pug Who acts: pug, Pugs, He, faced dogs, friend, she · What happens: be, snore, wag, overheat, walk, have · To what, where: small dog, short word, curly tail, Pugs, pug nose, it · Speech: someone speaks here
«pug» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: pug in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A pug is a small dog with a flat, wrinkly face, a curly tail and short fur, usually pale brown with a black face, or all black.
The tree, 27 words det nsubj cop det amod case det amod punct amod nmod punct det amod conj cc amod conj punct advmod amod parataxis case det amod obl punct cc det conj punct root A DET pug NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ dog NOUN with ADP a DET flat ADJ , PUNCT wrinkly ADJ face NOUN , PUNCT a DET curly ADJ tail NOUN and CCONJ short ADJ fur NOUN , PUNCT usually ADV pale ADJ brown ADJ with ADP a DET black ADJ face NOUN , PUNCT or CCONJ all DET black ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pug det 2 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 6 dog nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 dog cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 dog det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dog amod 6 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 with with ADP _ 12 face case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 face det 9 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 12 face amod 10 , , PUNCT _ 9 flat punct 11 wrinkly wrinkly ADJ Degree=Pos 12 face amod 12 face face NOUN Number=Sing 6 dog nmod 13 , , PUNCT _ 16 tail punct 14 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 tail det 15 curly curly ADJ Degree=Pos 16 tail amod 16 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 12 face conj 17 and and CCONJ _ 19 fur cc 18 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 19 fur amod 19 fur fur NOUN Number=Sing 12 face conj 20 , , PUNCT _ 23 brown punct 21 usually usually ADV _ 23 brown advmod 22 pale pale ADJ Degree=Pos 23 brown amod 23 brown brown ADJ Degree=Pos 6 dog parataxis 24 with with ADP _ 27 face case 25 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 face det 26 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 27 face amod 27 face face NOUN Number=Sing 23 brown obl 28 , , PUNCT _ 31 black punct 29 or or CCONJ _ 31 black cc 30 all all DET PronType=Tot 31 black det 31 black black ADJ Degree=Pos 23 brown conj 32 . . PUNCT _ 6 dog punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a pug a small dog with a flat wrinkly face and a curly tail and short fur tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: old slang — kept apart, not parsed.
«Pug» was once a short word for a boxer (from «pugilist»).
The tree, 11 words punct nsubj punct cop advmod det amod case det nmod punct case punct appos punct punct punct root « PUNCT Pug NOUN » PUNCT was AUX once ADV a DET short ADJ word NOUN for ADP a DET boxer NOUN ( PUNCT from ADP « PUNCT pugilist NOUN » PUNCT ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Pug punct 2 Pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 8 word nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Pug punct 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 8 word cop 5 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 8 word advmod 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 8 word det 7 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 8 word amod 8 word word NOUN Number=Sing root root 9 for for ADP _ 11 boxer case 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 boxer det 11 boxer boxer NOUN Number=Sing 8 word nmod 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 15 pugilist punct 13 from from ADP _ 15 pugilist case 14 « « PUNCT _ 15 pugilist punct 15 pugilist pugilist NOUN Number=Sing 11 boxer appos 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 pugilist punct 17 ) ) PUNCT _ 15 pugilist punct 18 . . PUNCT _ 8 word punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past Pug a short word for a boxer; once property tree rules
Example 1 Our neighbour's pug snores very loudly.
nmod:poss nmod:poss case nsubj advmod advmod punct root Our PRON neighbour NOUN 's PART pug NOUN snores VERB very ADV loudly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 neighbour nmod:poss 2 neighbour neighbour NOUN Number=Sing 4 pug nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 neighbour case 4 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 5 snores nsubj 5 snores snore VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 very very ADV _ 7 loudly advmod 7 loudly loudly ADV _ 5 snores advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 snores punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 snore present Our neighbour's pug loudly property vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 The pug wagged its curly tail.
det nsubj nmod:poss amod obj punct root The DET pug NOUN wagged VERB its PRON curly ADJ tail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pug det 2 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 3 wagged nsubj 3 wagged wag VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 tail nmod:poss 5 curly curly ADJ Degree=Pos 6 tail amod 6 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 3 wagged obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 wagged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wag past the pug pug's curly tail vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
Example 3 Pugs can overheat on hot days, so walk them in the cool morning.
