respiration Who acts: process, Respiration, Plants, rate, Artificial respiration · What happens: take, let out, live, use, release, give off · To what, where: air, lungs, oxygen, energy, carbon dioxide, living cell
«respiration» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: respiration in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Breathing: taking air into the lungs and letting it out.
punct conj obj case det obl cc conj obj compound:prt punct root Breathing NOUN : PUNCT taking VERB air NOUN into ADP the DET lungs NOUN and CCONJ letting VERB it PRON out ADP . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Breathing breathing NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 : : PUNCT _ 3 taking punct 3 taking take VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 1 Breathing conj 4 air air NOUN Number=Sing 3 taking obj 5 into into ADP _ 7 lungs case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 lungs det 7 lungs lung NOUN Number=Plur 3 taking obl 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 letting cc 9 letting let VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 taking conj 10 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 letting obj 11 out out ADP _ 9 letting compound:prt 12 . . PUNCT _ 1 Breathing punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 take gerund air the lungs vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent air=Theme into lung=Destination 2 let out gerund air vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.
The process in all living cells that uses oxygen and food (glucose) to release energy, giving off carbon dioxide and water.
The tree, 21 words det case det amod nmod nsubj acl:relcl obj cc conj punct appos punct mark advcl obj punct advcl compound:prt compound obj cc conj punct root The DET process NOUN in ADP all DET living VERB cells NOUN that PRON uses VERB oxygen NOUN and CCONJ food NOUN ( PUNCT glucose NOUN ) PUNCT to PART release VERB energy NOUN , PUNCT giving VERB off ADP carbon NOUN dioxide NOUN and CCONJ water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 process det 2 process process NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 cells case 4 all all DET PronType=Tot 6 cells det 5 living live VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 cells amod 6 cells cell NOUN Number=Plur 2 process nmod 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 uses nsubj 8 uses use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 process acl:relcl 9 oxygen oxygen NOUN Number=Sing 8 uses obj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 food cc 11 food food NOUN Number=Sing 9 oxygen conj 12 ( ( PUNCT _ 13 glucose punct 13 glucose glucose NOUN Number=Sing 11 food appos 14 ) ) PUNCT _ 13 glucose punct 15 to to PART _ 16 release mark 16 release release VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 uses advcl 17 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 16 release obj 18 , , PUNCT _ 19 giving punct 19 giving give VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 16 release advcl 20 off off ADP _ 19 giving compound:prt 21 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 22 dioxide compound 22 dioxide dioxide NOUN Number=Sing 19 giving obj 23 and and CCONJ _ 24 water cc 24 water water NOUN Number=Sing 22 dioxide conj 25 . . PUNCT _ 2 process punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live gerund vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 use present the process in all living cells oxygen and food vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Patient 3 release to-infinitive the process in all living cells not said here energy vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer energy=Source 4 give off gerund the process in all living cells not said here carbon dioxide and water vn substance_emission-43.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Source dioxide=Theme
Example 1 Respiration happens in every living cell.
nsubj case det compound obl punct root Respiration NOUN happens VERB in ADP every DET living NOUN cell NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Respiration respiration NOUN Number=Sing 2 happens nsubj 2 happens happen VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 in in ADP _ 6 cell case 4 every every DET PronType=Tot 6 cell det 5 living living NOUN Number=Sing 6 cell compound 6 cell cell NOUN Number=Sing 2 happens obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 happens punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 happen present Respiration every living cell vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in cell=Location
Example 2 Respiration releases energy from food.
nsubj obj case obl punct root Respiration NOUN releases VERB energy NOUN from ADP food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Respiration respiration NOUN Number=Sing 2 releases nsubj 2 releases release VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 energy energy NOUN Number=Sing 2 releases obj 4 from from ADP _ 5 food case 5 food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 releases obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 releases punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 release present Respiration energy food vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer energy=Source
Example 3 Plants carry out respiration all the time, even at night.
nsubj compound:prt obj det:predet det obl:unmarked punct advmod case obl punct root Plants NOUN carry VERB out ADP respiration NOUN all DET the DET time NOUN , PUNCT even ADV at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 carry nsubj 2 carry carry VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 out out ADP _ 2 carry compound:prt 4 respiration respiration NOUN Number=Sing 2 carry obj 5 all all DET PronType=Tot 7 time det:predet 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 time det 7 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 carry obl:unmarked 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 night punct 9 even even ADV _ 11 night advmod 10 at at ADP _ 11 night case 11 night night NOUN Number=Sing 2 carry obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 carry punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 carry out present Plants respiration night; time vn act-114 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent respiration=Eventuality
Example 4 After running, my rate of respiration was 30 breaths a minute.
mark advcl punct nmod:poss nsubj case nmod cop nummod det nmod:unmarked punct root After SCONJ running VERB , PUNCT my PRON rate NOUN of ADP respiration NOUN was AUX 30 NUM breaths NOUN a DET minute NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after SCONJ _ 2 running mark 2 running run VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 rate advcl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 running punct 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 rate nmod:poss 5 rate rate NOUN Number=Sing 10 breaths nsubj 6 of of ADP _ 7 respiration case 7 respiration respiration NOUN Number=Sing 5 rate nmod 8 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 10 breaths cop 9 30 30 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 10 breaths nummod 10 breaths breath NOUN Number=Plur root root 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 minute det 12 minute minute NOUN Number=Sing 10 breaths nmod:unmarked 13 . . PUNCT _ 10 breaths punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run gerund my rate of respiration not said here vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 is a past my rate of respiration 30 breaths minute tree rules
Example 5 Artificial respiration can save a life.
amod nsubj aux det obj punct root Artificial ADJ respiration NOUN can AUX save VERB a DET life NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Artificial artificial ADJ Degree=Pos 2 respiration amod 2 respiration respiration NOUN Number=Sing 4 save nsubj 3 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 4 save aux 4 save save VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 life det 6 life life NOUN Number=Sing 4 save obj 7 . . PUNCT _ 4 save punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 save can Artificial respiration a life vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Theme
Example 6 Respiration produces carbon dioxide and water.
nsubj compound obj cc conj punct root Respiration NOUN produces VERB carbon NOUN dioxide NOUN and CCONJ water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Respiration respiration NOUN Number=Sing 2 produces nsubj 2 produces produce VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 carbon carbon NOUN Number=Sing 4 dioxide compound 4 dioxide dioxide NOUN Number=Sing 2 produces obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 water cc 6 water water NOUN Number=Sing 4 dioxide conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 produces punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 produce present Respiration carbon dioxide and water vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dioxide=Result
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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