preparation Who acts: Preparation, Preparations, you, We, Good preparation, trip · What happens: get, make, be, do, start, help · To what, where: something, things, mixture, preparations, you, class
«preparation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: preparation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Preparation is getting ready for something or making something ready.
nsubj aux xcomp case obl cc conj obj amod punct root Preparation NOUN is AUX getting VERB ready ADJ for ADP something PRON or CCONJ making VERB something PRON ready ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 3 getting nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 getting aux 3 getting get VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 3 getting xcomp 5 for for ADP _ 6 something case 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 ready obl 7 or or CCONJ _ 8 making cc 8 making make VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 getting conj 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 making obj 10 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 9 something amod 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 getting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present · progressive Preparation ready property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer 2 make gerund Preparation not said here something vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Preparations are the things you do to get ready for an event.
nsubj cop det nsubj acl:relcl mark advcl xcomp case det obl punct root Preparations NOUN are AUX the DET things NOUN you PRON do VERB to PART get VERB ready ADJ for ADP an DET event NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Preparations preparation NOUN Number=Plur 4 things nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 things cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 things det 4 things thing NOUN Number=Plur root root 5 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 do nsubj 6 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 things acl:relcl 7 to to PART _ 8 get mark 8 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 do advcl 9 ready ready ADJ Degree=Pos 8 get xcomp 10 for for ADP _ 12 event case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 event det 12 event event NOUN Number=Sing 9 ready obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 things punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Preparations the things tree rules 2 do present you the things not said here vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thing=Eventuality 3 get to-infinitive you not said here ready property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Meaning 3 A preparation is a mixture made for a use, like a medicine or cream.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det acl case det obl punct case det appos cc conj punct root A DET preparation NOUN is AUX a DET mixture NOUN made VERB for ADP a DET use NOUN , PUNCT like ADP a DET medicine NOUN or CCONJ cream NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 preparation det 2 preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 5 mixture nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 mixture cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 mixture det 5 mixture mixture NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 mixture acl 7 for for ADP _ 9 use case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 use det 9 use use NOUN Number=Sing 6 made obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 medicine punct 11 like like ADP _ 13 medicine case 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 medicine det 13 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 9 use appos 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 cream cc 15 cream cream NOUN Number=Sing 13 medicine conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 mixture punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a preparation a mixture tree rules 2 make participle a mixture not said here for a use vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for use=Asset
Example 1 Preparation for the test starts this week.
nsubj case det nmod det obj punct root Preparation NOUN for ADP the DET test NOUN starts VERB this DET week NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 5 starts nsubj 2 for for ADP _ 4 test case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 test det 4 test test NOUN Number=Sing 1 Preparation nmod 5 starts start VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 this this DET Number=Sing PronType=Dem 7 week det 7 week week NOUN Number=Sing 5 starts obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 starts punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 start present Preparation for the test week vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
Example 2 Preparation time: 15 minutes. Cooking time: 20 minutes.
Sentence 1: Preparation time: 15 minutes.
compound punct nummod conj punct root Preparation NOUN time NOUN : PUNCT 15 NUM minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 2 time compound 2 time time NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 : : PUNCT _ 5 minutes punct 4 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 minutes nummod 5 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 2 time conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 time punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Sentence 2: Cooking time: 20 minutes.
compound punct nummod conj punct root Cooking NOUN time NOUN : PUNCT 20 NUM minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Cooking cooking NOUN Number=Sing 2 time compound 2 time time NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 : : PUNCT _ 5 minutes punct 4 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 minutes nummod 5 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 2 time conj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 time punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 3 We made preparations for the party.
nsubj obj case det obl punct root We PRON made VERB preparations NOUN for ADP the DET party NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 made nsubj 2 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 preparations preparation NOUN Number=Plur 2 made obj 4 for for ADP _ 6 party case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 party det 6 party party NOUN Number=Sing 2 made obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past We preparations for the party vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent preparation=Product for party=Asset
Example 4 Good preparation helps you feel calm.
