rosin Who acts: Rosin, Violin players, hairs, Athletes, Mia, bow · What happens: be, make, rub, grip, use, powder · To what, where: hard sticky coloured substance, tree sap, rosin, bow, strings, sound
«rosin» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rosin in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Rosin is a hard, sticky, amber-coloured substance made from pine tree sap.
The tree, 13 words nsubj cop det amod punct amod punct amod punct amod acl case compound compound obl punct root Rosin NOUN is AUX a DET hard ADJ , PUNCT sticky ADJ , PUNCT amber ADJ - PUNCT coloured ADJ substance NOUN made VERB from ADP pine NOUN tree NOUN sap NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 11 substance nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 11 substance cop 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 substance det 4 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 11 substance amod 5 , , PUNCT _ 4 hard punct 6 sticky sticky ADJ Degree=Pos 11 substance amod 7 , , PUNCT _ 6 sticky punct 8 amber amber ADJ Degree=Pos 10 coloured amod 9 - - PUNCT _ 8 amber punct 10 coloured coloured ADJ Degree=Pos 11 substance amod 11 substance substance NOUN Number=Sing root root 12 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 11 substance acl 13 from from ADP _ 16 sap case 14 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 15 tree compound 15 tree tree NOUN Number=Sing 16 sap compound 16 sap SAP NOUN Number=Sing 12 made obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 11 substance punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Rosin a hard sticky coloured substance tree rules 2 make participle a hard sticky coloured substance not said here tree sap vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from sap=Material
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Violin, viola, cello and double bass players rub rosin on the bow so the hairs grip the strings and make a sound.
The tree, 22 words compound punct conj punct conj cc amod conj nsubj obj case det obl mark det nsubj advcl det obj cc conj det obj punct root Violin NOUN , PUNCT viola NOUN , PUNCT cello NOUN and CCONJ double ADJ bass NOUN players NOUN rub VERB rosin NOUN on ADP the DET bow NOUN so SCONJ the DET hairs NOUN grip VERB the DET strings NOUN and CCONJ make VERB a DET sound NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Violin violin NOUN Number=Sing 9 players compound 2 , , PUNCT _ 3 viola punct 3 viola viola NOUN Number=Sing 1 Violin conj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 cello punct 5 cello cello NOUN Number=Sing 1 Violin conj 6 and and CCONJ _ 8 bass cc 7 double double ADJ Degree=Pos 8 bass amod 8 bass bass NOUN Number=Sing 1 Violin conj 9 players player NOUN Number=Plur 10 rub nsubj 10 rub rub VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 10 rub obj 12 on on ADP _ 14 bow case 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 bow det 14 bow bow NOUN Number=Sing 10 rub obl 15 so so SCONJ _ 18 grip mark 16 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 17 hairs det 17 hairs hair NOUN Number=Plur 18 grip nsubj 18 grip grip VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 rub advcl 19 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 strings det 20 strings string NOUN Number=Plur 18 grip obj 21 and and CCONJ _ 22 make cc 22 make make VERB VerbForm=Inf 18 grip conj 23 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 24 sound det 24 sound sound NOUN Number=Sing 22 make obj 25 . . PUNCT _ 10 rub punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rub present Violin players rosin the bow vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rosin=Theme on bow=Destination 2 grip present the hairs the strings vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent string=Experiencer 3 make infinitive the hairs not said here a sound vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset sound=Product
Meaning 3 Athletes such as gymnasts, dancers, baseball pitchers and climbers use powdered rosin to stop their hands or shoes slipping.