The tree, 13 words nsubj aux case amod obl punct advmod parataxis obj case det amod obl punct root Pugs NOUN can AUX overheat VERB on ADP hot ADJ days NOUN , PUNCT so ADV walk VERB them PRON in ADP the DET cool ADJ morning NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Pugs pug NOUN Number=Plur 3 overheat nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 overheat aux 3 overheat overheat VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 days case 5 hot hot ADJ Degree=Pos 6 days amod 6 days day NOUN Number=Plur 3 overheat obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 walk punct 8 so so ADV _ 9 walk advmod 9 walk walk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 overheat parataxis 10 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 walk obj 11 in in ADP _ 14 morning case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 morning det 13 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 14 morning amod 14 morning morning NOUN Number=Sing 9 walk obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 overheat punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 overheat can Pugs day vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 walk infinitive Pugs = pug morning vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Trajectory
Example 4 He has a pug nose, short and turned up.
nsubj det compound obj punct amod cc conj compound:prt punct root He PRON has VERB a DET pug NOUN nose NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ and CCONJ turned VERB up ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 nose det 4 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 5 nose compound 5 nose nose NOUN Number=Sing 2 has obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 short punct 7 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 5 nose amod 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 turned cc 9 turned turn VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 7 short conj 10 up up ADP _ 9 turned compound:prt 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present He a pug nose vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nose=Patient 2 turn up participle He not said here vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 5 Flat-faced dogs like pugs can find it hard to breathe.
amod punct amod nsubj case nmod aux obj xcomp mark xcomp punct root Flat ADJ - PUNCT faced ADJ dogs NOUN like ADP pugs NOUN can AUX find VERB it PRON hard ADJ to PART breathe VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 3 faced amod 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 Flat punct 3 faced faced ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dogs amod 4 dogs dog NOUN Number=Plur 8 find nsubj 5 like like ADP _ 6 pugs case 6 pugs pug NOUN Number=Plur 4 dogs nmod 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 find aux 8 find find VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 8 find obj 10 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 8 find xcomp 11 to to PART _ 12 breathe mark 12 breathe breathe VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 hard xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 8 find punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 find can faced dogs like pugs it hard property vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic 2 breathe to-infinitive vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The pug wore a little coat in the snow.
det nsubj det amod obj case det obl punct root The DET pug NOUN wore VERB a DET little ADJ coat NOUN in ADP the DET snow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 pug det 2 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore nsubj 3 wore wear VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 coat det 5 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 6 coat amod 6 coat coat NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obj 7 in in ADP _ 9 snow case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 snow det 9 snow snow NOUN Number=Sing 3 wore obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 wore punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wear past the pug a little coat the snow vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent coat=Theme
Example 7 My friend named her pug Biscuit.
nmod:poss nsubj nmod:poss obj appos punct root My PRON friend NOUN named VERB her PRON pug NOUN Biscuit PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 friend nmod:poss 2 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 named nsubj 3 named name VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 pug nmod:poss 5 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 3 named obj 6 Biscuit Biscuit PROPN Number=Sing 5 pug appos 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 named punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 name past My friend friend's pug vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pug=Theme
Example 8 In the meantime, there arrived from the next town a lady; she had a pug dog with her, and came, she said, to dispose of shares in her tan-yard.
The tree, 30 words case det obl punct expl case det amod obl det obl:unmarked punct nsubj conj det compound obj case obl punct cc parataxis punct nsubj conj punct mark ccomp case obl case nmod:poss compound punct obl punct root In ADP the DET meantime NOUN , PUNCT there PRON arrived VERB from ADP the DET next ADJ town NOUN a DET lady NOUN ; PUNCT she PRON had VERB a DET pug NOUN dog NOUN with ADP her PRON , PUNCT and CCONJ came VERB , PUNCT she PRON said VERB , PUNCT to PART dispose VERB of ADP shares NOUN in ADP her PRON tan NOUN - PUNCT yard NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 meantime case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 meantime det 3 meantime meantime NOUN Number=Sing 6 arrived obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 meantime punct 5 there there PRON PronType=Dem 6 arrived expl 6 arrived arrive VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 7 from from ADP _ 10 town case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 town det 9 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 10 town amod 10 town town NOUN Number=Sing 6 arrived obl 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 lady det 12 lady lady NOUN Number=Sing 6 arrived obl:unmarked 13 ; ; PUNCT _ 15 had punct 14 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 had nsubj 15 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 arrived conj 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 18 dog det 17 pug pug NOUN Number=Sing 18 dog compound 18 dog dog NOUN Number=Sing 15 had obj 19 with with ADP _ 20 her case 20 her she PRON Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 had obl 21 , , PUNCT _ 23 came punct 22 and and CCONJ _ 23 came cc 23 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 arrived parataxis 24 , , PUNCT _ 26 said punct 25 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 26 said nsubj 26 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 23 came conj 27 , , PUNCT _ 29 dispose punct 28 to to PART _ 29 dispose mark 29 dispose dispose VERB VerbForm=Inf 26 said ccomp 30 of of ADP _ 31 shares case 31 shares share NOUN Number=Plur 29 dispose obl 32 in in ADP _ 36 yard case 33 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 36 yard nmod:poss 34 tan tan NOUN Number=Sing 36 yard compound 35 - - PUNCT _ 34 tan punct 36 yard yard NOUN Number=Sing 29 dispose obl 37 . . PUNCT _ 6 arrived punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 arrive participle a lady the meantime; there from the next town vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from town=Initial_Location 2 have past she a pug dog with dog vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient 3 come past vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 say speech: assert past dog vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 5 dispose to-infinitive of shares; in dog's tan yard vn addict-96 «NP V NP PP.Theme»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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