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punjabi

Who acts: friend, We, restaurant, grandparents, Bhangra · What happens: speak, connect, learn, count, write, serve · To what, where: language, Punjab region, adjective, Punjabi, home, two different scripts · Speech: someone speaks here

«punjabi» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: punjabi in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A language spoken in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan, and by many people in the UK, Canada and elsewhere.

The tree, 21 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 language	det
2	language	language	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	spoken	speak	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 language	acl
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 region	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 region	det
6	Punjab	Punjab	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 region	compound
7	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 spoken	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	9 India	case
9	India	India	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 region	nmod
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 Pakistan	cc
11	Pakistan	Pakistan	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 India	conj
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 people	punct
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 people	cc
14	by	by	ADP	_	16 people	case
15	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 people	amod
16	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 language	conj
17	in	in	ADP	_	19 UK	case
18	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	19 UK	det
19	UK	UK	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 people	nmod
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 Canada	punct
21	Canada	Canada	PROPN	Number=Sing	19 UK	conj
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 elsewhere	cc
23	elsewhere	elsewhere	ADV	_	19 UK	conj
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 language	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	participle		a language and many people in the UK and Canada not said here		the Punjab region of India and Pakistan			vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

A person from the Punjab region.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	from	from	ADP	_	6 region	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 region	det
5	Punjab	Punjab	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 region	compound
6	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 person	nmod
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 person	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

adjective Connected with the Punjab, its people, food or culture.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	adjective	adjective	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
2	Connected	connect	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	1 adjective	acl
3	with	with	ADP	_	5 Punjab	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Punjab	det
5	Punjab	Punjab	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 Connected	obl
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 people	punct
7	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 people	nmod:poss
8	people	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 adjective	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 food	punct
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 adjective	conj
11	or	or	CCONJ	_	12 culture	cc
12	culture	culture	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 food	conj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 adjective	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	connect	participle		adjective and Punjab's people and food or culture not said here				with the Punjab	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with punjab=Co-Patient

Example 1

My friend Harpreet speaks Punjabi at home.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 friend	nmod:poss
2	friend	friend	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 speaks	nsubj
3	Harpreet	Harpreet	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 friend	appos
4	speaks	speak	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	Punjabi	Punjabi	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 speaks	obj
6	at	at	ADP	_	7 home	case
7	home	home	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 speaks	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 speaks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	speak speech: other	present	My friend	Punjabi		home			tree rules

Example 2

We learned to count to ten in Punjabi.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 learned	nsubj
2	learned	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	PART	_	4 count	mark
4	count	count	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 learned	xcomp
5	to	to	ADP	_	6 ten	case
6	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 count	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Punjabi	case
8	Punjabi	Punjabi	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 count	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 learned	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	learn	past	We						vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	count	to-infinitive	We not said here			Punjabi		to ten	vn matter-91 «NP V PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ten=Experiencer

Example 3

Punjabi is written in two different scripts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Punjabi	Punjabi	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 written	nsubj:pass
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 written	aux:pass
3	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 scripts	case
5	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 scripts	nummod
6	different	different	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 scripts	amod
7	scripts	script	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 written	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 written	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	present · passive		Punjabi		two different scripts			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in script=Destination

Example 4

The restaurant serves Punjabi food.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 restaurant	det
2	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 serves	nsubj
3	serves	serve	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Punjabi	Punjabi	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 food	compound
5	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 serves	obj
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 serves	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	serve	present	the restaurant	Punjabi food					vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Attribute

Example 5

Her grandparents are Punjabi.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 grandparents	nmod:poss
2	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 Punjabi	nsubj
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 Punjabi	cop
4	Punjabi	Punjabi	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 Punjabi	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Her grandparents	Punjabi					tree rules

Example 6

Bhangra is lively Punjabi dance music.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Bhangra	Bhangra	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 music	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 music	cop
3	lively	lively	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 music	amod
4	Punjabi	Punjabi	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 music	compound
5	dance	dance	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 music	compound
6	music	music	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 music	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Bhangra	lively Punjabi dance music					tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/P/punjabi/