radiation Who acts: Radiation, energy, radioactive things, that, heat, Sun · What happens: be, travel, mean, give off, harm, use · To what, where: energy, dangerous kind, living things, large amounts, medical treatment, strong rays
«radiation» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: radiation in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Radiation is energy that travels as invisible waves or tiny particles, like light, heat, X-rays and radio waves.
The tree, 19 words nsubj cop nsubj acl:relcl case amod obl cc amod conj punct case conj punct conj punct compound punct conj cc compound conj punct root Radiation NOUN is AUX energy NOUN that PRON travels VERB as ADP invisible ADJ waves NOUN or CCONJ tiny ADJ particles NOUN , PUNCT like ADP light NOUN , PUNCT heat NOUN , PUNCT X NOUN - PUNCT rays NOUN and CCONJ radio NOUN waves NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 3 energy nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 energy cop 3 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 that that PRON PronType=Rel 5 travels nsubj 5 travels travel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 energy acl:relcl 6 as as ADP _ 8 waves case 7 invisible invisible ADJ Degree=Pos 8 waves amod 8 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 5 travels obl 9 or or CCONJ _ 11 particles cc 10 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 11 particles amod 11 particles particle NOUN Number=Plur 8 waves conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 14 light punct 13 like like ADP _ 14 light case 14 light light NOUN Number=Sing 8 waves conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 heat punct 16 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 8 waves conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 20 rays punct 18 X x NOUN Number=Sing 20 rays compound 19 - - PUNCT _ 18 X punct 20 rays ray NOUN Number=Plur 8 waves conj 21 and and CCONJ _ 23 waves cc 22 radio radio NOUN Number=Sing 23 waves compound 23 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 8 waves conj 24 . . PUNCT _ 3 energy punct
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1 is a present Radiation energy tree rules 2 travel present energy as invisible waves or tiny particles and light and heat and X rays and radio waves vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Radiation often means the dangerous kind given off by radioactive things, which can harm living things in large amounts.
The tree, 19 words nsubj advmod det amod obj acl compound:prt case amod obl punct nsubj aux acl:relcl amod obj case amod obl punct root Radiation NOUN often ADV means VERB the DET dangerous ADJ kind NOUN given VERB off ADP by ADP radioactive ADJ things NOUN , PUNCT which PRON can AUX harm VERB living ADJ things NOUN in ADP large ADJ amounts NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 3 means nsubj 2 often often ADV _ 3 means advmod 3 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 kind det 5 dangerous dangerous ADJ Degree=Pos 6 kind amod 6 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing 3 means obj 7 given give VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 kind acl 8 off off ADP _ 7 given compound:prt 9 by by ADP _ 11 things case 10 radioactive radioactive ADJ Degree=Pos 11 things amod 11 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 7 given obl 12 , , PUNCT _ 15 harm punct 13 which which PRON PronType=Rel 15 harm nsubj 14 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 15 harm aux 15 harm harm VERB VerbForm=Inf 11 things acl:relcl 16 living living ADJ Degree=Pos 17 things amod 17 things thing NOUN Number=Plur 15 harm obj 18 in in ADP _ 20 amounts case 19 large large ADJ Degree=Pos 20 amounts amod 20 amounts amount NOUN Number=Plur 15 harm obl 21 . . PUNCT _ 3 means punct
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1 mean present Radiation the dangerous kind often property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kind=Topic 2 give off participle the dangerous kind not said here by radioactive things vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source 3 harm can radioactive things living things large amounts vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus thing=Experiencer
Meaning 3 Radiation is a medical treatment for some cancers that uses strong rays.
nsubj cop det amod case det nmod nsubj parataxis amod obj punct root Radiation NOUN is AUX a DET medical ADJ treatment NOUN for ADP some DET cancers NOUN that PRON uses VERB strong ADJ rays NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 5 treatment nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 treatment cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 treatment det 4 medical medical ADJ Degree=Pos 5 treatment amod 5 treatment treatment NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 for for ADP _ 8 cancers case 7 some some DET PronType=Ind 8 cancers det 8 cancers cancer NOUN Number=Plur 5 treatment nmod 9 that that PRON PronType=Rel 10 uses nsubj 10 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 treatment parataxis 11 strong strong ADJ Degree=Pos 12 rays amod 12 rays ray NOUN Number=Plur 10 uses obj 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 treatment punct
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1 is a present Radiation a medical treatment for some cancers tree rules 2 use present that strong rays vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ray=Patient
Example 1 The Sun's heat reaches us by radiation.