The tree, 19 words nsubj case fixed nmod punct conj punct compound conj cc conj amod obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj cc conj xcomp punct root Athletes NOUN such ADJ as ADP gymnasts NOUN , PUNCT dancers NOUN , PUNCT baseball NOUN pitchers NOUN and CCONJ climbers NOUN use VERB powdered VERB rosin NOUN to PART stop VERB their PRON hands NOUN or CCONJ shoes NOUN slipping VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Athletes athlete NOUN Number=Plur 12 use nsubj 2 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 4 gymnasts case 3 as as ADP _ 2 such fixed 4 gymnasts gymnast NOUN Number=Plur 1 Athletes nmod 5 , , PUNCT _ 6 dancers punct 6 dancers dancer NOUN Number=Plur 4 gymnasts conj 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 pitchers punct 8 baseball baseball NOUN Number=Sing 9 pitchers compound 9 pitchers pitcher NOUN Number=Plur 4 gymnasts conj 10 and and CCONJ _ 11 climbers cc 11 climbers climber NOUN Number=Plur 4 gymnasts conj 12 use use VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 13 powdered powder VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 14 rosin amod 14 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 12 use obj 15 to to PART _ 16 stop mark 16 stop stop VERB VerbForm=Inf 12 use advcl 17 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 18 hands nmod:poss 18 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 16 stop obj 19 or or CCONJ _ 20 shoes cc 20 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 18 hands conj 21 slipping slip VERB VerbForm=Ger 16 stop xcomp 22 . . PUNCT _ 12 use punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 use present Athletes such gymnasts and dancers and baseball pitchers and climbers powdered rosin vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rosin=Patient 2 powder participle vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3 stop to-infinitive Athletes such gymnasts and dancers and baseball pitchers and climbers not said here Athletes's hands or shoes tree rules 4 slip gerund Athletes such gymnasts and dancers and baseball pitchers and climbers not said here vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Meaning 4 To rosin something is to rub rosin on it.
mark advcl obj cop mark obj case obl punct root To PART rosin VERB something PRON is AUX to PART rub VERB rosin NOUN on ADP it PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 rosin mark 2 rosin rosin VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 rub advcl 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 2 rosin obj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 rub cop 5 to to PART _ 6 rub mark 6 rub rub VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 6 rub obj 8 on on ADP _ 9 it case 9 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 rub obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 rub punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rosin to-infinitive something vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent something=Destination 2 is present rosin rub property tree rules
Example 1 Before the concert, Mia rubbed rosin on her violin bow.
case det obl punct nsubj obj case nmod:poss compound obl punct root Before ADP the DET concert NOUN , PUNCT Mia PROPN rubbed VERB rosin NOUN on ADP her PRON violin NOUN bow NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Before before ADP _ 3 concert case 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 concert det 3 concert concert NOUN Number=Sing 6 rubbed obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 concert punct 5 Mia Mia PROPN Number=Sing 6 rubbed nsubj 6 rubbed rub VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 6 rubbed obj 8 on on ADP _ 11 bow case 9 her her PRON Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 11 bow nmod:poss 10 violin violin NOUN Number=Sing 11 bow compound 11 bow bow NOUN Number=Sing 6 rubbed obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 6 rubbed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rub past Mia rosin Mia's violin bow before the concert vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent rosin=Theme before concert=Destination
Example 2 Without rosin, the bow just slides and the cello stays quiet.
case obl punct det nsubj advmod cc det nsubj conj xcomp punct root Without ADP rosin NOUN , PUNCT the DET bow NOUN just ADV slides VERB and CCONJ the DET cello NOUN stays VERB quiet ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Without without ADP _ 2 rosin case 2 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 7 slides obl 3 , , PUNCT _ 2 rosin punct 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 bow det 5 bow bow NOUN Number=Sing 7 slides nsubj 6 just just ADV _ 7 slides advmod 7 slides slide VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 and and CCONJ _ 11 stays cc 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 cello det 10 cello cello NOUN Number=Sing 11 stays nsubj 11 stays stay VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 slides conj 12 quiet quiet ADJ Degree=Pos 11 stays xcomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 7 slides punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 slide present the bow without rosin vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 stay present the cello quiet property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 3 Rosin is made from the sap of pine trees.
