rot Who acts: Sugar, part, apples, Fungi, dead leaves, Sweets · What happens: go, break down, decay, make, rot, not talk · To what, where: something decay, teeth, rot, apples, ground, bottom · Speech: someone speaks here
«rot» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rot in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 To go soft, bad and break down slowly because of bacteria and fungi, like old fruit, wood or dead leaves; to decay.
The tree, 22 words mark advcl xcomp punct conj cc conj compound:prt advmod case fixed obl cc conj punct case amod conj punct conj cc amod conj punct mark punct root To PART go VERB soft ADJ , PUNCT bad ADJ and CCONJ break VERB down ADP slowly ADV because ADP of ADP bacteria NOUN and CCONJ fungi NOUN , PUNCT like ADP old ADJ fruit NOUN , PUNCT wood NOUN or CCONJ dead ADJ leaves NOUN ; PUNCT to PART decay VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 go mark 2 go go VERB VerbForm=Inf 26 decay advcl 3 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 2 go xcomp 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 bad punct 5 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 soft conj 6 and and CCONJ _ 7 break cc 7 break break VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 go conj 8 down down ADP _ 7 break compound:prt 9 slowly slowly ADV _ 7 break advmod 10 because because ADP ExtPos=ADP 12 bacteria case 11 of of ADP _ 10 because fixed 12 bacteria bacterium NOUN Number=Plur 7 break obl 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 fungi cc 14 fungi fungus NOUN Number=Plur 12 bacteria conj 15 , , PUNCT _ 18 fruit punct 16 like like ADP _ 18 fruit case 17 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 18 fruit amod 18 fruit fruit NOUN Number=Sing 12 bacteria conj 19 , , PUNCT _ 20 wood punct 20 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 18 fruit conj 21 or or CCONJ _ 23 leaves cc 22 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 23 leaves amod 23 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 20 wood conj 24 ; ; PUNCT _ 26 decay punct 25 to to PART _ 26 decay mark 26 decay decay VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 27 . . PUNCT _ 26 decay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go to-infinitive soft property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 break down infinitive because bacteria and fungi and old fruit and wood or dead leaves; slowly property vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 decay to-infinitive vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 To make something decay (Sugar rots your teeth).
mark compound obj punct nsubj acl:relcl nmod:poss obj punct punct root To PART make VERB something PRON decay NOUN ( PUNCT Sugar NOUN rots VERB your PRON teeth NOUN ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 To to PART _ 2 make mark 2 make make VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 3 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 4 decay compound 4 decay decay NOUN Number=Sing 2 make obj 5 ( ( PUNCT _ 7 rots punct 6 Sugar sugar NOUN Number=Sing 7 rots nsubj 7 rots rot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 decay acl:relcl 8 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 9 teeth nmod:poss 9 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 7 rots obj 10 ) ) PUNCT _ 7 rots punct 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 make punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make to-infinitive something decay vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset decay=Product 2 rot present Sugar your teeth tree rules
Meaning 3 Rot (noun): the decay itself, or a part that has gone bad.
The tree, 12 words punct appos punct punct det conj nmod:unmarked punct cc det appos nsubj aux acl:relcl xcomp punct root Rot NOUN ( PUNCT noun NOUN ) PUNCT : PUNCT the DET decay NOUN itself PRON , PUNCT or CCONJ a DET part NOUN that PRON has AUX gone VERB bad ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rot rot NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 noun punct 3 noun noun NOUN Number=Sing 1 Rot appos 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 noun punct 5 : : PUNCT _ 7 decay punct 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 decay det 7 decay decay NOUN Number=Sing 1 Rot conj 8 itself itself PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes 7 decay nmod:unmarked 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 part punct 10 or or CCONJ _ 12 part cc 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 part det 12 part part NOUN Number=Sing 1 Rot appos 13 that that PRON PronType=Rel 15 gone nsubj 14 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 gone aux 15 gone go VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 12 part acl:relcl 16 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 15 gone xcomp 17 . . PUNCT _ 1 Rot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go present · perfect a part bad property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Meaning 4 Usage: informal, old British — kept apart, not parsed.