amod nsubj obj xcomp xcomp punct root Good ADJ preparation NOUN helps VERB you PRON feel VERB calm ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Good good ADJ Degree=Pos 2 preparation amod 2 preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 3 helps nsubj 3 helps help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 helps obj 5 feel feel VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 helps xcomp 6 calm calm ADJ Degree=Pos 5 feel xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 helps punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Good preparation you vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme 2 feel infinitive you not said here calm property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 5 The class rehearsed in preparation for the play.
det acl case obl case det obl punct root The DET class NOUN rehearsed VERB in ADP preparation NOUN for ADP the DET play NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 class det 2 class class NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 rehearsed rehearse VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 class acl 4 in in ADP _ 5 preparation case 5 preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 3 rehearsed obl 6 for for ADP _ 8 play case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 play det 8 play play NOUN Number=Sing 3 rehearsed obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 class punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rehearse participle the class not said here preparation for the play vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 Without preparation, the trip went badly.
case obl punct det nsubj advmod punct root Without ADP preparation NOUN , PUNCT the DET trip NOUN went VERB badly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Without without ADP _ 2 preparation case 2 preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 6 went obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 preparation punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 trip det 5 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 6 went nsubj 6 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 badly badly ADV Degree=Pos 6 went advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 6 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go past the trip without preparation; badly property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 A preparation of herbs was used as medicine.
det nsubj:pass case nmod aux:pass case obl punct root A DET preparation NOUN of ADP herbs NOUN was AUX used VERB as ADP medicine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 preparation det 2 preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 6 used nsubj:pass 3 of of ADP _ 4 herbs case 4 herbs herb NOUN Number=Plur 2 preparation nmod 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 used aux:pass 6 used use VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 7 as as ADP _ 8 medicine case 8 medicine medicine NOUN Number=Sing 6 used obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 used punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use past · passive a preparation of herbs as medicine vn spend_time-104 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Duration as medicine=Attribute 2 prepare herbs nom preparation «act transitive»: of=patient
Example 8 If preparation takes 15 minutes and cooking 25, the meal takes 40 minutes.
The tree, 13 words mark nsubj advcl nummod obj cc conj obj punct det nsubj nummod obj punct root If SCONJ preparation NOUN takes VERB 15 NUM minutes NOUN and CCONJ cooking VERB 25 NUM , PUNCT the DET meal NOUN takes VERB 40 NUM minutes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 If if SCONJ _ 3 takes mark 2 preparation preparation NOUN Number=Sing 3 takes nsubj 3 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 12 takes advcl 4 15 15 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 minutes nummod 5 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 3 takes obj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 cooking cc 7 cooking cook VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 takes conj 8 25 25 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 cooking obj 9 , , PUNCT _ 3 takes punct 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 meal det 11 meal meal NOUN Number=Sing 12 takes nsubj 12 takes take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 13 40 40 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 minutes nummod 14 minutes minute NOUN Number=Plur 12 takes obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 12 takes punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take a condition, not said to happen present preparation minute vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2 cook gerund preparation not said here 25 vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent 25=Patient 3 take present the meal minute vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
Example 9 So he went back to his hut, and at once set about his preparations.
The tree, 14 words advmod nsubj advmod case nmod:poss obl punct cc case obl obl case nmod:poss nmod punct root So ADV he PRON went VERB back ADV to ADP his PRON hut NOUN , PUNCT and CCONJ at ADP once ADV set NOUN about ADP his PRON preparations NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 So so ADV _ 3 went advmod 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 went nsubj 3 went go VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 back back ADV _ 3 went advmod 5 to to ADP _ 7 hut case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 hut nmod:poss 7 hut hut NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 12 set punct 9 and and CCONJ _ 12 set cc 10 at at ADP _ 11 once case 11 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 12 set obl 12 set set NOUN Number=Sing 3 went obl 13 about about ADP _ 15 preparations case 14 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 15 preparations nmod:poss 15 preparations preparation NOUN Number=Plur 12 set nmod 16 . . PUNCT _ 3 went punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go back past he set about his preparations to his hut result vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to hut=Result 2 prepare his = he nom preparation «act transitive»: poss=agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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