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plea in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
A strong, emotional request for something.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 request | det |
| 2 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 request | amod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 strong | punct |
| 4 | emotional | emotional | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 request | amod |
| 5 | request | request | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 something | case |
| 7 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 5 request | nmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 request | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"a plea for help".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 plea | punct |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 plea | det |
| 3 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 4 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 help | case |
| 5 | help | help | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 plea | nmod |
| 6 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 plea | punct |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 plea | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 2
Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.
What a person says in court when accused of a crime.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | What | what | DET | PronType=Int | 3 person | det |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 person | det |
| 3 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | nsubj |
| 4 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 court | case |
| 6 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 says | obl |
| 7 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 8 accused | advmod |
| 8 | accused | accuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 says | advcl |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 crime | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 crime | det |
| 11 | crime | crime | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 accused | obl |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 says | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | what person | court | vn pronounce-29.3.1 «NP V NP PP.manner»: agent=Agent in court=Manner | ||||
| 2 | accuse | participle | what person not said here | of a crime | vn suspect-81 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent of crime=Attribute |
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"guilty" or "not guilty".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 guilty | punct |
| 2 | guilty | guilty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 3 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 guilty | punct |
| 4 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 7 guilty | cc |
| 5 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 guilty | punct |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 guilty | advmod |
| 7 | guilty | guilty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 guilty | conj |
| 8 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 guilty | punct |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 guilty | punct |
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Meaning 3
An excuse or reason given.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | An | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 excuse | det |
| 2 | excuse | excuse | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 4 reason | cc |
| 4 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 excuse | conj |
| 5 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 reason | acl |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 excuse | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | participle | reason not said here | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"on the plea that he was ill".
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 plea | punct |
| 2 | on | on | ADP | _ | 4 plea | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 plea | det |
| 4 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 ill | mark |
| 6 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 ill | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 ill | cop |
| 8 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 plea | acl:relcl |
| 9 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 ill | punct |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 plea | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is in a quote | past | he | the plea not said here | ill property | tree rules |
Example 1
The charity made a plea for warm blankets.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 charity | det |
| 2 | charity | charity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | nsubj |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 plea | det |
| 5 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 blankets | case |
| 7 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 blankets | amod |
| 8 | blankets | blanket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 made | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | the charity | a plea | for warm blankets | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent plea=Product for blanket=Asset |
Example 2
The puppy's eyes were a silent plea for food.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 puppy | det |
| 2 | puppy | puppy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 puppy | case |
| 4 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 plea | nsubj |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 plea | cop |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 plea | det |
| 7 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 plea | amod |
| 8 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 9 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 food | case |
| 10 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 plea | nmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 plea | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | the puppy's eyes | a silent plea | for food | tree rules |
Example 3
He entered a plea of not guilty.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 entered | nsubj |
| 2 | entered | enter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 plea | det |
| 4 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 entered | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 guilty | case |
| 6 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 7 guilty | advmod |
| 7 | guilty | guilty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 plea | nmod |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 entered | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | enter | past | He | a plea of guilty | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme plea=Destination |
Example 4
The family made a plea for their lost cat to be found.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 family | det |
| 2 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | nsubj |
| 3 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 plea | det |
| 5 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 made | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 cat | case |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 cat | nmod:poss |
| 8 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 cat | amod |
| 9 | cat | cat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 plea | nmod |
| 10 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 found | mark |
| 11 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 12 found | aux:pass |
| 12 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 cat | acl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 made | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | the family | a plea | for their lost cat | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent plea=Product for cat=Beneficiary | |||
| 2 | lose | participle | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | find | to-infinitive · passive | the family not said here | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF» |
Example 5
Her plea for more time was accepted.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 plea | nmod:poss |
| 2 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 accepted | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | for | for | ADP | _ | 5 time | case |
| 4 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 5 time | amod |
| 5 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 plea | nmod |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 accepted | aux:pass |
| 7 | accepted | accept | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 accepted | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | accept | past · passive | Her plea for more time | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Example 6
The police issued a plea for witnesses.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 police | det |
| 2 | police | police | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 issued | nsubj |
| 3 | issued | issue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 plea | det |
| 5 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 issued | obj |
| 6 | for | for | ADP | _ | 7 witnesses | case |
| 7 | witnesses | witness | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 issued | obl |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 issued | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | issue | past | the police | a plea | for witnesses | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent plea=Theme for witness=Recipient |
Example 7
That this was the usual procedure was so well known to Hook that in disregarding it he cannot be excused on the plea of ignorance.
The tree, 26 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 10 known | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 6 procedure | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 procedure | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 procedure | det |
| 5 | usual | usual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 procedure | amod |
| 6 | procedure | procedure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 That | acl:relcl |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 known | aux:pass |
| 8 | so | so | ADV | _ | 9 well | advmod |
| 9 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 10 known | advmod |
| 10 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 Hook | mark |
| 12 | Hook | hook | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 known | xcomp |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 disregarding | mark |
| 14 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 15 disregarding | mark |
| 15 | disregarding | disregard | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 Hook | advcl |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 disregarding | obj |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 excused | nsubj |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 excused | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 excused | advmod |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 excused | aux:pass |
| 21 | excused | excuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 disregarding | parataxis |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 plea | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 plea | det |
| 24 | plea | plea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 excused | obl |
| 25 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 ignorance | case |
| 26 | ignorance | ignorance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 plea | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 known | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | past | this | the usual procedure | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | know | past · passive | That | well property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hook | to-infinitive | vn coil-9.6-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | disregard | gerund | procedure | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||||
| 5 | not excuse | can · passive | he | the plea of ignorance | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/plea/