punt

Who acts: kick, We, you, kicker, I, punt · What happens: bottom, push, travel, drop, kick, hit · To what, where: long bottomed boat, river, punt, pole, river bed, ball

«punt» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: punt in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A long, flat-bottomed boat with square ends, pushed along a river with a long pole.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 boat	det
2	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 boat	amod
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	2 long	punct
4	flat	flat	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 bottomed	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 flat	punct
6	bottomed	bottom	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	7 boat	amod
7	boat	boat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pushed	nsubj:pass
8	with	with	ADP	_	10 ends	case
9	square	square	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 ends	compound
10	ends	end	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 boat	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 pushed	punct
12	pushed	push	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
13	along	along	ADP	_	15 river	case
14	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 river	det
15	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pushed	obl
16	with	with	ADP	_	19 pole	case
17	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 pole	det
18	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 pole	amod
19	pole	pole	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 pushed	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 pushed	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	bottom	participle							tree rules
2	push	participle · passive		a long bottomed boat with square ends		a river		with a long pole	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme along river=Trajectory

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To travel in a punt by pushing a pole against the river bed.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 travel	mark
2	travel	travel	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 punt	case
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 punt	det
5	punt	punt	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 travel	obl
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 pushing	mark
7	pushing	push	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 travel	advcl
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 pole	det
9	pole	pole	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pushing	obj
10	against	against	ADP	_	13 bed	case
11	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 bed	det
12	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 bed	compound
13	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pushing	obl
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 travel	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	travel	to-infinitive				a punt			vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in punt=Trajectory
2	push	gerund		a pole		the river bed			vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent pole=Theme against bed=Trajectory

Meaning 3

Usage: sport — kept apart, not parsed.

A kick in which the ball is dropped from the hands and kicked before it hits the ground, used in rugby, American football and Australian rules.

The tree, 26 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 kick	det
2	kick	kick	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hits	nsubj
3	in	in	ADP	_	4 which	case
4	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	8 dropped	obl
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 ball	det
6	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 dropped	nsubj
7	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 dropped	aux:pass
8	dropped	drop	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 kick	acl:relcl
9	from	from	ADP	_	11 hands	case
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 hands	det
11	hands	hand	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 dropped	obl
12	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 kicked	cc
13	kicked	kick	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	8 dropped	conj
14	before	before	ADP	_	15 it	case
15	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 kicked	obl
16	hits	hit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
17	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	18 ground	det
18	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 hits	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 used	punct
20	used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	16 hits	advcl
21	in	in	ADP	_	22 rugby	case
22	rugby	rugby	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 used	obl
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	25 football	punct
24	American	American	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 football	amod
25	football	football	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 rugby	appos
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 rules	cc
27	Australian	Australian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	28 rules	amod
28	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 football	conj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	16 hits	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drop	present · passive		the ball	a kick		from the hands	vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme in which=Destination from hand=Initial_Location
2	kick	participle				before ball		vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient
3	hit	present	a kick	the ground				vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme ground=Co-Theme
4	use	participle	a kick not said here		rugby			vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

Meaning 4

Usage: informal, UK, Ireland, Australia — kept apart, not parsed.

A bet or a guess: «take a punt on it».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 bet	det
2	bet	bet	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 guess	cc
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 guess	det
5	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 bet	conj
6	:	:	PUNCT	_	8 take	punct
7	«	«	PUNCT	_	8 take	punct
8	take	take	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	2 bet	parataxis
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 punt	det
10	punt	punt	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 take	obj
11	on	on	ADP	_	12 it	case
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 take	obl
13	»	»	PUNCT	_	8 take	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 bet	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	take in a quote	infinitive		a punt		punt			vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent punt=Theme on it=Destination

Meaning 5

Usage: history, Ireland — kept apart, not parsed.

The Irish pound, Ireland's money before the euro in 2002.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pound	det
2	Irish	Irish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 pound	amod
3	pound	pound	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 money	nsubj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 pound	punct
5	Ireland	Ireland	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 money	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 Ireland	case
7	money	money	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	before	before	ADP	_	10 euro	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 euro	det
10	euro	euro	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 money	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 2002	case
12	2002	2002	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	10 euro	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 money	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

We went punting on the river in Cambridge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 went	nsubj
2	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	punting	punt	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	2 went	xcomp
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 river	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 river	det
6	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 punting	obl
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 Cambridge	case
8	Cambridge	Cambridge	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 punting	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	We						vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
2	punt	gerund	We not said here			the river		in Cambridge	vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent on river=Destination

Example 2

Push the pole down to the river bed to punt.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Push	push	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 pole	det
3	pole	pole	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Push	obj
4	down	down	ADV	_	1 Push	advmod
5	to	to	ADP	_	8 bed	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 bed	det
7	river	river	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 bed	compound
8	bed	bed	NOUN	Number=Sing	1 Push	obl
9	to	to	PART	_	10 punt	mark
10	punt	punt	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	1 Push	advcl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Push	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	push down	imperative	you not said here	the pole		the river bed		down property	vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent pole=Theme to bed=Trajectory
2	punt	to-infinitive	you not said here						vn vehicle-51.4.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme

Example 3

The kicker punted the ball down the field.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 kicker	det
2	kicker	kicker	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 punted	nsubj
3	punted	punt	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 ball	det
5	ball	ball	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 punted	obj
6	down	down	ADP	_	8 field	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 field	det
8	field	field	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 punted	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 punted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	punt	past	the kicker	the ball		the field			vn vehicle-51.4.1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent ball=Theme down field=Trajectory

Example 4

I don't know the answer, but I'll take a punt: is it twelve?

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	4 know	nsubj
2	do	do	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 know	aux
3	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	4 know	advmod
4	know	know	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 answer	det
6	answer	answer	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 know	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 take	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	11 take	cc
9	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 take	nsubj
10	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 take	aux
11	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 know	conj
12	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	13 punt	det
13	punt	punt	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 take	obj
14	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 twelve	punct
15	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	17 twelve	cop
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 twelve	nsubj
17	twelve	twelve	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	4 know	parataxis
18	?	?	PUNCT	_	4 know	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	not know	present · do-support	I	the answer	vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer answer=Stimulus
2	take	future	I	a punt	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent punt=Theme
3	is a	present	punt	twelve	tree rules

Example 5

Grandad still talks about prices in punts.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 talks	nsubj
2	still	still	ADV	_	3 talks	advmod
3	talks	talk	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	about	about	ADP	_	5 prices	case
5	prices	price	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 talks	obl
6	in	in	ADP	_	7 punts	case
7	punts	punt	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 prices	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 talks	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	talk	present	Grandad				still	about prices in punts	vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about price=Topic

Example 6

The punt drifted slowly under the bridge.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 punt	det
2	punt	punt	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drifted	nsubj
3	drifted	drift	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	3 drifted	advmod
5	under	under	ADP	_	7 bridge	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 bridge	det
7	bridge	bridge	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 drifted	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 drifted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	drift	past	the punt			the bridge		slowly property	vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under bridge=Trajectory

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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