saguaro Who acts: saguaro, giant cactus, arms, It, children, stem · What happens: be, grow, have, point, draw, stand · To what, where: giant cactus, Sonoran Desert, arms, cactus, first arm, water
«saguaro» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: saguaro in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A saguaro is a giant cactus that grows in the Sonoran Desert of Arizona, USA, and Mexico; it can grow taller than a house and has arms that point upwards.
The tree, 30 words det nsubj cop det amod nsubj acl:relcl case det compound obl case nmod punct conj punct cc conj punct nsubj aux parataxis xcomp case det obl cc conj obj nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root A DET saguaro NOUN is AUX a DET giant ADJ cactus NOUN that PRON grows VERB in ADP the DET Sonoran PROPN Desert PROPN of ADP Arizona PROPN , PUNCT USA PROPN , PUNCT and CCONJ Mexico PROPN ; PUNCT it PRON can AUX grow VERB taller ADJ than ADP a DET house NOUN and CCONJ has VERB arms NOUN that PRON point VERB upwards ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 saguaro det 2 saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 6 cactus nsubj 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cactus cop 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 cactus det 5 giant giant ADJ Degree=Pos 6 cactus amod 6 cactus cactus NOUN Number=Sing root root 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 8 grows nsubj 8 grows grow VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 cactus acl:relcl 9 in in ADP _ 12 Desert case 10 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 Desert det 11 Sonoran Sonoran PROPN Number=Sing 12 Desert compound 12 Desert Desert PROPN Number=Sing 8 grows obl 13 of of ADP _ 14 Arizona case 14 Arizona Arizona PROPN Number=Sing 12 Desert nmod 15 , , PUNCT _ 16 USA punct 16 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 12 Desert conj 17 , , PUNCT _ 19 Mexico punct 18 and and CCONJ _ 19 Mexico cc 19 Mexico Mexico PROPN Number=Sing 12 Desert conj 20 ; ; PUNCT _ 23 grow punct 21 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 23 grow nsubj 22 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 23 grow aux 23 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 cactus parataxis 24 taller tall ADJ Degree=Cmp 23 grow xcomp 25 than than ADP _ 27 house case 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 27 house det 27 house house NOUN Number=Sing 24 taller obl 28 and and CCONJ _ 29 has cc 29 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 23 grow conj 30 arms arm NOUN Number=Plur 29 has obj 31 that that PRON PronType=Rel 32 point nsubj 32 point point VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 30 arms acl:relcl 33 upwards upwards ADV _ 32 point advmod 34 . . PUNCT _ 6 cactus punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present a saguaro a giant cactus tree rules 2 grow present a giant cactus the Sonoran Desert of Arizona and USA and Mexico vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in desert=Location 3 grow can saguaro tall property vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 have present saguaro not said here arms vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient 5 point present arms upwards property vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 It is the cactus children often draw for a cowboy desert scene.
nsubj cop det nsubj advmod acl:relcl case det compound compound obl punct root It PRON is AUX the DET cactus NOUN children NOUN often ADV draw VERB for ADP a DET cowboy NOUN desert NOUN scene NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 cactus nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 cactus cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 cactus det 4 cactus cactus NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 children child NOUN Number=Plur 7 draw nsubj 6 often often ADV _ 7 draw advmod 7 draw draw VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 cactus acl:relcl 8 for for ADP _ 12 scene case 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 scene det 10 cowboy cowboy NOUN Number=Sing 11 desert compound 11 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 12 scene compound 12 scene scene NOUN Number=Sing 7 draw obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 4 cactus punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present It the cactus tree rules 2 draw present children the cactus not said here for a desert scene; often property vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent cactus=Result for scene=Beneficiary
Example 1 The saguaro stood tall against the orange desert sunset.
det nsubj xcomp case det amod compound obl punct root The DET saguaro NOUN stood VERB tall ADJ against ADP the DET orange ADJ desert NOUN sunset NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 saguaro det 2 saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 3 stood nsubj 3 stood stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 tall tall ADJ Degree=Pos 3 stood xcomp 5 against against ADP _ 9 sunset case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 sunset det 7 orange orange ADJ Degree=Pos 9 sunset amod 8 desert desert NOUN Number=Sing 9 sunset compound 9 sunset sunset NOUN Number=Sing 3 stood obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 3 stood punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand past the saguaro sunset tall property vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 A saguaro may not grow its first arm until it is about 75 years old.
