pretending Who acts: something, it, Pretending, We, He, She · What happens: pretend, mean, act, be, not be, try · To what, where: game, dragon, people, pirates, car, me · Speech: someone speaks here
«pretending» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pretending in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Pretending means acting as if something is true when it is not, often in a game: pretending to be a dragon.
The tree, 21 words nsubj xcomp mark mark nsubj cop ccomp mark nsubj cop advmod punct advmod case det conj punct advcl mark cop det xcomp punct root Pretending VERB means VERB acting VERB as SCONJ if SCONJ something PRON is AUX true ADJ when SCONJ it PRON is AUX not PART , PUNCT often ADV in ADP a DET game NOUN : PUNCT pretending VERB to PART be AUX a DET dragon NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pretending pretend VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 acting act VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 as as SCONJ _ 8 true mark 5 if if SCONJ _ 8 true mark 6 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 8 true nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 true cop 8 true true ADJ Degree=Pos 3 acting ccomp 9 when when SCONJ _ 17 game mark 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 17 game nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 17 game cop 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 17 game advmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 17 game punct 14 often often ADV _ 17 game advmod 15 in in ADP _ 17 game case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 game det 17 game game NOUN Number=Sing 8 true conj 18 : : PUNCT _ 19 pretending punct 19 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 17 game advcl 20 to to PART _ 23 dragon mark 21 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 23 dragon cop 22 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 23 dragon det 23 dragon dragon NOUN Number=Sing 19 pretending xcomp 24 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend gerund tree rules 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 act not said to happen gerund vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 4 is a condition, not said to happen present something true property tree rules 5 not is present it a game often property tree rules 6 pretend gerund tree rules 7 is a to-infinitive a dragon tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Pretending can also mean trying to trick people by acting falsely: pretending to be ill.
The tree, 15 words csubj aux advmod xcomp mark xcomp obj mark advcl advmod punct ccomp mark cop xcomp punct root Pretending VERB can AUX also ADV mean VERB trying VERB to PART trick VERB people NOUN by SCONJ acting VERB falsely ADV : PUNCT pretending VERB to PART be AUX ill ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pretending pretend VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 mean csubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 mean aux 3 also also ADV _ 4 mean advmod 4 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 trying try VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 mean xcomp 6 to to PART _ 7 trick mark 7 trick trick VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 trying xcomp 8 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 trick obj 9 by by SCONJ _ 10 acting mark 10 acting act VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 7 trick advcl 11 falsely falsely ADV _ 10 acting advmod 12 : : PUNCT _ 13 pretending punct 13 pretending pretend VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 mean ccomp 14 to to PART _ 16 ill mark 15 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 16 ill cop 16 ill ill ADJ Degree=Pos 13 pretending xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 4 mean punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend gerund tree rules 2 mean can Pretending vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 try not said to happen gerund Pretending not said here vn try-61.1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 4 trick not said to happen to-infinitive Pretending not said here people vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient 5 act gerund Pretending not said here falsely property vn act-114-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 6 pretend gerund tree rules 7 is to-infinitive ill property tree rules
Example 1 We are pretending to be pirates.
nsubj aux mark cop xcomp punct root We PRON are AUX pretending VERB to PART be AUX pirates NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 pretending nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 pretending aux 3 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 6 pirates mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 pirates cop 6 pirates pirate NOUN Number=Plur 3 pretending xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend present · progressive We tree rules 2 is a to-infinitive We not said here pirates tree rules
Example 2 He was pretending to be asleep.
nsubj aux mark cop xcomp punct root He PRON was AUX pretending VERB to PART be AUX asleep ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 pretending nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 pretending aux 3 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 6 asleep mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 asleep cop 6 asleep asleep ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pretending xcomp 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past · progressive He tree rules 2 is to-infinitive He not said here asleep property tree rules
Example 3 She is pretending that the box is a car.
nsubj aux mark det nsubj cop det xcomp punct root She PRON is AUX pretending VERB that SCONJ the DET box NOUN is AUX a DET car NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 pretending nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 pretending aux 3 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 that that SCONJ _ 9 car mark 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 box det 6 box box NOUN Number=Sing 9 car nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 car cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 car det 9 car car NOUN Number=Sing 3 pretending xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend present · progressive She tree rules 2 is a present the box a car tree rules
Example 4 Stop pretending you did not see me!
