quail Who acts: quail, small bird, hunters, boy, you, soldiers · What happens: be, hunt, lose, shoot, quail, sight · To what, where: small bird, fear, courage, two quails, wolf, quail
«quail» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 4 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: quail in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A quail is a small bird like a partridge, which people hunt for food.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj cop det amod case det nmod punct nsubj nsubj parataxis case obl punct root A DET quail NOUN is AUX a DET small ADJ bird NOUN like ADP a DET partridge NOUN , PUNCT which PRON people NOUN hunt VERB for ADP food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 quail det 2 quail quail NOUN Number=Sing 6 bird nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bird cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 bird det 5 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 6 bird amod 6 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 like like ADP _ 9 partridge case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 partridge det 9 partridge partridge NOUN Number=Sing 6 bird nmod 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 hunt punct 11 which which PRON PronType=Rel 13 hunt nsubj 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 13 hunt nsubj 13 hunt hunt VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 bird parataxis 14 for for ADP _ 15 food case 15 food food NOUN Number=Sing 13 hunt obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 6 bird punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a quail a small bird like a partridge tree rules 2 hunt present a small bird for food vn hunt-35.1 «NP V PP.theme PP.location»: agent=Agent for food=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To quail is to shrink back in fear, to lose courage.
case obl cop mark advmod case obl punct mark conj obj punct root To ADP quail NOUN is AUX to PART shrink VERB back ADV in ADP fear NOUN , PUNCT to PART lose VERB courage NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to ADP _ 2 quail case 2 quail quail NOUN Number=Sing 5 shrink obl 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 shrink cop 4 to to PART _ 5 shrink mark 5 shrink shrink VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 6 back back ADV _ 5 shrink advmod 7 in in ADP _ 8 fear case 8 fear fear NOUN Number=Sing 5 shrink obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 11 lose punct 10 to to PART _ 11 lose mark 11 lose lose VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 shrink conj 12 courage courage NOUN Number=Sing 11 lose obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 shrink punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present fear to quail; shrink property tree rules 2 lose to-infinitive courage vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Eventuality
Example 1 The hunters shot two quails for supper.
det nsubj nummod obj case nmod punct root The DET hunters NOUN shot VERB two NUM quails NOUN for ADP supper NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 hunters det 2 hunters hunter NOUN Number=Plur 3 shot nsubj 3 shot shoot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 two two NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 5 quails nummod 5 quails quail NOUN Number=Plur 3 shot obj 6 for for ADP _ 7 supper case 7 supper supper NOUN Number=Sing 5 quails nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 shot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shoot past the hunters two quails for supper vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Theme
Example 2 The boy quailed at the sight of the wolf.
det nsubj case det obl case det nmod punct root The DET boy NOUN quailed VERB at ADP the DET sight NOUN of ADP the DET wolf NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 boy det 2 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 3 quailed nsubj 3 quailed quail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 at at ADP _ 6 sight case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sight det 6 sight sight NOUN Number=Sing 3 quailed obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 wolf case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 wolf det 9 wolf wolf NOUN Number=Sing 6 sight nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 quailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 quail past the boy at the sight of the wolf vn flinch-40.5 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer at sight=Stimulus 2 sight the wolf nom sight «cognition transitive»: of=patient
Example 3 Do not quail; be brave.
advmod obj punct cop conj punct root Do VERB not PART quail NOUN ; PUNCT be AUX brave ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Do do VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 not not PART Polarity=Neg 3 quail advmod 3 quail quail NOUN Number=Sing 1 Do obj 4 ; ; PUNCT _ 6 brave punct 5 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 6 brave cop 6 brave brave ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Do conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 1 Do punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 do imperative you not said here quail vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quail=Eventuality 2 is infinitive you not said here brave property tree rules
Example 4 The soldiers quailed before the giant.
det nsubj case det obl punct root The DET soldiers NOUN quailed VERB before ADP the DET giant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 soldiers det 2 soldiers soldier NOUN Number=Plur 3 quailed nsubj 3 quailed quail VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 before before ADP _ 6 giant case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 giant det 6 giant giant NOUN Number=Sing 3 quailed obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 quailed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 quail past the soldiers before the giant vn flinch-40.5 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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