plural Who acts: Plural, cats, it, many kinds, Sheep, you · What happens: mean, be, take, have, live together, add · To what, where: one, plural, form, many kinds, mice, singular · Speech: someone speaks here
«plural» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: plural in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Plural means more than one: «cats» is the plural of «cat».
The tree, 11 words nsubj advmod fixed obj punct punct nsubj punct cop det appos case punct nmod punct punct root Plural NOUN means VERB more ADJ than ADP one NUM : PUNCT « PUNCT cats NOUN » PUNCT is AUX the DET plural NOUN of ADP « PUNCT cat NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 5 one advmod 4 than than ADP _ 3 more fixed 5 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 means obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 12 plural punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 cats punct 8 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 12 plural nsubj 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 cats punct 10 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 plural cop 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 plural det 12 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 5 one appos 13 of of ADP _ 15 cat case 14 « « PUNCT _ 15 cat punct 15 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 12 plural nmod 16 » » PUNCT _ 12 plural punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present Plural one vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic 2 is a present cats the plural of cat tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 The plural of a word is the form it takes when it means more than one.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj case det nmod cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark nsubj advcl advmod fixed obj punct root The DET plural NOUN of ADP a DET word NOUN is AUX the DET form NOUN it PRON takes VERB when SCONJ it PRON means VERB more ADJ than ADP one NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plural det 2 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 8 form nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 word case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 word det 5 word word NOUN Number=Sing 2 plural nmod 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 form cop 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 form det 8 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 takes nsubj 10 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 form acl:relcl 11 when when SCONJ _ 13 means mark 12 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 means nsubj 13 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 takes advcl 14 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV 16 one advmod 15 than than ADP _ 14 more fixed 16 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 13 means obj 17 . . PUNCT _ 8 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the plural of a word the form tree rules 2 take present it the form not said here vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent form=Theme 3 mean present plural one vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Topic
Meaning 3 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
Plural can also mean having many kinds or groups living together, as in «a plural society».
The tree, 16 words nsubj aux advmod xcomp amod obj cc conj acl advmod punct mark case punct det amod parataxis punct punct root Plural NOUN can AUX also ADV mean VERB having VERB many ADJ kinds NOUN or CCONJ groups NOUN living VERB together ADV , PUNCT as SCONJ in ADP « PUNCT a DET plural ADJ society NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 having have VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 mean xcomp 6 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 7 kinds amod 7 kinds kind NOUN Number=Plur 5 having obj 8 or or CCONJ _ 9 groups cc 9 groups group NOUN Number=Plur 7 kinds conj 10 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 kinds acl 11 together together ADV _ 10 living advmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 18 society punct 13 as as SCONJ _ 18 society mark 14 in in ADP _ 18 society case 15 « « PUNCT _ 18 society punct 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 society det 17 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 18 society amod 18 society society NOUN Number=Sing 4 mean parataxis 19 » » PUNCT _ 18 society punct 20 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean can Plural vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 have not said to happen gerund Plural not said here many kinds or groups vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Patient 3 live together gerund many kinds or groups not said here together property vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 1 «Cats» is the plural of «cat».
punct nsubj punct cop det case punct nmod punct punct root « PUNCT Cats NOUN » PUNCT is AUX the DET plural NOUN of ADP « PUNCT cat NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Cats punct 2 Cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 6 plural nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Cats punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 plural cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 plural det 6 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 9 cat case 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 cat punct 9 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 6 plural nmod 10 » » PUNCT _ 6 plural punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 6 plural punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Cats the plural of cat tree rules
Example 2 What is the plural of «mouse»? It is «mice».
Sentence 1: What is the plural of «mouse»?
cop det nsubj case punct nmod punct punct root What PRON is AUX the DET plural NOUN of ADP « PUNCT mouse NOUN » PUNCT ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 What what PRON PronType=Int root root 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 What cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 plural det 4 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 1 What nsubj 5 of of ADP _ 7 mouse case 6 « « PUNCT _ 7 mouse punct 7 mouse mouse NOUN Number=Sing 4 plural nmod 8 » » PUNCT _ 7 mouse punct 9 ? ? PUNCT _ 1 What punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the plural of mouse tree rules
Sentence 2: It is «mice».
nsubj cop punct punct punct root It PRON is AUX « PUNCT mice NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 mice nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 mice cop 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 mice punct 4 mice mouse NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 mice punct 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 mice punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present plural mice tree rules
Example 3 «Sheep» is the same in the singular and the plural.
punct nsubj punct cop det case det obl cc det conj punct root « PUNCT Sheep NOUN » PUNCT is AUX the DET same ADJ in ADP the DET singular ADJ and CCONJ the DET plural NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Sheep punct 2 Sheep sheep NOUN Number=Plur 6 same nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Sheep punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 same cop 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 same det 6 same same ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 in in ADP _ 9 singular case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 singular det 9 singular singular ADJ Degree=Pos 6 same obl 10 and and CCONJ _ 12 plural cc 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 plural det 12 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 6 same conj 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 same punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Sheep the singular same property tree rules
Example 4 Add «-es» to make the plural of «box».
