precaution Who acts: precaution, you, We, Wearing, school, Washing · What happens: be, do, stop, happen, wear, take · To what, where: something, advance, goggles, umbrella, helmet, sensible precaution
«precaution» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: precaution in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A precaution is something you do in advance to stop something bad or dangerous from happening.
The tree, 16 words det nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl case obl mark advcl obj amod cc conj mark advcl punct root A DET precaution NOUN is AUX something PRON you PRON do VERB in ADP advance NOUN to PART stop VERB something PRON bad ADJ or CCONJ dangerous ADJ from SCONJ happening VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 precaution det 2 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing 4 something nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something cop 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind root root 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 do nsubj 6 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 something acl:relcl 7 in in ADP _ 8 advance case 8 advance advance NOUN Number=Sing 6 do obl 9 to to PART _ 10 stop mark 10 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 do advcl 11 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 10 stop obj 12 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 11 something amod 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 dangerous cc 14 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 12 bad conj 15 from from SCONJ _ 16 happening mark 16 happening happen VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 14 dangerous advcl 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 something punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a precaution something tree rules 2 do present you advance vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 stop to-infinitive you not said here something vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality something=Eventuality 4 happen gerund you not said here vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 Wear goggles as a precaution in the science lab.
obj case det obl case det compound nmod punct root Wear VERB goggles NOUN as ADP a DET precaution NOUN in ADP the DET science NOUN lab NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wear wear VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 goggles goggle NOUN Number=Plur 1 Wear obj 3 as as ADP _ 5 precaution case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 precaution det 5 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wear obl 6 in in ADP _ 9 lab case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 lab det 8 science science NOUN Number=Sing 9 lab compound 9 lab lab NOUN Number=Sing 5 precaution nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 1 Wear punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear imperative you not said here goggles as a precaution in the science lab vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent goggle=Source
Example 2 We took an umbrella as a precaution.
nsubj det obj case det obl punct root We PRON took VERB an DET umbrella NOUN as ADP a DET precaution NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 umbrella det 4 umbrella umbrella NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 5 as as ADP _ 7 precaution case 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 precaution det 7 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past We a umbrella as a precaution vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent umbrella=Theme as precaution=Attribute
Example 3 Wearing a helmet is a sensible precaution when cycling.
csubj det obj cop det amod advmod acl punct root Wearing VERB a DET helmet NOUN is AUX a DET sensible ADJ precaution NOUN when ADV cycling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Wearing wear VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 precaution csubj 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 helmet det 3 helmet helmet NOUN Number=Sing 1 Wearing obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 precaution cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 precaution det 6 sensible sensible ADJ Degree=Pos 7 precaution amod 7 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 when when ADV PronType=Int 9 cycling advmod 9 cycling cycle VERB VerbForm=Ger 7 precaution acl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 precaution punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear gerund a helmet vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent helmet=Theme 2 is a present Wearing a sensible precaution tree rules 3 cycle gerund vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme
Example 4 The school practises fire drills as a safety precaution.
det nsubj compound obj case det compound obl punct root The DET school NOUN practises VERB fire NOUN drills NOUN as ADP a DET safety NOUN precaution NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 school det 2 school school NOUN Number=Sing 3 practises nsubj 3 practises practise VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 5 drills compound 5 drills drill NOUN Number=Plur 3 practises obj 6 as as ADP _ 9 precaution case 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 precaution det 8 safety safety NOUN Number=Sing 9 precaution compound 9 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing 3 practises obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 practises punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 practise present the school fire drills as a safety precaution tree rules
Example 5 As a precaution, the beach was closed during the storm.
case det obl punct det nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl punct root As ADP a DET precaution NOUN , PUNCT the DET beach NOUN was AUX closed VERB during ADP the DET storm NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 precaution case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 precaution det 3 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing 8 closed obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 precaution punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 beach det 6 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 8 closed nsubj:pass 7 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 closed aux:pass 8 closed close VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 during during ADP _ 11 storm case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 storm det 11 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 8 closed obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 8 closed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 close past · passive the beach during the storm as a precaution vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 6 Washing hands is a simple precaution against germs.
csubj obj cop det amod case nmod punct root Washing VERB hands NOUN is AUX a DET simple ADJ precaution NOUN against ADP germs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Washing wash VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 precaution csubj 2 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 1 Washing obj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 precaution cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 precaution det 5 simple simple ADJ Degree=Pos 6 precaution amod 6 precaution precaution NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 against against ADP _ 8 germs case 8 germs germ NOUN Number=Plur 6 precaution nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 precaution punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wash gerund hands vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient 2 is a present Washing a simple precaution against germs tree rules
Example 7 Take all safety precautions before using the oven.
det compound obj mark advcl det obj punct root Take VERB all DET safety NOUN precautions NOUN before SCONJ using VERB the DET oven NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Take take VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 all all DET PronType=Tot 4 precautions det 3 safety safety NOUN Number=Sing 4 precautions compound 4 precautions precaution NOUN Number=Plur 1 Take obj 5 before before SCONJ _ 6 using mark 6 using use VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Take advcl 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 oven det 8 oven oven NOUN Number=Sing 6 using obj 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Take punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take imperative you not said here all safety precautions vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent precaution=Theme 2 use gerund you not said here the oven vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oven=Patient
Example 8 He knew very well what that meant; but he had taken his precautions and was not afraid.
The tree, 17 words nsubj advmod advmod obj nsubj acl:relcl punct cc nsubj aux parataxis nmod:poss obj cc cop advmod conj punct root He PRON knew VERB very ADV well ADV what PRON that PRON meant VERB ; PUNCT but CCONJ he PRON had AUX taken VERB his PRON precautions NOUN and CCONJ was AUX not PART afraid ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 knew nsubj 2 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 very very ADV _ 4 well advmod 4 well well ADV Degree=Pos 5 what advmod 5 what what PRON PronType=Int 2 knew obj 6 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 meant nsubj 7 meant mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 what acl:relcl 8 ; ; PUNCT _ 12 taken punct 9 but but CCONJ _ 12 taken cc 10 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 taken nsubj 11 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 taken aux 12 taken take VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 2 knew parataxis 13 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 precautions nmod:poss 14 precautions precaution NOUN Number=Plur 12 taken obj 15 and and CCONJ _ 18 afraid cc 16 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 afraid cop 17 not not PART Polarity=Neg 18 afraid advmod 18 afraid afraid ADJ Degree=Pos 12 taken conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 knew punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 know past He vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus 2 mean past vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 3 take past · perfect he his precautions vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent precaution=Theme 4 not is past he not said here afraid property tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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