rotting Who acts: apples, rotting log, bin, Worms, rotting leaves, many sweets · What happens: rot, mean, go, break down, damage, become · To what, where: Rotting wood, something, neglect, shed, ground, soil
«rotting» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: rotting in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Rotting means going bad and breaking down, as dead plants, animals or food slowly decay.
The tree, 15 words nsubj xcomp xcomp cc conj advmod punct case amod conj punct conj cc conj advmod nmod punct root Rotting VERB means VERB going VERB bad ADJ and CCONJ breaking VERB down ADV , PUNCT as ADP dead ADJ plants NOUN , PUNCT animals NOUN or CCONJ food NOUN slowly ADV decay NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means nsubj 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 going go VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 means xcomp 4 bad bad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 going xcomp 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 breaking cc 6 breaking break VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 going conj 7 down down ADV _ 6 breaking advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 11 plants punct 9 as as ADP _ 11 plants case 10 dead dead ADJ Degree=Pos 11 plants amod 11 plants plant NOUN Number=Plur 2 means conj 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 animals punct 13 animals animal NOUN Number=Plur 11 plants conj 14 or or CCONJ _ 15 food cc 15 food food NOUN Number=Sing 11 plants conj 16 slowly slowly ADV _ 17 decay advmod 17 decay decay NOUN Number=Sing 11 plants nmod 18 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 go not said to happen gerund bad property vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 break down gerund down property vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Rotting wood or teeth are being slowly damaged and becoming soft or weak.
amod nsubj:pass cc conj aux:pass aux:pass advmod cc conj xcomp cc conj punct root Rotting VERB wood NOUN or CCONJ teeth NOUN are AUX being AUX slowly ADV damaged VERB and CCONJ becoming VERB soft ADJ or CCONJ weak ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 wood amod 2 wood wood NOUN Number=Sing 8 damaged nsubj:pass 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 teeth cc 4 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 2 wood conj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 damaged aux:pass 6 being be AUX Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 damaged aux:pass 7 slowly slowly ADV _ 8 damaged advmod 8 damaged damage VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 9 and and CCONJ _ 10 becoming cc 10 becoming become VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 8 damaged conj 11 soft soft ADJ Degree=Pos 10 becoming xcomp 12 or or CCONJ _ 13 weak cc 13 weak weak ADJ Degree=Pos 11 soft conj 14 . . PUNCT _ 8 damaged punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 damage present · passive Rotting wood or teeth slowly property vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 3 become gerund soft property vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
Meaning 3 Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.
Rotting can describe something getting worse slowly from neglect, like «left rotting in a shed».
The tree, 15 words nsubj aux obj acl xcomp advmod case obl punct mark punct advcl xcomp case det obl punct punct root Rotting VERB can AUX describe VERB something PRON getting VERB worse ADJ slowly ADV from ADP neglect NOUN , PUNCT like SCONJ « PUNCT left VERB rotting VERB in ADP a DET shed NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 describe nsubj 2 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 3 describe aux 3 describe describe VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 4 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 3 describe obj 5 getting get VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 something acl 6 worse bad ADJ Degree=Cmp 5 getting xcomp 7 slowly slowly ADV _ 5 getting advmod 8 from from ADP _ 9 neglect case 9 neglect neglect NOUN Number=Sing 5 getting obl 10 , , PUNCT _ 13 left punct 11 like like SCONJ _ 13 left mark 12 « « PUNCT _ 13 left punct 13 left leave VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 describe advcl 14 rotting rot VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 13 left xcomp 15 in in ADP _ 17 shed case 16 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 17 shed det 17 shed shed NOUN Number=Sing 14 rotting obl 18 » » PUNCT _ 13 left punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 3 describe punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 describe can something vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Agent something=Theme 3 get gerund neglect bad, slowly property vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme from neglect=Destination 4 leave in a quote past tree rules 5 rot in a quote gerund a shed vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 1 The apples were rotting on the ground.
