preen Who acts: person, yourself, swan, Ducks, brother, parrot · What happens: clean, tidy, joke, disapprove, spend, make · To what, where: feathers, lot, yourself, pride, something, white feathers
«preen» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: preen in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Of a bird: to clean and tidy its feathers with its beak.
case det obl punct mark cc conj nmod:poss obj case nmod:poss obl punct root Of ADP a DET bird NOUN : PUNCT to PART clean VERB and CCONJ tidy VERB its PRON feathers NOUN with ADP its PRON beak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 bird case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 bird det 3 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 6 clean obl 4 : : PUNCT _ 6 clean punct 5 to to PART _ 6 clean mark 6 clean clean VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 tidy cc 8 tidy tidy VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 6 clean conj 9 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 feathers nmod:poss 10 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 8 tidy obj 11 with with ADP _ 13 beak case 12 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 13 beak nmod:poss 13 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 8 tidy obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 6 clean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 clean to-infinitive of a bird vn clear-10.3 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent of bird=Source 2 tidy infinitive bird's feathers with bird's beak tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Of a person (often joking or disapproving): to spend a lot of time making yourself look nice.
The tree, 17 words case det punct advmod acl cc conj punct punct mark conj det obj case nmod advcl obj xcomp xcomp punct root Of ADP a DET person NOUN ( PUNCT often ADV joking VERB or CCONJ disapproving VERB ) PUNCT : PUNCT to PART spend VERB a DET lot NOUN of ADP time NOUN making VERB yourself PRON look VERB nice ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Of of ADP _ 3 person case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 person det 3 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 ( ( PUNCT _ 6 joking punct 5 often often ADV _ 6 joking advmod 6 joking joke VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 person acl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 disapproving cc 8 disapproving disapprove VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 joking conj 9 ) ) PUNCT _ 6 joking punct 10 : : PUNCT _ 12 spend punct 11 to to PART _ 12 spend mark 12 spend spend VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 person conj 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 lot det 14 lot lot NOUN Number=Sing 12 spend obj 15 of of ADP _ 16 time case 16 time time NOUN Number=Sing 14 lot nmod 17 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 12 spend advcl 18 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 17 making obj 19 look look VERB VerbForm=Inf 17 making xcomp 20 nice nice ADJ Degree=Pos 19 look xcomp 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 joke speech: other gerund a person not said here often property vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 disapprove gerund a person not said here vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer 3 spend to-infinitive a lot of time vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Asset 4 make gerund yourself tree rules 5 look infinitive yourself not said here nice property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Meaning 3 To feel or show pride in yourself: preen yourself on something.
mark cc conj obj case obl punct conj obj case obl punct root To PART feel VERB or CCONJ show VERB pride NOUN in ADP yourself PRON : PUNCT preen VERB yourself PRON on ADP something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 feel mark 2 feel feel VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 show cc 4 show show VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 feel conj 5 pride pride NOUN Number=Sing 4 show obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 yourself case 7 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 4 show obl 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 preen punct 9 preen preen VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 2 feel conj 10 yourself yourself PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 9 preen obj 11 on on ADP _ 12 something case 12 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 9 preen obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 feel punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel to-infinitive vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 show infinitive pride in yourself vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent pride=Patient in yourself=Topic 3 preen infinitive yourself something vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yourself=Patient
Example 1 The swan preened its white feathers.
det nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root The DET swan NOUN preened VERB its PRON white ADJ feathers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 swan det 2 swan swan NOUN Number=Sing 3 preened nsubj 3 preened preen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 feathers nmod:poss 5 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 6 feathers amod 6 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 3 preened obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 preened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preen past the swan swan's white feathers vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient
Example 2 Ducks preen to keep their feathers waterproof.
nsubj mark advcl nmod:poss obj xcomp punct root Ducks NOUN preen VERB to PART keep VERB their PRON feathers NOUN waterproof ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Ducks duck NOUN Number=Plur 2 preen nsubj 2 preen preen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to PART _ 4 keep mark 4 keep keep VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 preen advcl 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 feathers nmod:poss 6 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 4 keep obj 7 waterproof waterproof ADJ Degree=Pos 4 keep xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 preen punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preen present Ducks vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 keep to-infinitive Ducks not said here Ducks's feathers waterproof property vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Theme
Example 3 My brother preened in front of the mirror before the party.
