polymer Who acts: polymer, many small units, Plastics, Plastic, We, slime · What happens: be, make, build, call, join, come · To what, where: substance, long like molecules, many small units, monomers, polymers, many natural things · Speech: someone speaks here
«polymer» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: polymer in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
A polymer is a substance made of very long chain-like molecules, built from many small units (called monomers) joined together.
The tree, 21 words det nsubj cop det acl case advmod amod compound punct amod obl punct acl case amod amod obl punct acl xcomp punct xcomp advmod punct root A DET polymer NOUN is AUX a DET substance NOUN made VERB of ADP very ADV long ADJ chain NOUN - PUNCT like ADJ molecules NOUN , PUNCT built VERB from ADP many ADJ small ADJ units NOUN ( PUNCT called VERB monomers NOUN ) PUNCT joined VERB together ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 polymer det 2 polymer polymer NOUN Number=Sing 5 substance nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 substance cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 substance det 5 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 substance acl 7 of of ADP _ 13 molecules case 8 very very ADV _ 9 long advmod 9 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 13 molecules amod 10 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 12 like compound 11 - - PUNCT _ 10 chain punct 12 like like ADJ Degree=Pos 13 molecules amod 13 molecules molecule NOUN Number=Plur 6 made obl 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 built punct 15 built build VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 13 molecules acl 16 from from ADP _ 19 units case 17 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 19 units amod 18 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 19 units amod 19 units unit NOUN Number=Plur 15 built obl 20 ( ( PUNCT _ 21 called punct 21 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 19 units acl 22 monomers monomer NOUN Number=Plur 21 called xcomp 23 ) ) PUNCT _ 21 called punct 24 joined join VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 21 called xcomp 25 together together ADV _ 24 joined advmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 5 substance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a polymer a substance tree rules 2 make participle a substance not said here of long like molecules vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset 3 build participle long like molecules not said here many small units vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from unit=Material 4 call participle many small units not said here monomers vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 join participle many small units not said here together property vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Plastics are polymers, but so are many natural things such as rubber, wool, silk, starch and the DNA in our cells.
The tree, 21 words nsubj cop punct cc advmod cop amod amod nmod case fixed nmod punct conj punct conj punct conj cc det conj case nmod:poss nmod punct root Plastics NOUN are AUX polymers NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ so ADV are AUX many ADJ natural ADJ things NOUN such ADJ as ADP rubber NOUN , PUNCT wool NOUN , PUNCT silk NOUN , PUNCT starch NOUN and CCONJ the DET DNA NOUN in ADP our PRON cells NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plastics plastic NOUN Number=Plur 3 polymers nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 polymers cop 3 polymers polymer NOUN Number=Plur root root 4 , , PUNCT _ 10 things punct 5 but but CCONJ _ 10 things cc 6 so so ADV _ 10 things advmod 7 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 things cop 8 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 9 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 10 things amod 10 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 3 polymers nmod 11 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 13 rubber case 12 as as ADP _ 11 such fixed 13 rubber rubber NOUN Number=Sing 10 things nmod 14 , , PUNCT _ 15 wool punct 15 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 13 rubber conj 16 , , PUNCT _ 17 silk punct 17 silk silk NOUN Number=Sing 13 rubber conj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 starch punct 19 starch starch NOUN Number=Sing 13 rubber conj 20 and and CCONJ _ 22 DNA cc 21 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 22 DNA det 22 DNA DNA NOUN Number=Sing 13 rubber conj 23 in in ADP _ 25 cells case 24 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 25 cells nmod:poss 25 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 22 DNA nmod 26 . . PUNCT _ 3 polymers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Plastics polymers tree rules 2 is a present many natural things such rubber and wool and silk and starch and the DNA in our cells tree rules
Example 1 Plastic is a polymer made from many small molecules joined in a chain.
nsubj cop det acl case amod amod obl acl case det obl punct root Plastic NOUN is AUX a DET polymer NOUN made VERB from ADP many ADJ small ADJ molecules NOUN joined VERB in ADP a DET chain NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plastic plastic NOUN Number=Sing 4 polymer nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 polymer cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 polymer det 4 polymer polymer NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 polymer acl 6 from from ADP _ 9 molecules case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 9 molecules amod 8 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 molecules amod 9 molecules molecule NOUN Number=Plur 5 made obl 10 joined join VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 molecules acl 11 in in ADP _ 13 chain case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 chain det 13 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 10 joined obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 polymer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Plastic a polymer tree rules 2 make participle a polymer not said here many small molecules vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from molecule=Material 3 join participle many small molecules not said here in a chain vn cooperate-73.1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in chain=Theme
Example 2 We made slime in class, and it is a kind of polymer.