det nsubj aux case det obl punct root The DET apples NOUN were AUX rotting VERB on ADP the DET ground NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 apples det 2 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 4 rotting nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 rotting aux 4 rotting rot VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 5 on on ADP _ 7 ground case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 ground det 7 ground ground NOUN Number=Sing 4 rotting obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 rotting punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot past · progressive the apples the ground vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 2 A rotting log is home to many insects.
det amod nsubj cop advmod case amod punct root A DET rotting VERB log NOUN is AUX home ADV to ADP many ADJ insects NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 log det 2 rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 3 log amod 3 log log NOUN Number=Sing 8 insects nsubj 4 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 insects cop 5 home home ADV _ 8 insects advmod 6 to to ADP _ 8 insects case 7 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 8 insects amod 8 insects insect NOUN Number=Plur root root 9 . . PUNCT _ 8 insects punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 is present a rotting log to many insects; home property tree rules
Example 3 The bin smelled of rotting food.
det nsubj case amod obl punct root The DET bin NOUN smelled VERB of ADP rotting VERB food NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 bin det 2 bin bin NOUN Number=Sing 3 smelled nsubj 3 smelled smell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 food case 5 rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 6 food amod 6 food food NOUN Number=Sing 3 smelled obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 smelled punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 smell past the bin of rotting food vn smell_emission-43.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Location of food=Theme 2 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 4 Worms help rotting leaves turn into soil.
nsubj amod nsubj xcomp case obl punct root Worms NOUN help VERB rotting VERB leaves NOUN turn VERB into ADP soil NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Worms worm NOUN Number=Plur 2 help nsubj 2 help help VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 4 leaves amod 4 leaves leaf NOUN Number=Plur 5 turn nsubj 5 turn turn VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 help xcomp 6 into into ADP _ 7 soil case 7 soil soil NOUN Number=Sing 5 turn obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 help punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 help present Worms vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme 2 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 3 turn present rotting leaves soil vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into soil=Trajectory
Example 5 Too many sweets can lead to rotting teeth.
advmod amod nsubj aux case amod obl punct root Too ADV many ADJ sweets NOUN can AUX lead VERB to ADP rotting VERB teeth NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Too too ADV _ 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 sweets amod 3 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 5 lead nsubj 4 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 lead aux 5 lead lead VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 to to ADP _ 8 teeth case 7 rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 8 teeth amod 8 teeth tooth NOUN Number=Plur 5 lead obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 5 lead punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lead can many sweets to rotting teeth vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to tooth=Patient 2 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 6 The old boat was left rotting on the beach.
det amod nsubj:pass aux:pass xcomp case det obl punct root The DET old ADJ boat NOUN was AUX left VERB rotting VERB on ADP the DET beach NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 boat det 2 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 3 boat amod 3 boat boat NOUN Number=Sing 5 left nsubj:pass 4 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 left aux:pass 5 left leave VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 rotting rot VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 5 left xcomp 7 on on ADP _ 9 beach case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 beach det 9 beach beach NOUN Number=Sing 6 rotting obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 left punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 leave past · passive the old boat tree rules 2 rot gerund the old boat not said here the beach vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
Example 7 Rotting food should be thrown away, not eaten.
amod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass advmod punct advmod conj punct root Rotting VERB food NOUN should AUX be AUX thrown VERB away ADV , PUNCT not PART eaten VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Rotting rot VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 food amod 2 food food NOUN Number=Sing 5 thrown nsubj:pass 3 should should AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 thrown aux 4 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 5 thrown aux:pass 5 thrown throw VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 away away ADV _ 5 thrown advmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 9 eaten punct 8 not not PART Polarity=Neg 9 eaten advmod 9 eaten eat VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 thrown conj 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 thrown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 rot gerund vn entity_specific_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient 2 throw away should · passive Rotting food away property vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 3 not eat participle vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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