punct punct obj punct mark advcl det obj case punct nmod punct punct root Add VERB « PUNCT - PUNCT es NOUN » PUNCT to PART make VERB the DET plural NOUN of ADP « PUNCT box NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Add add VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 « « PUNCT _ 4 es punct 3 - - PUNCT _ 4 es punct 4 es e NOUN Number=Plur 1 Add obj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 es punct 6 to to PART _ 7 make mark 7 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Add advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 plural det 9 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 7 make obj 10 of of ADP _ 12 box case 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 box punct 12 box box NOUN Number=Sing 9 plural nmod 13 » » PUNCT _ 12 box punct 14 . . PUNCT _ 1 Add punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 add speech: assert imperative you not said here es vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent e=Patient 2 make to-infinitive you not said here the plural of box vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset plural=Product
Example 5 «We» and «they» are plural pronouns.
punct nsubj punct cc punct nsubj punct cop amod punct root « PUNCT We PRON » PUNCT and CCONJ « PUNCT they PRON » PUNCT are AUX plural ADJ pronouns NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 We punct 2 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 10 pronouns nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 We punct 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 they cc 5 « « PUNCT _ 6 they punct 6 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 pronouns nsubj 7 » » PUNCT _ 6 they punct 8 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 pronouns cop 9 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 10 pronouns amod 10 pronouns pronoun NOUN Number=Plur root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 pronouns punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present We plural pronouns tree rules
Example 6 The plural of «baby» is «babies».
det nsubj case punct nmod punct cop punct punct punct root The DET plural NOUN of ADP « PUNCT baby NOUN » PUNCT is AUX « PUNCT babies NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 plural det 2 plural plural NOUN Number=Sing 9 babies nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 baby case 4 « « PUNCT _ 5 baby punct 5 baby baby NOUN Number=Sing 2 plural nmod 6 » » PUNCT _ 5 baby punct 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 babies cop 8 « « PUNCT _ 9 babies punct 9 babies baby NOUN Number=Plur root root 10 » » PUNCT _ 9 babies punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 9 babies punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a in a quote present the plural of baby babies tree rules
Example 7 Use a plural verb with a plural subject: «The dogs bark».
The tree, 11 words det amod obj case det amod obl punct punct det nsubj parataxis punct punct root Use VERB a DET plural ADJ verb NOUN with ADP a DET plural ADJ subject NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT The DET dogs NOUN bark VERB » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Use use VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 verb det 3 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 4 verb amod 4 verb verb NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obj 5 with with ADP _ 8 subject case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 subject det 7 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 8 subject amod 8 subject subject NOUN Number=Sing 1 Use obl 9 : : PUNCT _ 13 bark punct 10 « « PUNCT _ 13 bark punct 11 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 dogs det 12 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 13 bark nsubj 13 bark bark VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Use parataxis 14 » » PUNCT _ 13 bark punct 15 . . PUNCT _ 1 Use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use imperative you not said here a plural verb with a plural subject vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent verb=Theme clause=Eventuality 2 bark in a quote present the dogs vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 8 The word «scissors» is always plural.
det nsubj punct appos punct cop advmod punct root The DET word NOUN « PUNCT scissors NOUN » PUNCT is AUX always ADV plural ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 word det 2 word word NOUN Number=Sing 8 plural nsubj 3 « « PUNCT _ 4 scissors punct 4 scissors scissors NOUN Number=Plur 2 word appos 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 scissors punct 6 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 plural cop 7 always always ADV PronType=Tot 8 plural advmod 8 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 plural punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present the word always, plural property tree rules
Example 9 [The word terem (plural terema) which occurs twice in this story (rendered the second time by "chamber") deserves a special notice.
The tree, 21 words punct det compound nsubj punct amod appos punct nsubj acl:relcl advmod case det obl punct parataxis det amod obj case punct obl punct punct det amod obj punct root [ PUNCT The DET word NOUN terem NOUN ( PUNCT plural ADJ terema NOUN ) PUNCT which PRON occurs VERB twice ADV in ADP this DET story NOUN ( PUNCT rendered VERB the DET second ADJ time NOUN by ADP " PUNCT chamber NOUN " PUNCT ) PUNCT deserves VERB a DET special ADJ notice NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 [ [ PUNCT _ 25 deserves punct 2 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 terem det 3 word word NOUN Number=Sing 4 terem compound 4 terem terem NOUN Number=Sing 25 deserves nsubj 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 terema punct 6 plural plural ADJ Degree=Pos 7 terema amod 7 terema terema NOUN Number=Sing 4 terem appos 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 terema punct 9 which which PRON PronType=Rel 10 occurs nsubj 10 occurs occur VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 terem acl:relcl 11 twice twice ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 10 occurs advmod 12 in in ADP _ 14 story case 13 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 14 story det 14 story story NOUN Number=Sing 10 occurs obl 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 rendered punct 16 rendered render VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 occurs parataxis 17 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 time det 18 second second ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 19 time amod 19 time time NOUN Number=Sing 16 rendered obj 20 by by ADP _ 22 chamber case 21 " " PUNCT _ 22 chamber punct 22 chamber chamber NOUN Number=Sing 16 rendered obl 23 " " PUNCT _ 16 rendered punct 24 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 occurs punct 25 deserves deserve VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 notice det 27 special special ADJ Degree=Pos 28 notice amod 28 notice notice NOUN Number=Sing 25 deserves obj 29 . . PUNCT _ 25 deserves punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 occur present the word terem this story twice property vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in story=Location 2 render past time by chamber vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent 3 deserve present the word terem a special notice tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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