pollute Who acts: Cars, you, Plastic bags, Polluted water, we, Smoke · What happens: pollute, be, add, not pollute, fine, make · To what, where: waste, air, river, ocean, factory, lake
«pollute» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pollute in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To pollute is to make air, water or land dirty and harmful by adding waste, smoke or chemicals.
The tree, 18 words mark csubj cop mark obj punct conj cc conj xcomp cc conj mark advcl obj punct conj cc conj punct root To PART pollute VERB is AUX to PART make VERB air NOUN , PUNCT water NOUN or CCONJ land NOUN dirty ADJ and CCONJ harmful ADJ by SCONJ adding VERB waste NOUN , PUNCT smoke NOUN or CCONJ chemicals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 pollute mark 2 pollute pollute VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 make csubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 make cop 4 to to PART _ 5 make mark 5 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 air air NOUN Number=Sing 5 make obj 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 water punct 8 water water NOUN Number=Sing 6 air conj 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 land cc 10 land land NOUN Number=Sing 6 air conj 11 dirty dirty ADJ Degree=Pos 5 make xcomp 12 and and CCONJ _ 13 harmful cc 13 harmful harmful ADJ Degree=Pos 11 dirty conj 14 by by SCONJ _ 15 adding mark 15 adding add VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 harmful advcl 16 waste waste NOUN Number=Sing 15 adding obj 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 smoke punct 18 smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 16 waste conj 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 chemicals cc 20 chemicals chemical NOUN Number=Plur 16 waste conj 21 . . PUNCT _ 5 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pollute to-infinitive tree rules 2 is present dirty, make property tree rules 3 add speech: assert gerund waste and smoke or chemicals vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent waste=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Cars pollute the air with fumes.
nsubj det obj case obl punct root Cars NOUN pollute VERB the DET air NOUN with ADP fumes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cars car NOUN Number=Plur 2 pollute nsubj 2 pollute pollute VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 air det 4 air air NOUN Number=Sing 2 pollute obj 5 with with ADP _ 6 fumes case 6 fumes fume NOUN Number=Plur 2 pollute obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 pollute punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pollute present Cars the air with fumes tree rules
Example 2 Do not pollute the river with rubbish.
aux advmod det obj case obl punct root Do AUX not PART pollute VERB the DET river NOUN with ADP rubbish NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 pollute aux 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 pollute advmod 3 pollute pollute VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 river det 5 river river NOUN Number=Sing 3 pollute obj 6 with with ADP _ 7 rubbish case 7 rubbish rubbish NOUN Number=Sing 3 pollute obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 pollute punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not pollute imperative · do-support you not said here the river with rubbish tree rules
Example 3 Plastic bags pollute the ocean.
compound nsubj det obj punct root Plastic NOUN bags NOUN pollute VERB the DET ocean NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 2 bags compound 2 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 3 pollute nsubj 3 pollute pollute VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 ocean det 5 ocean ocean NOUN Number=Sing 3 pollute obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 pollute punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pollute present Plastic bags the ocean tree rules
Example 4 The factory was fined for polluting the lake.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass mark advcl det obj punct root The DET factory NOUN was AUX fined VERB for SCONJ polluting VERB the DET lake NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 factory det 2 factory factory NOUN Number=Sing 4 fined nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 fined aux:pass 4 fined fine VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 for for SCONJ _ 6 polluting mark 6 polluting pollute VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 fined advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 lake det 8 lake lake NOUN Number=Sing 6 polluting obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 fined punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 fine past · passive the factory vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient 2 pollute gerund the lake tree rules
Example 5 Polluted water can make animals ill.
amod nsubj aux obj xcomp punct root Polluted VERB water NOUN can AUX make VERB animals NOUN ill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Polluted pollute VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 water amod 2 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 make nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 make aux 4 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 4 make obj 6 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 4 make xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pollute participle tree rules 2 make can Polluted water animals ill property vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset animal=Product
Example 6 How can we pollute less?
advmod aux nsubj advmod punct root How ADV can AUX we PRON pollute VERB less ADV ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 4 pollute advmod 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 pollute aux 3 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 pollute nsubj 4 pollute pollute VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 less less ADV Degree=Cmp 4 pollute advmod 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 4 pollute punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pollute can we less property tree rules
Example 7 Smoke from fires pollutes the air.
nsubj case nmod det obj punct root Smoke NOUN from ADP fires NOUN pollutes VERB the DET air NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Smoke smoke NOUN Number=Sing 4 pollutes nsubj 2 from from ADP _ 3 fires case 3 fires fire NOUN Number=Plur 1 Smoke nmod 4 pollutes pollute VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 air det 6 air air NOUN Number=Sing 4 pollutes obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 pollutes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pollute present Smoke from fires the air tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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