raf

Who acts: RAAF, great grandad, RAF, Red Arrows, RAF base, She · What happens: found, be, name, fly, win, join · To what, where: RAF, 1918, same way, Spitfires, Battle, 1940

«raf» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: raf in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: abbreviation — kept apart, not parsed.

The RAF: the Royal Air Force, the air force of the United Kingdom, founded in 1918.

The tree, 16 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 RAF	det
2	RAF	raf	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	:	:	PUNCT	_	7 Force	punct
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 Force	det
5	Royal	Royal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 Force	amod
6	Air	Air	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 Force	compound
7	Force	Force	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 RAF	nmod
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 force	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 force	det
10	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 force	compound
11	force	force	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 Force	appos
12	of	of	ADP	_	15 Kingdom	case
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 Kingdom	det
14	United	United	PROPN	_	15 Kingdom	flat
15	Kingdom	Kingdom	PROPN	Number=Sing	11 force	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 founded	punct
17	founded	found	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 RAF	acl
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 1918	case
19	1918	1918	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	17 founded	obl
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 RAF	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	found	participle		the RAF the Royal Air Force not said here		1918			vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: Australia, NZ, Canada — kept apart, not parsed.

RAAF, RNZAF and RCAF are the Royal Australian, New Zealand and Canadian Air Forces, named in the same way.

The tree, 19 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	RAAF	RAAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Australian	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 RNZAF	punct
3	RNZAF	RNZAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 RAAF	flat
4	and	and	CCONJ	_	5 RCAF	cc
5	RCAF	RCAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 RAAF	conj
6	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 Australian	cop
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Australian	det
8	Royal	Royal	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Australian	compound
9	Australian	Australian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 Zealand	punct
11	New	New	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 Zealand	flat
12	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 Australian	obl
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 Forces	cc
14	Canadian	Canadian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 Forces	compound
15	Air	Air	PROPN	Number=Sing	16 Forces	compound
16	Forces	Force	PROPN	Number=Plur	12 Zealand	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 named	punct
18	named	name	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	9 Australian	conj
19	in	in	ADP	_	22 way	case
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 way	det
21	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 way	amod
22	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 named	obl
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 Australian	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	RAAF and RCAF					New Zealand and Canadian Air Forces obl; australian property	tree rules
2	name	participle	RAAF and RCAF not said here			the same way			vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

Example 1

My great-grandad flew Spitfires in the RAF.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	My	my	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 grandad	nmod:poss
2	great	great	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 grandad	amod
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	2 great	punct
4	grandad	grandad	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 flew	nsubj
5	flew	fly	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	Spitfires	spitfire	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 flew	obj
7	in	in	ADP	_	9 RAF	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 RAF	det
9	RAF	RAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 flew	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 flew	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	fly	past	My great grandad	Spitfires		the RAF			vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent spitfire=Theme in raf=Location

Example 2

The RAF won the Battle of Britain in 1940.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 RAF	det
2	RAF	RAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 won	nsubj
3	won	win	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 Battle	det
5	Battle	Battle	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 won	obj
6	of	of	ADP	_	7 Britain	case
7	Britain	Britain	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 Battle	nmod
8	in	in	ADP	_	9 1940	case
9	1940	1940	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	3 won	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 won	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	win	past	the RAF	the Battle of Britain		1940			vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality

Example 3

The Red Arrows are the RAF's display team.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Arrows	det
2	Red	Red	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 Arrows	compound
3	Arrows	Arrow	PROPN	Number=Plur	9 team	nsubj
4	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 team	cop
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 RAF	det
6	RAF	RAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	9 team	nmod:poss
7	's	's	PART	_	6 RAF	case
8	display	display	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 team	compound
9	team	team	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 team	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the Red Arrows	the RAF's display team					tree rules

Example 4

There is an RAF base near our town.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 is	expl
2	is	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 base	det
4	RAF	raf	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 base	compound
5	base	base	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 is	nsubj
6	near	near	ADP	_	8 town	case
7	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 town	nmod:poss
8	town	town	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 base	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 is	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	present	a RAF base near our town			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Example 5

She joined the RAF as an engineer.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 joined	nsubj
2	joined	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 RAF	det
4	RAF	RAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 joined	obj
5	as	as	ADP	_	7 engineer	case
6	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 engineer	det
7	engineer	engineer	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 joined	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 joined	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	join	past	She	the RAF				as a engineer	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent raf=Patient

Example 6

Winston Churchill praised the RAF pilots as «the few».

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Winston	Winston	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 praised	nsubj
2	Churchill	Churchill	PROPN	Number=Sing	1 Winston	flat
3	praised	praise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 pilots	det
5	RAF	RAF	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 pilots	compound
6	pilots	pilot	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 praised	obj
7	as	as	SCONJ	_	10 few	mark
8	«	«	PUNCT	_	10 few	punct
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 few	det
10	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 praised	obl
11	»	»	PUNCT	_	10 few	punct
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 praised	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	praise	past	Winston	the RAF pilots				the few obl	vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pilot=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/R/raf/