det nmod:poss case nsubj obj case obl punct root The DET Sun PROPN 's PART heat NOUN reaches VERB us PRON by ADP radiation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 Sun det 2 Sun Sun PROPN Number=Sing 4 heat nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 Sun case 4 heat heat NOUN Number=Sing 5 reaches nsubj 5 reaches reach VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 5 reaches obj 7 by by ADP _ 8 radiation case 8 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 5 reaches obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 reaches punct
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1 reach present the Sun's heat us by radiation vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent we=Theme 2 heat the Sun nom heat «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent
Example 2 UV radiation from the sun can burn your skin.
compound nsubj case det nmod aux nmod:poss obj punct root UV NOUN radiation NOUN from ADP the DET sun NOUN can AUX burn VERB your PRON skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 UV ultra-violet NOUN Abbr=Yes Number=Sing 2 radiation compound 2 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 7 burn nsubj 3 from from ADP _ 5 sun case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 sun det 5 sun sun NOUN Number=Sing 2 radiation nmod 6 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 7 burn aux 7 burn burn VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 skin nmod:poss 9 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 7 burn obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 burn punct
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1 burn can UV radiation from the sun your skin vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent skin=Theme
Example 3 X-rays are a kind of radiation.
compound punct nsubj cop det case nmod punct root X NOUN - PUNCT rays NOUN are AUX a DET kind NOUN of ADP radiation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 X x NOUN Number=Sing 3 rays compound 2 - - PUNCT _ 1 X punct 3 rays ray NOUN Number=Plur 6 kind nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 kind cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 kind det 6 kind kind NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 of of ADP _ 8 radiation case 8 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 6 kind nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 kind punct
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1 is a present X rays a kind of radiation tree rules
Example 4 A fire warms you by radiation.
det nsubj obj case obl punct root A DET fire NOUN warms VERB you PRON by ADP radiation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 fire det 2 fire fire NOUN Number=Sing 3 warms nsubj 3 warms warm VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 you you PRON Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs 3 warms obj 5 by by ADP _ 6 radiation case 6 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 3 warms obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 warms punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 warm present a fire you by radiation vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent you=Patient
Example 5 The sign warned of radiation danger.
det nsubj case compound obl punct root The DET sign NOUN warned VERB of ADP radiation NOUN danger NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 sign det 2 sign sign NOUN Number=Sing 3 warned nsubj 3 warned warn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 danger case 5 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 6 danger compound 6 danger danger NOUN Number=Sing 3 warned obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 warned punct
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1 warn speech: warn past the sign of radiation danger vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent of danger=Topic
Example 6 Her aunt had radiation treatment in hospital.
nmod:poss nsubj compound obj case nmod punct root Her PRON aunt NOUN had VERB radiation NOUN treatment NOUN in ADP hospital NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 5 treatment compound 5 treatment treatment NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 6 in in ADP _ 7 hospital case 7 hospital hospital NOUN Number=Sing 5 treatment nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
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1 have past Her aunt radiation treatment hospital vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent treatment=Patient
Example 7 Mobile phones use radio waves, a weak radiation.
amod nsubj compound obj punct det amod nmod punct root Mobile ADJ phones NOUN use VERB radio NOUN waves NOUN , PUNCT a DET weak ADJ radiation NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Mobile mobile ADJ Degree=Pos 2 phones amod 2 phones phone NOUN Number=Plur 3 use nsubj 3 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 radio radio NOUN Number=Sing 5 waves compound 5 waves wave NOUN Number=Plur 3 use obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 radiation punct 7 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 radiation det 8 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 9 radiation amod 9 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 5 waves nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Mobile phones radio waves a weak radiation vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wave=Patient
Example 8 Dark clothes absorb more radiation from the sun.
amod nsubj amod obj case det obl root Dark ADJ clothes NOUN absorb VERB more ADJ radiation NOUN from ADP the DET sun. NOUN The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dark dark ADJ Degree=Pos 2 clothes amod 2 clothes clothes NOUN Number=Ptan 3 absorb nsubj 3 absorb absorb VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 radiation amod 5 radiation radiation NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorb obj 6 from from ADP _ 8 sun. case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 sun. det 8 sun. sun. NOUN Number=Sing 3 absorb obl
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 absorb present Dark clothes more radiation the sun. vn absorb-39.8 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Goal radiation=Theme from sun.=Source
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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