puffin Who acts: seabird, puffin, Puffins, We, beak, favourite paperback · What happens: live, have, nest, take, see, flap · To what, where: cliffs, six little fish, beak, burrows, boat trip, puffins · Speech: someone speaks here
«puffin» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: puffin in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A small black-and-white seabird with a large, brightly coloured orange and blue beak and orange feet; it lives on cliffs and islands in the North Atlantic.
The tree, 28 words det amod amod punct cc punct conj case det amod punct advmod amod amod cc conj nmod cc amod conj punct nsubj parataxis case obl cc conj case det compound obl punct root A DET small ADJ black ADJ - PUNCT and CCONJ - PUNCT white ADJ seabird NOUN with ADP a DET large ADJ , PUNCT brightly ADV coloured ADJ orange ADJ and CCONJ blue ADJ beak NOUN and CCONJ orange ADJ feet NOUN ; PUNCT it PRON lives VERB on ADP cliffs NOUN and CCONJ islands NOUN in ADP the DET North PROPN Atlantic PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 seabird det 2 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 8 seabird amod 3 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 8 seabird amod 4 - - PUNCT _ 3 black punct 5 and and CCONJ _ 7 white cc 6 - - PUNCT _ 7 white punct 7 white white ADJ Degree=Pos 3 black conj 8 seabird seabird NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 with with ADP _ 18 beak case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 beak det 11 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 18 beak amod 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 coloured punct 13 brightly brightly ADV _ 14 coloured advmod 14 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 18 beak amod 15 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos 18 beak amod 16 and and CCONJ _ 17 blue cc 17 blue blue ADJ Degree=Pos 15 orange conj 18 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 8 seabird nmod 19 and and CCONJ _ 21 feet cc 20 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos 21 feet amod 21 feet foot NOUN Number=Plur 18 beak conj 22 ; ; PUNCT _ 24 lives punct 23 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 lives nsubj 24 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 seabird parataxis 25 on on ADP _ 26 cliffs case 26 cliffs cliff NOUN Number=Plur 24 lives obl 27 and and CCONJ _ 28 islands cc 28 islands island NOUN Number=Plur 26 cliffs conj 29 in in ADP _ 32 Atlantic case 30 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 32 Atlantic det 31 North North PROPN Number=Sing 32 Atlantic compound 32 Atlantic Atlantic PROPN Number=Sing 24 lives obl 33 . . PUNCT _ 8 seabird punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present seabird cliffs and islands in the North Atlantic vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in atlantic=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Example 1 The puffin had six little fish in its beak.
det nsubj nummod amod obj case nmod:poss obl punct root The DET puffin NOUN had VERB six NUM little ADJ fish NOUN in ADP its PRON beak NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 puffin det 2 puffin puffin NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 six six NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 6 fish nummod 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 fish amod 6 fish fish NOUN Number=Plur 3 had obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 beak case 8 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 beak nmod:poss 9 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the puffin six little fish puffin's beak vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fish=Patient
Example 2 Puffins nest in burrows on cliff tops.
nsubj case obl case compound obl punct root Puffins NOUN nest VERB in ADP burrows NOUN on ADP cliff NOUN tops NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Puffins puffin NOUN Number=Plur 2 nest nsubj 2 nest nest VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 4 burrows case 4 burrows burrow NOUN Number=Plur 2 nest obl 5 on on ADP _ 7 tops case 6 cliff cliff NOUN Number=Sing 7 tops compound 7 tops top NOUN Number=Plur 2 nest obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 nest punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 nest present Puffins burrows on cliff tops vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 3 We took a boat trip to see the puffins.
nsubj det compound obj mark advcl det obj punct root We PRON took VERB a DET boat NOUN trip NOUN to PART see VERB the DET puffins NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 took nsubj 2 took take VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 trip det 4 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 5 trip compound 5 trip trip NOUN Number=Sing 2 took obj 6 to to PART _ 7 see mark 7 see see VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 took advcl 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 puffins det 9 puffins puffin NOUN Number=Plur 7 see obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 took punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take past We a boat trip vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trip=Theme 2 see to-infinitive We not said here the puffins vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer puffin=Stimulus
Example 4 Puffins flap their wings very fast when they fly.
nsubj nmod:poss obj advmod advmod mark nsubj advcl punct root Puffins NOUN flap VERB their PRON wings NOUN very ADV fast ADV when SCONJ they PRON fly VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Puffins puffin NOUN Number=Plur 2 flap nsubj 2 flap flap VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 wings nmod:poss 4 wings wing NOUN Number=Plur 2 flap obj 5 very very ADV _ 6 fast advmod 6 fast fast ADV Degree=Pos 2 flap advmod 7 when when SCONJ _ 9 fly mark 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 fly nsubj 9 fly fly VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 fast advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 flap punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 flap present Puffins Puffins's wings fast property vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wing=Patient 2 fly present Puffins = puffin vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 A puffin's beak is bright orange in spring.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop amod case obl punct root A DET puffin NOUN 's PART beak NOUN is AUX bright ADJ orange ADJ in ADP spring NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 puffin det 2 puffin puffin NOUN Number=Sing 4 beak nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 puffin case 4 beak beak NOUN Number=Sing 7 orange nsubj 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 orange cop 6 bright bright ADJ Degree=Pos 7 orange amod 7 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos root root 8 in in ADP _ 9 spring case 9 spring spring NOUN Number=Sing 7 orange obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 orange punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a puffin's beak spring orange property tree rules
Example 6 Puffin chicks are called pufflings.
compound nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp punct root Puffin NOUN chicks NOUN are AUX called VERB pufflings NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Puffin puffin NOUN Number=Sing 2 chicks compound 2 chicks chick NOUN Number=Plur 4 called nsubj:pass 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 called aux:pass 4 called call VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 pufflings puffling NOUN Number=Plur 4 called xcomp 6 . . PUNCT _ 4 called punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 call present · passive Puffin chicks vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient
Example 7 My favourite paperback has a puffin on the spine.
nmod:poss amod nsubj det obj case det nmod punct root My PRON favourite ADJ paperback NOUN has VERB a DET puffin NOUN on ADP the DET spine NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 paperback nmod:poss 2 favourite favourite ADJ Degree=Pos 3 paperback amod 3 paperback paperback NOUN Number=Sing 4 has nsubj 4 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 puffin det 6 puffin puffin NOUN Number=Sing 4 has obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 spine case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 spine det 9 spine spine NOUN Number=Sing 6 puffin nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present My favourite paperback a puffin the spine vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puffin=Patient
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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