relative Who acts: relative, relative pronoun, We, aunt, Lions, ant · What happens: be, mean, compare, join, visit, come · To what, where: person, family, clause, relatives, Christmas, Canada · Speech: someone speaks here
«relative» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: relative in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A relative is a person in your family, like an aunt, uncle, cousin or grandparent.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj cop det case nmod:poss nmod punct case det conj punct conj punct appos cc conj punct root A DET relative NOUN is AUX a DET person NOUN in ADP your PRON family NOUN , PUNCT like ADP an DET aunt NOUN , PUNCT uncle NOUN , PUNCT cousin NOUN or CCONJ grandparent NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 relative det 2 relative relative NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 person cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 person det 5 person person NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 in in ADP _ 8 family case 7 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 family nmod:poss 8 family family NOUN Number=Sing 5 person nmod 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 aunt punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 aunt case 11 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 aunt det 12 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 5 person conj 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 uncle punct 14 uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 12 aunt conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 cousin punct 16 cousin cousin NOUN Number=Sing 12 aunt appos 17 or or CCONJ _ 18 grandparent cc 18 grandparent grandparent NOUN Number=Sing 16 cousin conj 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 person punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a relative a person and a aunt and uncle your family tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 As an adjective, relative means compared with something else, like «relative size».
The tree, 12 words case det obl punct nsubj ccomp case obl advmod punct case punct amod appos punct punct root As ADP an DET adjective NOUN , PUNCT relative NOUN means VERB compared VERB with ADP something PRON else ADV , PUNCT like ADP « PUNCT relative ADJ size NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 As as ADP _ 3 adjective case 2 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 adjective det 3 adjective adjective NOUN Number=Sing 6 means obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 adjective punct 5 relative relative NOUN Number=Sing 6 means nsubj 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 compared compare VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 means ccomp 8 with with ADP _ 9 something case 9 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 7 compared obl 10 else else ADV _ 9 something advmod 11 , , PUNCT _ 15 size punct 12 like like ADP _ 15 size case 13 « « PUNCT _ 15 size punct 14 relative relative ADJ Degree=Pos 15 size amod 15 size size NOUN Number=Sing 9 something appos 16 » » PUNCT _ 15 size punct 17 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present relative as a adjective vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 2 compare participle with something vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Patient with something=Co-Patient
Meaning 3 In grammar, a relative pronoun (who, which, that) joins a clause to a noun.
The tree, 14 words case punct det amod appos punct nsubj punct nsubj punct nsubj punct acl:relcl det obj case det obl punct root In ADP grammar NOUN , PUNCT a DET relative ADJ pronoun NOUN ( PUNCT who PRON , PUNCT which PRON , PUNCT that PRON ) PUNCT joins VERB a DET clause NOUN to ADP a DET noun NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 2 grammar case 2 grammar grammar NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 , , PUNCT _ 6 pronoun punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 pronoun det 5 relative relative ADJ Degree=Pos 6 pronoun amod 6 pronoun pronoun NOUN Number=Sing 2 grammar appos 7 ( ( PUNCT _ 8 who punct 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 14 joins nsubj 9 , , PUNCT _ 14 joins punct 10 which which PRON PronType=Rel 14 joins nsubj 11 , , PUNCT _ 10 which punct 12 that that PRON Number=Sing PronType=Dem 10 which nsubj 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 10 which punct 14 joins join VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 pronoun acl:relcl 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 clause det 16 clause clause NOUN Number=Sing 14 joins obj 17 to to ADP _ 19 noun case 18 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 19 noun det 19 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 14 joins obl 20 . . PUNCT _ 2 grammar punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 join present a relative pronoun a clause to a noun vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent clause=Patient to noun=Co-Patient
Example 1 We visited our relatives at Christmas.
nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl punct root We PRON visited VERB our PRON relatives NOUN at ADP Christmas PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 visited nsubj 2 visited visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 our our PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 4 relatives nmod:poss 4 relatives relative NOUN Number=Plur 2 visited obj 5 at at ADP _ 6 Christmas case 6 Christmas Christmas PROPN Number=Sing 2 visited obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 visited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit past We our relatives Christmas vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relative=Co-Agent
Example 2 My aunt is my closest relative in Canada.