The tree, 15 words det nsubj aux advmod nmod:poss amod obj mark nsubj cop advmod nummod obl:unmarked advcl punct root A DET saguaro NOUN may AUX not PART grow VERB its PRON first ADJ arm NOUN until SCONJ it PRON is AUX about ADV 75 NUM years NOUN old ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 saguaro det 2 saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 5 grow nsubj 3 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 5 grow aux 4 not not PART Polarity=Neg 5 grow advmod 5 grow grow VERB VerbForm=Inf root root 6 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 8 arm nmod:poss 7 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 8 arm amod 8 arm arm NOUN Number=Sing 5 grow obj 9 until until SCONJ _ 15 old mark 10 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 15 old nsubj 11 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 15 old cop 12 about about ADV _ 13 75 advmod 13 75 75 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 years nummod 14 years year NOUN Number=Plur 15 old obl:unmarked 15 old old ADJ Degree=Pos 5 grow advcl 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 grow punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 not grow may a saguaro saguaro's first arm vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location arm=Theme 2 is present saguaro year old property tree rules
Example 3 After a storm, the saguaro's stem swells as it stores water.
case det obl punct det nmod:poss case nsubj mark nsubj advcl obj punct root After ADP a DET storm NOUN , PUNCT the DET saguaro NOUN 's PART stem NOUN swells VERB as SCONJ it PRON stores VERB water NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 After after ADP _ 3 storm case 2 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 storm det 3 storm storm NOUN Number=Sing 9 swells obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 storm punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 saguaro det 6 saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 8 stem nmod:poss 7 's 's PART _ 6 saguaro case 8 stem stem NOUN Number=Sing 9 swells nsubj 9 swells swell VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 10 as as SCONJ _ 12 stores mark 11 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 stores nsubj 12 stores store VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 swells advcl 13 water water NOUN Number=Sing 12 stores obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 9 swells punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 swell present the saguaro's stem after a storm vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute 2 store present stem water vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Theme 3 stem the saguaro nom stem «communication transitive»: poss=agent
Example 4 A little elf owl peeped out of a hole in the saguaro.
det amod compound nsubj case case det obl case det nmod punct root A DET little ADJ elf NOUN owl NOUN peeped VERB out ADP of ADP a DET hole NOUN in ADP the DET saguaro NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 owl det 2 little little ADJ Degree=Pos 4 owl amod 3 elf elf NOUN Number=Sing 4 owl compound 4 owl owl NOUN Number=Sing 5 peeped nsubj 5 peeped peep VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 6 out out ADP _ 9 hole case 7 of of ADP _ 9 hole case 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 hole det 9 hole hole NOUN Number=Sing 5 peeped obl 10 in in ADP _ 12 saguaro case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 saguaro det 12 saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 9 hole nmod 13 . . PUNCT _ 5 peeped punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 peep out past a little elf owl a hole in the saguaro vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent hole=Theme
Example 5 Saguaro flowers are white and bloom at night.
compound nsubj cop cc conj case obl punct root Saguaro NOUN flowers NOUN are AUX white ADJ and CCONJ bloom VERB at ADP night NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 2 flowers compound 2 flowers flower NOUN Number=Plur 4 white nsubj 3 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 white cop 4 white white ADJ Degree=Pos root root 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 bloom cc 6 bloom bloom VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 white conj 7 at at ADP _ 8 night case 8 night night NOUN Number=Sing 6 bloom obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 white punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Saguaro flowers white property tree rules 2 bloom present Saguaro flowers not said here night vn entity_specific_modes_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 6 It is against the law to damage a saguaro in Arizona.
nsubj cop case det mark acl det obj case obl punct root It PRON is AUX against ADP the DET law NOUN to PART damage VERB a DET saguaro NOUN in ADP Arizona PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 It it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 5 law nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 law cop 3 against against ADP _ 5 law case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 law det 5 law law NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 to to PART _ 7 damage mark 7 damage damage VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 law acl 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 saguaro det 9 saguaro saguaro NOUN Number=Sing 7 damage obj 10 in in ADP _ 11 Arizona case 11 Arizona Arizona PROPN Number=Sing 7 damage obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 law punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present It against the law tree rules 2 damage to-infinitive a saguaro Arizona vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent saguaro=Patient
Example 7 We saw hundreds of saguaros in Saguaro National Park.
nsubj obj case nmod case compound amod obl punct root We PRON saw VERB hundreds NOUN of ADP saguaros NOUN in ADP Saguaro PROPN National ADJ Park PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 saw nsubj 2 saw see VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 hundreds hundred NOUN Number=Plur 2 saw obj 4 of of ADP _ 5 saguaros case 5 saguaros saguaro NOUN Number=Plur 3 hundreds nmod 6 in in ADP _ 9 Park case 7 Saguaro Saguaro PROPN Number=Sing 9 Park compound 8 National National ADJ Degree=Pos 9 Park amod 9 Park Park PROPN Number=Sing 2 saw obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 2 saw punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 see past We hundreds of saguaros Saguaro National Park vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer hundred=Stimulus
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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