ploughshare Who acts: plough, They, picture, farmer, statue, man · What happens: cut, beat, be, make, sharpen, show · To what, where: swords, ploughshares, picture, weapons, farm tools, ploughshare
«ploughshare» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: ploughshare in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 The sharp metal blade of a plough that cuts into the soil.
det amod compound case det nmod nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root The DET sharp ADJ metal NOUN blade NOUN of ADP a DET plough NOUN that PRON cuts VERB into ADP the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 blade det 2 sharp sharp ADJ Degree=Pos 4 blade amod 3 metal metal NOUN Number=Sing 4 blade compound 4 blade blade NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 of of ADP _ 7 plough case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 plough det 7 plough plough NOUN Number=Sing 4 blade nmod 8 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 cuts nsubj 9 cuts cut VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 plough acl:relcl 10 into into ADP _ 12 soil case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 soil det 12 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 9 cuts obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 blade punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut present a plough into the soil vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent into soil=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.
«They shall beat their swords into ploughshares» (Isaiah and Micah) is a picture of peace: weapons are made into farm tools.
The tree, 21 words punct nsubj aux nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct punct nsubj cc conj punct cop det case nmod punct nsubj:pass aux:pass acl case compound obl punct root « PUNCT They PRON shall AUX beat VERB their PRON swords NOUN into ADP ploughshares NOUN » PUNCT ( PUNCT Isaiah PROPN and CCONJ Micah PROPN ) PUNCT is AUX a DET picture NOUN of ADP peace NOUN : PUNCT weapons NOUN are AUX made VERB into ADP farm NOUN tools NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 beat punct 2 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 beat nsubj 3 shall shall AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 beat aux 4 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 picture nsubj 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 swords nmod:poss 6 swords sword NOUN Number=Plur 4 beat obj 7 into into ADP _ 8 ploughshares case 8 ploughshares ploughshare NOUN Number=Plur 4 beat obl 9 » » PUNCT _ 4 beat punct 10 ( ( PUNCT _ 11 Isaiah punct 11 Isaiah Isaiah PROPN Number=Sing 17 picture nsubj 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 Micah cc 13 Micah Micah PROPN Number=Sing 11 Isaiah conj 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 11 Isaiah punct 15 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 picture cop 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 picture det 17 picture picture NOUN Number=Sing root root 18 of of ADP _ 19 peace case 19 peace peace NOUN Number=Sing 17 picture nmod 20 : : PUNCT _ 23 made punct 21 weapons weapon NOUN Number=Plur 23 made nsubj:pass 22 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 made aux:pass 23 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 17 picture acl 24 into into ADP _ 26 tools case 25 farm farm NOUN Number=Sing 26 tools compound 26 tools tool NOUN Number=Plur 23 made obl 27 . . PUNCT _ 17 picture punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat in a quote shall They their swords ploughshares vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sword=Patient into ploughshare=Recipient 2 is a present a picture of peace tree rules 3 make present · passive a picture not said here weapons farm tools vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into tool=Product
Example 1 «They shall beat their swords into ploughshares.»
punct nsubj aux nmod:poss obj case obl punct punct root « PUNCT They PRON shall AUX beat VERB their PRON swords NOUN into ADP ploughshares NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 beat punct 2 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 beat nsubj 3 shall shall AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 beat aux 4 beat beat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 swords nmod:poss 6 swords sword NOUN Number=Plur 4 beat obj 7 into into ADP _ 8 ploughshares case 8 ploughshares ploughshare NOUN Number=Plur 4 beat obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 beat punct 10 » » PUNCT _ 4 beat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 beat in a quote shall They their swords ploughshares vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sword=Patient into ploughshare=Recipient
Example 2 The farmer sharpened the ploughshare before spring.
det nsubj det obj case obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN sharpened VERB the DET ploughshare NOUN before ADP spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 3 sharpened nsubj 3 sharpened sharpen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ploughshare det 5 ploughshare ploughshare NOUN Number=Sing 3 sharpened obj 6 before before ADP _ 7 spring case 7 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 3 sharpened obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 sharpened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sharpen past the farmer the ploughshare spring vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent ploughshare=Patient
Example 3 A statue outside the United Nations shows a man beating a sword into a ploughshare.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj case det compound nmod det obj acl det obj case det obl punct root A DET statue NOUN outside ADP the DET United PROPN Nations PROPN shows VERB a DET man NOUN beating VERB a DET sword NOUN into ADP a DET ploughshare NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 statue det 2 statue statue NOUN Number=Sing 7 shows nsubj 3 outside outside ADP _ 6 Nations case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 Nations det 5 United United PROPN _ 6 Nations compound 6 Nations Nation PROPN Number=Plur 2 statue nmod 7 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 man det 9 man man NOUN Number=Sing 7 shows obj 10 beating beat VERB VerbForm=Ger 9 man acl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 sword det 12 sword sword NOUN Number=Sing 10 beating obj 13 into into ADP _ 15 ploughshare case 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 15 ploughshare det 15 ploughshare ploughshare NOUN Number=Sing 10 beating obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 7 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 show present a statue outside the United Nations a man vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent man=Recipient 2 beat gerund a man not said here a sword a ploughshare vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent sword=Patient into ploughshare=Recipient
Example 4 The ploughshare cut deep into the soil.