nsubj:pass aux:pass case det obl case compound nmod punct root Rosin NOUN is AUX made VERB from ADP the DET sap NOUN of ADP pine NOUN trees NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 3 made nsubj:pass 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 made aux:pass 3 made make VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 from from ADP _ 6 sap case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 sap det 6 sap SAP NOUN Number=Sing 3 made obl 7 of of ADP _ 9 trees case 8 pine pine NOUN Number=Sing 9 trees compound 9 trees tree NOUN Number=Plur 6 sap nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make present · passive Rosin the sap of pine trees vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from sap=Material
Example 4 The ballet dancers dipped their shoes in rosin so they would not slip.
det compound nsubj nmod:poss obj case obl advmod nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root The DET ballet NOUN dancers NOUN dipped VERB their PRON shoes NOUN in ADP rosin NOUN so ADV they PRON would AUX not PART slip VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 dancers det 2 ballet ballet NOUN Number=Sing 3 dancers compound 3 dancers dancer NOUN Number=Plur 4 dipped nsubj 4 dipped dip VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 shoes nmod:poss 6 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 4 dipped obj 7 in in ADP _ 8 rosin case 8 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 4 dipped obl 9 so so ADV _ 13 slip advmod 10 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 slip nsubj 11 would would AUX VerbForm=Fin 13 slip aux 12 not not PART Polarity=Neg 13 slip advmod 13 slip slip VERB VerbForm=Inf 4 dipped advcl 14 . . PUNCT _ 4 dipped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 dip past the ballet dancers dancers's shoes rosin vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme in rosin=Trajectory 2 not slip would dancers = dancer vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
Example 5 The baseball pitcher squeezed the rosin bag before throwing.
det compound nsubj det compound obj mark advcl punct root The DET baseball NOUN pitcher NOUN squeezed VERB the DET rosin NOUN bag NOUN before SCONJ throwing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 pitcher det 2 baseball baseball NOUN Number=Sing 3 pitcher compound 3 pitcher pitcher NOUN Number=Sing 4 squeezed nsubj 4 squeezed squeeze VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 bag det 6 rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 7 bag compound 7 bag bag NOUN Number=Sing 4 squeezed obj 8 before before SCONJ _ 9 throwing mark 9 throwing throw VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 squeezed advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 squeezed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 squeeze past the baseball pitcher the rosin bag vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme 2 throw gerund the baseball pitcher not said here vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 Rosin dust collected on the strings, so he wiped them with a cloth.
The tree, 13 words compound nsubj case det obl punct advmod nsubj conj obj case det obl punct root Rosin NOUN dust NOUN collected VERB on ADP the DET strings NOUN , PUNCT so ADV he PRON wiped VERB them PRON with ADP a DET cloth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rosin rosin NOUN Number=Sing 2 dust compound 2 dust dust NOUN Number=Sing 3 collected nsubj 3 collected collect VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 4 on on ADP _ 6 strings case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 strings det 6 strings string NOUN Number=Plur 3 collected obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 10 wiped punct 8 so so ADV _ 10 wiped advmod 9 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 wiped nsubj 10 wiped wipe VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 collected conj 11 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 wiped obj 12 with with ADP _ 14 cloth case 13 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 14 cloth det 14 cloth cloth NOUN Number=Sing 10 wiped obl 15 . . PUNCT _ 3 collected punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 collect participle Rosin dust the strings vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 wipe past dust strings = string with a cloth vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source
Example 7 Remember to rosin your bow, but not too much!
mark xcomp nmod:poss obj punct cc advmod advmod conj punct root Remember VERB to PART rosin VERB your PRON bow NOUN , PUNCT but CCONJ not PART too ADV much ADJ ! PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Remember remember VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 2 to to PART _ 3 rosin mark 3 rosin rosin VERB VerbForm=Inf 1 Remember xcomp 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 bow nmod:poss 5 bow bow NOUN Number=Sing 3 rosin obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 10 much punct 7 but but CCONJ _ 10 much cc 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 10 much advmod 9 too too ADV _ 10 much advmod 10 much much ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Remember conj 11 ! ! PUNCT _ 1 Remember punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 remember imperative you not said here vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 rosin to-infinitive you not said here your bow vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent bow=Destination
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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