xcomp nsubj aux advmod ccomp obj punct root Stop VERB pretending VERB you PRON did AUX not PART see VERB me PRON ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Stop stop VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 pretending pretend VERB VerbForm=Ger 1 Stop xcomp 3 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 6 see nsubj 4 did do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 see aux 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 6 see advmod 6 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 pretending ccomp 7 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 6 see obj 8 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Stop punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stop imperative you not said here vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality 2 pretend gerund you not said here tree rules 3 not see past · do-support you me vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer i=Stimulus
Example 5 The cat is pretending not to care.
det nsubj aux advmod mark xcomp punct root The DET cat NOUN is AUX pretending VERB not PART to PART care VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 cat det 2 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 4 pretending nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 pretending aux 4 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 not not PART Polarity=Neg 7 care advmod 6 to to PART _ 7 care mark 7 care care VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 pretending xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 pretending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend present · progressive the cat tree rules 2 not care to-infinitive the cat not said here vn care-88.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 People online may be pretending to be kids.
nsubj advmod aux aux mark cop xcomp punct root People NOUN online ADV may AUX be AUX pretending VERB to PART be AUX kids NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 People people NOUN Number=Plur 5 pretending nsubj 2 online online ADV _ 1 People advmod 3 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 pretending aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 pretending aux 5 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 6 to to PART _ 8 kids mark 7 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 8 kids cop 8 kids kid NOUN Number=Plur 5 pretending xcomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 pretending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend may · progressive People tree rules 2 is a to-infinitive People not said here kids tree rules
Example 7 I was pretending to be brave, but I was scared.
nsubj aux mark cop xcomp punct cc nsubj cop conj punct root I PRON was AUX pretending VERB to PART be AUX brave ADJ , PUNCT but CCONJ I PRON was AUX scared ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 3 pretending nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 pretending aux 3 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 to to PART _ 6 brave mark 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 brave cop 6 brave brave ADJ Degree=Pos 3 pretending xcomp 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 scared punct 8 but but CCONJ _ 11 scared cc 9 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 11 scared nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 11 scared cop 11 scared scared ADJ Degree=Pos 6 brave conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 pretending punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend past · progressive I tree rules 2 is to-infinitive I not said here brave property tree rules 3 is past I scared property tree rules
Example 8 Pretending games help you use your imagination.
amod nsubj nsubj xcomp nmod:poss obj punct root Pretending VERB games NOUN help VERB you PRON use VERB your PRON imagination NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pretending pretend VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 games amod 2 games game NOUN Number=Plur 3 help nsubj 3 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 5 use nsubj 5 use use VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 help xcomp 6 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 imagination nmod:poss 7 imagination imagination NOUN Number=Sing 5 use obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pretend gerund tree rules 2 help present Pretending games vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 3 use infinitive you your imagination vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent imagination=Patient 4 imagine your nom imagination «cognition transitive»: poss=agent
Example 9 “He-he-he!” exclaimed Iktomi, pretending disappointment that his friend had fallen.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj punct conj punct nsubj punct punct obj punct advcl obj mark nmod:poss nsubj aux advcl punct root “ PUNCT He PRON - PUNCT he PRON - PUNCT he PRON ! PUNCT ” PUNCT exclaimed VERB Iktomi PROPN , PUNCT pretending VERB disappointment NOUN that SCONJ his PRON friend NOUN had AUX fallen VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 “ " PUNCT _ 9 exclaimed punct 2 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 exclaimed nsubj 3 - - PUNCT _ 4 he punct 4 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 He conj 5 - - PUNCT _ 9 exclaimed punct 6 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 exclaimed nsubj 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 6 he punct 8 ” " PUNCT _ 6 he punct 9 exclaimed exclaim VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 10 Iktomi Iktomi PROPN Number=Sing 9 exclaimed obj 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 pretending punct 12 pretending pretend VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 exclaimed advcl 13 disappointment disappointment NOUN Number=Sing 12 pretending obj 14 that that SCONJ _ 18 fallen mark 15 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 16 friend nmod:poss 16 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 18 fallen nsubj 17 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 18 fallen aux 18 fallen fall VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 12 pretending advcl 19 . . PUNCT _ 9 exclaimed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 exclaim speech: express past He Iktomi vn say-37.7-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent iktomi=Topic 2 pretend gerund He not said here disappointment tree rules 3 fall past · perfect Iktomi's friend vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
← previous pretendnext → pretense↑ back to P in school dictionary This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/pretending/