nmod:poss nsubj case obl case det nmod case det obl punct root My PRON brother NOUN preened VERB in ADP front NOUN of ADP the DET mirror NOUN before ADP the DET party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 brother nmod:poss 2 brother brother NOUN Number=Sing 3 preened nsubj 3 preened preen VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 in in ADP _ 5 front case 5 front front NOUN Number=Sing 3 preened obl 6 of of ADP _ 8 mirror case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 mirror det 8 mirror mirror NOUN Number=Sing 5 front nmod 9 before before ADP _ 11 party case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 party det 11 party party NOUN Number=Sing 3 preened obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 preened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preen participle My brother front of the mirror before the party vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The parrot preened itself on its perch.
det nsubj obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET parrot NOUN preened VERB itself PRON on ADP its PRON perch NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 parrot det 2 parrot parrot NOUN Number=Sing 3 preened nsubj 3 preened preen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 3 preened obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 perch case 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 perch nmod:poss 7 perch perch NOUN Number=Sing 3 preened obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 preened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preen past the parrot parrot parrot's perch vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Patient
Example 5 She preened herself on winning the prize.
nsubj obj mark advcl det obj punct root She PRON preened VERB herself PRON on SCONJ winning VERB the DET prize NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 preened nsubj 2 preened preen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 herself herself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes 2 preened obj 4 on on SCONJ _ 5 winning mark 5 winning win VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 2 preened advcl 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 prize det 7 prize prize NOUN Number=Sing 5 winning obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 preened punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 preen past She herself = she vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herself=Patient 2 win gerund She not said here the prize vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prize=Eventuality
Example 6 Stop preening and come and eat!
xcomp cc conj cc conj punct root Stop VERB preening VERB and CCONJ come VERB and CCONJ eat VERB ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 preening preen VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 and and CCONJ _ 4 come cc 4 come come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 1 Stop conj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 eat cc 6 eat eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 come conj 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 preen gerund you not said here vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 come present you not said here vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 eat present you not said here vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 He turned sharply, and there, just above him on the branch of a tree, sat a large Parrot, busily preening his feathers.
The tree, 22 words nsubj advmod punct cc advmod punct advmod case parataxis case det obl case det nmod punct parataxis det amod obj punct advmod advcl nmod:poss obj punct root He PRON turned VERB sharply ADV , PUNCT and CCONJ there ADV , PUNCT just ADV above ADP him PRON on ADP the DET branch NOUN of ADP a DET tree NOUN , PUNCT sat VERB a DET large ADJ Parrot NOUN , PUNCT busily ADV preening VERB his PRON feathers NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 turned nsubj 2 turned turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 sharply sharply ADV _ 2 turned advmod 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 there punct 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 there cc 6 there there ADV PronType=Dem 2 turned advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 him punct 8 just just ADV _ 10 him advmod 9 above above ADP _ 10 him case 10 him he PRON Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 turned parataxis 11 on on ADP _ 13 branch case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 branch det 13 branch branch NOUN Number=Sing 2 turned obl 14 of of ADP _ 16 tree case 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 tree det 16 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 13 branch nmod 17 , , PUNCT _ 18 sat punct 18 sat sit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 turned parataxis 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 Parrot det 20 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 21 Parrot amod 21 Parrot parrot NOUN Number=Sing 18 sat obj 22 , , PUNCT _ 24 preening punct 23 busily busily ADV _ 24 preening advmod 24 preening preen VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 18 sat advcl 25 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 26 feathers nmod:poss 26 feathers feather NOUN Number=Plur 24 preening obj 27 . . PUNCT _ 2 turned punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 turn past He the branch of a tree; there sharply property vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme on branch=Trajectory 2 sit past a large Parrot vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location parrot=Theme 3 preen gerund Parrot's feathers busily property vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent feather=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous predominantlynext → preface↑ back to P in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/preen/