Nonsense (Don't talk rot!).
punct aux advmod appos obj punct punct punct root Nonsense NOUN ( PUNCT Do AUX n't PART talk VERB rot NOUN ! PUNCT ) PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Nonsense nonsense NOUN Number=Sing root root 2 ( ( PUNCT _ 5 talk punct 3 Do do AUX Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 talk aux 4 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 5 talk advmod 5 talk talk VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 1 Nonsense appos 6 rot rot NOUN Number=Sing 5 talk obj 7 ! ! PUNCT _ 5 talk punct 8 ) ) PUNCT _ 5 talk punct 9 . . PUNCT _ 1 Nonsense punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not talk infinitive · do-support rot vn compel-59.1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent rot=Patient
Example 1 The apples left on the ground began to rot.
det nsubj acl case det obl mark xcomp punct root The DET apples NOUN left VERB on ADP the DET ground NOUN began VERB to PART rot VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 apples det 2 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 7 began nsubj 3 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 apples acl 4 on on ADP _ 6 ground case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 ground det 6 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 3 left obl 7 began begin VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 8 to to PART _ 9 rot mark 9 rot rot VERB VerbForm=Inf 7 began xcomp 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 began punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave participle the apples not said here the ground vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on ground=Location 2 begin past the apples vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality 3 rot to-infinitive the apples not said here vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 Fungi and bacteria help dead leaves rot.
nsubj cc conj amod nsubj xcomp punct root Fungi NOUN and CCONJ bacteria NOUN help VERB dead ADJ leaves NOUN rot VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Fungi fungus NOUN Number=Plur 4 help nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 bacteria cc 3 bacteria bacterium NOUN Number=Plur 1 Fungi conj 4 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 6 leaves amod 6 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 7 rot nsubj 7 rot rot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 help xcomp 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Fungi and bacteria vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 rot present dead leaves vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 3 Sweets can rot your teeth if you don't brush.
nsubj aux nmod:poss obj mark nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Sweets NOUN can AUX rot VERB your PRON teeth NOUN if SCONJ you PRON do AUX n't PART brush VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 3 rot nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 rot aux 3 rot rot VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 teeth nmod:poss 5 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 3 rot obj 6 if if SCONJ _ 10 brush mark 7 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 10 brush nsubj 8 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 brush aux 9 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 10 brush advmod 10 brush brush VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 rot advcl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 rot punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot can Sweets your teeth tree rules 2 not brush a condition, not said to happen present · do-support you vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 The old wooden fence was rotting at the bottom.
det amod amod nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET old ADJ wooden ADJ fence NOUN was AUX rotting VERB at ADP the DET bottom NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 fence det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 4 fence amod 3 wooden wooden ADJ Degree=Pos 4 fence amod 4 fence fence NOUN Number=Sing 6 rotting nsubj 5 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 6 rotting aux 6 rotting rot VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 7 at at ADP _ 9 bottom case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 bottom det 9 bottom bottom NOUN Number=Sing 6 rotting obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 rotting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot past · progressive the old wooden fence the bottom vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 5 Food rots faster in a warm room than in the fridge.
nsubj advmod case det amod obl case case det nmod punct root Food NOUN rots VERB faster ADV in ADP a DET warm ADJ room NOUN than ADP in ADP the DET fridge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Food food NOUN Number=Sing 2 rots nsubj 2 rots rot VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 faster fast ADV Degree=Cmp 2 rots advmod 4 in in ADP _ 7 room case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 room det 6 warm warm ADJ Degree=Pos 7 room amod 7 room room NOUN Number=Sing 2 rots obl 8 than than ADP _ 11 fridge case 9 in in ADP _ 11 fridge case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 11 fridge det 11 fridge fridge NOUN Number=Sing 7 room nmod 12 . . PUNCT _ 2 rots punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot present Food a warm room than the fridge fast property vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 6 Worms help rot down the vegetable peelings in the compost.
nsubj xcomp case det amod obl case det nmod punct root Worms NOUN help VERB rot VERB down ADP the DET vegetable ADJ peelings NOUN in ADP the DET compost NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Worms worm NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 rot rot VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 help xcomp 4 down down ADP _ 7 peelings case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 peelings det 6 vegetable vegetable ADJ Degree=Pos 7 peelings amod 7 peelings peeling NOUN Number=Plur 3 rot obl 8 in in ADP _ 10 compost case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 compost det 10 compost compost NOUN Number=Sing 7 peelings nmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Worms vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 rot infinitive Worms not said here down the vegetable peelings in the compost vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 «What rot!» said Grandpa, laughing.
punct det nsubj punct punct nsubj punct advcl punct root « PUNCT What DET rot NOUN ! PUNCT » PUNCT said VERB Grandpa PROPN , PUNCT laughing VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 rot punct 2 What what DET PronType=Int 3 rot det 3 rot rot NOUN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj 4 ! ! PUNCT _ 3 rot punct 5 » » PUNCT _ 3 rot punct 6 said say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 7 Grandpa Grandpa PROPN Number=Sing 6 said nsubj 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 laughing punct 9 laughing laugh VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 said advcl 10 . . PUNCT _ 6 said punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert past what rot vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 laugh gerund what rot not said here vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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