nmod:poss nsubj cop nmod:poss amod case obl punct root My PRON aunt NOUN is AUX my PRON closest ADJ relative ADJ in ADP Canada PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 aunt nmod:poss 2 aunt aunt NOUN Number=Sing 6 relative nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 relative cop 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 relative nmod:poss 5 closest close ADJ Degree=Sup 6 relative amod 6 relative relative ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 in in ADP _ 8 Canada case 8 Canada Canada PROPN Number=Sing 6 relative obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 6 relative punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present My aunt Canada relative property tree rules
Example 3 Lions and house cats are distant relatives.
nsubj cc compound conj cop amod punct root Lions NOUN and CCONJ house NOUN cats NOUN are AUX distant ADJ relatives NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Lions lion NOUN Number=Plur 7 relatives nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 4 cats cc 3 house house NOUN Number=Sing 4 cats compound 4 cats cat NOUN Number=Plur 1 Lions conj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 relatives cop 6 distant distant ADJ Degree=Pos 7 relatives amod 7 relatives relative NOUN Number=Plur root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 relatives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Lions and house cats distant relatives tree rules
Example 4 The ant is tiny relative to the elephant.
det nsubj cop amod case det nmod punct root The DET ant NOUN is AUX tiny ADJ relative NOUN to ADP the DET elephant NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 ant det 2 ant ant NOUN Number=Sing 5 relative nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 relative cop 4 tiny tiny ADJ Degree=Pos 5 relative amod 5 relative relative NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to ADP _ 8 elephant case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 elephant det 8 elephant elephant NOUN Number=Sing 5 relative nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 relative punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present the ant tiny relative to the elephant tree rules
Example 5 «Who» is a relative pronoun.
punct nsubj punct cop det amod punct root « PUNCT Who PRON » PUNCT is AUX a DET relative ADJ pronoun NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Who punct 2 Who who PRON PronType=Rel 7 pronoun nsubj 3 » » PUNCT _ 2 Who punct 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 pronoun cop 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 pronoun det 6 relative relative ADJ Degree=Pos 7 pronoun amod 7 pronoun pronoun NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 . . PUNCT _ 7 pronoun punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a relative pronoun tree rules
Example 6 Many relatives came to the wedding.
amod nsubj case det obl punct root Many ADJ relatives NOUN came VERB to ADP the DET wedding NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Many many ADJ Degree=Pos 2 relatives amod 2 relatives relative NOUN Number=Plur 3 came nsubj 3 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 to to ADP _ 6 wedding case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 wedding det 6 wedding wedding NOUN Number=Sing 3 came obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 came punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 come past Many relatives the wedding vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to wedding=Initial_Location
Example 7 The test was relatively easy.
det nsubj cop advmod punct root The DET test NOUN was AUX relatively ADV easy ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 test det 2 test test NOUN Number=Sing 5 easy nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 easy cop 4 relatively relatively ADV _ 5 easy advmod 5 easy easy ADJ Degree=Pos root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 easy punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is past the test easy, relatively property tree rules
Example 8 A Town Mouse once visited a relative who lived in the country.
det amod nsubj advmod det obj nsubj acl:relcl case det obl punct root A DET Town ADJ Mouse NOUN once ADV visited VERB a DET relative NOUN who PRON lived VERB in ADP the DET country NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 Mouse det 2 Town town ADJ Degree=Pos 3 Mouse amod 3 Mouse mouse NOUN Number=Sing 5 visited nsubj 4 once once ADV NumForm=Word NumType=Mult 5 visited advmod 5 visited visit VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 relative det 7 relative relative NOUN Number=Sing 5 visited obj 8 who who PRON PronType=Rel 9 lived nsubj 9 lived live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 7 relative acl:relcl 10 in in ADP _ 12 country case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 country det 12 country country NOUN Number=Sing 9 lived obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 visited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 visit past a Town Mouse a relative once property vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent relative=Co-Agent 2 live past a relative the country vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in country=Location
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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