nsubj obj case obl punct cc nsubj cop det conj case nmod punct root We PRON made VERB slime NOUN in ADP class NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ it PRON is AUX a DET kind NOUN of ADP polymer NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 slime slime NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obj 4 in in ADP _ 5 class case 5 class class NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 6 , , PUNCT _ 11 kind punct 7 and and CCONJ _ 11 kind cc 8 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 11 kind nsubj 9 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 kind cop 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 kind det 11 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 2 made conj 12 of of ADP _ 13 polymer case 13 polymer polymer NOUN Number=Sing 11 kind nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past We slime class vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slime=Product 2 is a present slime a kind of polymer tree rules
Example 3 Rubber is a natural polymer that comes from trees.
nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl case obl punct root Rubber NOUN is AUX a DET natural ADJ polymer NOUN that PRON comes VERB from ADP trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rubber rubber NOUN Number=Sing 5 polymer nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 polymer cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 polymer det 4 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 5 polymer amod 5 polymer polymer NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 that that PRON PronType=Rel 7 comes nsubj 7 comes come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 polymer acl:relcl 8 from from ADP _ 9 trees case 9 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 7 comes obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 polymer punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Rubber a natural polymer tree rules 2 come present a natural polymer trees vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from tree=Initial_Location
Example 4 Australian and British banknotes are made of polymer, not paper.
amod cc conj nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct advmod appos punct root Australian ADJ and CCONJ British ADJ banknotes NOUN are AUX made VERB of ADP polymer NOUN , PUNCT not PART paper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Australian Australian ADJ Degree=Pos 4 banknotes amod 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 British cc 3 British British ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Australian conj 4 banknotes banknote NOUN Number=Plur 6 made nsubj:pass 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 made aux:pass 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 polymer case 8 polymer polymer NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 paper punct 10 not not PART Polarity=Neg 11 paper advmod 11 paper paper NOUN Number=Sing 8 polymer appos 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Australian banknotes of polymer vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product
Example 5 Silk and wool are natural polymers made by animals.
nsubj cc conj cop amod acl case obl:agent punct root Silk NOUN and CCONJ wool NOUN are AUX natural ADJ polymers NOUN made VERB by ADP animals NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Silk silk NOUN Number=Sing 6 polymers nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 wool cc 3 wool wool NOUN Number=Sing 1 Silk conj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 polymers cop 5 natural natural ADJ Degree=Pos 6 polymers amod 6 polymers polymer NOUN Number=Plur root root 7 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 polymers acl 8 by by ADP _ 9 animals case 9 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 7 made obl:agent 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 polymers punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Silk and wool natural polymers tree rules 2 make participle natural polymers not said here vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
Example 6 Some polymers take hundreds of years to break down.
det nsubj obj case nmod mark advcl compound:prt punct root Some DET polymers NOUN take VERB hundreds NOUN of ADP years NOUN to PART break VERB down ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Some some DET PronType=Ind 2 polymers det 2 polymers polymer NOUN Number=Plur 3 take nsubj 3 take take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 hundreds hundred NOUN Number=Plur 3 take obj 5 of of ADP _ 6 years case 6 years year NOUN Number=Plur 4 hundreds nmod 7 to to PART _ 8 break mark 8 break break VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 take advcl 9 down down ADP _ 8 break compound:prt 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take present some polymers hundreds of years vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hundred=Theme 2 break down to-infinitive some polymers not said here vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 A polymer chain is like a long string of beads.
det compound nsubj cop case det amod case nmod punct root A DET polymer NOUN chain NOUN is AUX like ADP a DET long ADJ string NOUN of ADP beads NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 chain det 2 polymer polymer NOUN Number=Sing 3 chain compound 3 chain chain NOUN Number=Sing 8 string nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 string cop 5 like like ADP _ 8 string case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 string det 7 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 8 string amod 8 string string NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 of of ADP _ 10 beads case 10 beads bead NOUN Number=Plur 8 string nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 8 string punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a polymer chain like a long string; of beads tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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