det acl advmod case det obl punct root The DET ploughshare NOUN cut VERB deep ADV into ADP the DET soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ploughshare det 2 ploughshare ploughshare NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 cut cut VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 ploughshare acl 4 deep deep ADV _ 3 cut advmod 5 into into ADP _ 7 soil case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 soil det 7 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 3 cut obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 ploughshare punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cut participle the ploughshare not said here into the soil; deep property vn cut-21.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent into soil=Patient
Example 5 The prophets dreamed of a time when weapons become ploughshares.
det nsubj case det obl advmod nsubj advcl xcomp punct root The DET prophets NOUN dreamed VERB of ADP a DET time NOUN when ADV weapons NOUN become VERB ploughshares NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 prophets det 2 prophets prophet NOUN Number=Plur 3 dreamed nsubj 3 dreamed dream VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 time case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 time det 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 3 dreamed obl 7 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 become advmod 8 weapons weapon NOUN Number=Plur 9 become nsubj 9 become become VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 dreamed advcl 10 ploughshares ploughshare NOUN Number=Plur 9 become xcomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 dreamed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dream past the prophets time vn cognize-85 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent 2 become present weapons ploughshares vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Example 6 Old ploughshares were made of iron.
amod nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root Old ADJ ploughshares NOUN were AUX made VERB of ADP iron NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Old old ADJ Degree=Pos 2 ploughshares amod 2 ploughshares ploughshare NOUN Number=Plur 4 made nsubj:pass 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 made aux:pass 4 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 of of ADP _ 6 iron case 6 iron iron NOUN Number=Sing 4 made obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past · passive Old ploughshares of iron vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 7 They never knew when they were safe from him, as he could change himself into a man, woman or child, a stick, a goat, a ploughshare.
The tree, 26 words nsubj advmod mark nsubj cop ccomp case obl punct mark nsubj aux conj obj case det obl punct conj cc conj punct det conj punct det conj punct det conj punct root They PRON never ADV knew VERB when SCONJ they PRON were AUX safe ADJ from ADP him PRON , PUNCT as SCONJ he PRON could AUX change VERB himself PRON into ADP a DET man NOUN , PUNCT woman NOUN or CCONJ child NOUN , PUNCT a DET stick NOUN , PUNCT a DET goat NOUN , PUNCT a DET ploughshare NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 They they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 knew nsubj 2 never never ADV PronType=Neg 3 knew advmod 3 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 when when SCONJ _ 7 safe mark 5 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 safe nsubj 6 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 safe cop 7 safe safe ADJ Degree=Pos 3 knew ccomp 8 from from ADP _ 9 him case 9 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 safe obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 change punct 11 as as SCONJ _ 14 change mark 12 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 change nsubj 13 could could AUX VerbForm=Fin 14 change aux 14 change change VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 knew conj 15 himself himself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 14 change obj 16 into into ADP _ 18 man case 17 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 man det 18 man man NOUN Number=Sing 14 change obl 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 woman punct 20 woman woman NOUN Number=Sing 18 man conj 21 or or CCONJ _ 22 child cc 22 child child NOUN Number=Sing 18 man conj 23 , , PUNCT _ 25 stick punct 24 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 25 stick det 25 stick stick NOUN Number=Sing 18 man conj 26 , , PUNCT _ 28 goat punct 27 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 goat det 28 goat goat NOUN Number=Sing 25 stick conj 29 , , PUNCT _ 31 ploughshare punct 30 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 31 ploughshare det 31 ploughshare ploughshare NOUN Number=Sing 25 stick conj 32 . . PUNCT _ 3 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not know past They vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 2 is past they from him = he ; safe property tree rules 3 change could he himself = he into a man and woman or child and a stick and a goat and a ploughshare result vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent himself=Patient into man=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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