sam Who acts: it, Uncle Sam, Friends, full name, Sam, best friend · What happens: be, shorten, change, mean, replace, have · To what, where: name, nickname, it, house, description, formal writing
«sam» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 10 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sam in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 A common first name for boys and girls, short for Samuel, Samantha or Samson; it is a name, not an ordinary word.
The tree, 22 words det amod amod case nmod cc conj punct amod case obl punct conj cc conj punct nsubj cop det conj punct advmod det amod conj punct root A DET common ADJ first ADJ name NOUN for ADP boys NOUN and CCONJ girls NOUN , PUNCT short ADJ for ADP Samuel PROPN , PUNCT Samantha PROPN or CCONJ Samson PROPN ; PUNCT it PRON is AUX a DET name NOUN , PUNCT not PART an DET ordinary ADJ word NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 name det 2 common common ADJ Degree=Pos 4 name amod 3 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 4 name amod 4 name name NOUN Number=Sing root root 5 for for ADP _ 6 boys case 6 boys boy NOUN Number=Plur 4 name nmod 7 and and CCONJ _ 8 girls cc 8 girls girl NOUN Number=Plur 6 boys conj 9 , , PUNCT _ 10 short punct 10 short short ADJ Degree=Pos 6 boys amod 11 for for ADP _ 12 Samuel case 12 Samuel Samuel PROPN Number=Sing 10 short obl 13 , , PUNCT _ 14 Samantha punct 14 Samantha Samantha PROPN Number=Sing 12 Samuel conj 15 or or CCONJ _ 16 Samson cc 16 Samson Samson PROPN Number=Sing 12 Samuel conj 17 ; ; PUNCT _ 21 name punct 18 it it PRON Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 21 name nsubj 19 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 21 name cop 20 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 21 name det 21 name name NOUN Number=Sing 4 name conj 22 , , PUNCT _ 26 word punct 23 not not PART Polarity=Neg 26 word advmod 24 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 26 word det 25 ordinary ordinary ADJ Degree=Pos 26 word amod 26 word word NOUN Number=Sing 21 name conj 27 . . PUNCT _ 4 name punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present it a name and a ordinary word tree rules
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 «Uncle Sam» is a nickname for the government of the USA.
punct compound nsubj punct cop det case det nmod case det nmod punct root « PUNCT Uncle NOUN Sam PROPN » PUNCT is AUX a DET nickname NOUN for ADP the DET government NOUN of ADP the DET USA PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 3 Sam punct 2 Uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 3 Sam compound 3 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 7 nickname nsubj 4 » » PUNCT _ 3 Sam punct 5 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 nickname cop 6 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 nickname det 7 nickname nickname NOUN Number=Sing root root 8 for for ADP _ 10 government case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 government det 10 government government NOUN Number=Sing 7 nickname nmod 11 of of ADP _ 13 USA case 12 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 13 USA det 13 USA USA PROPN Number=Sing 10 government nmod 14 . . PUNCT _ 7 nickname punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Uncle Sam a nickname for the government of the USA tree rules
Meaning 3 Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.
Friends shorten or change it: «Sammy», «Sam-Sam»; in texts «Sam's» can mean Sam's house: «at Sam's».
The tree, 20 words nsubj cc conj obj punct punct parataxis punct punct punct appos punct conj punct punct case obl punct conj case punct aux parataxis nmod:poss case obj punct punct case parataxis case punct punct root Friends NOUN shorten VERB or CCONJ change VERB it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT Sammy PROPN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT Sam PROPN - PUNCT Sam PROPN » PUNCT ; PUNCT in ADP texts NOUN « PUNCT Sam PROPN 's PART » PUNCT can AUX mean VERB Sam PROPN 's PART house NOUN : PUNCT « PUNCT at ADP Sam PROPN 's PART » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Friends friend NOUN Number=Plur 2 shorten nsubj 2 shorten shorten VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 or or CCONJ _ 4 change cc 4 change change VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 shorten conj 5 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 4 change obj 6 : : PUNCT _ 8 Sammy punct 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 Sammy punct 8 Sammy Sammy PROPN Number=Sing 2 shorten parataxis 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 Sammy punct 10 , , PUNCT _ 12 Sam punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 12 Sam punct 12 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 8 Sammy appos 13 - - PUNCT _ 14 Sam punct 14 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 12 Sam conj 15 » » PUNCT _ 12 Sam punct 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 24 mean punct 17 in in ADP _ 18 texts case 18 texts text NOUN Number=Plur 24 mean obl 19 « « PUNCT _ 20 Sam punct 20 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 18 texts conj 21 's 's PART _ 20 Sam case 22 » » PUNCT _ 18 texts punct 23 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 24 mean aux 24 mean mean VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 shorten parataxis 25 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 27 house nmod:poss 26 's 's PART _ 25 Sam case 27 house house NOUN Number=Sing 24 mean obj 28 : : PUNCT _ 31 Sam punct 29 « « PUNCT _ 31 Sam punct 30 at at ADP _ 31 Sam case 31 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 shorten parataxis 32 's 's PART _ 31 Sam case 33 » » PUNCT _ 31 Sam punct 34 . . PUNCT _ 2 shorten punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 shorten present Friends tree rules 2 change present Friends not said here it vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Patient 3 mean can Sam's house in texts and Sam vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot house=Theme in text=Attribute
Meaning 4 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
In formal writing the full name or a description replaces it: «Samuel», «the aforementioned pupil», «the first boy».
The tree, 18 words case amod obl det amod nsubj cc det conj obj punct punct obl punct punct punct det amod appos punct punct punct det amod appos punct punct root In ADP formal ADJ writing NOUN the DET full ADJ name NOUN or CCONJ a DET description NOUN replaces VERB it PRON : PUNCT « PUNCT Samuel PROPN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT the DET aforementioned ADJ pupil NOUN » PUNCT , PUNCT « PUNCT the DET first ADJ boy NOUN » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 writing case 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 3 writing amod 3 writing writing NOUN Number=Sing 10 replaces obl 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 name det 5 full full ADJ Degree=Pos 6 name amod 6 name name NOUN Number=Sing 10 replaces nsubj 7 or or CCONJ _ 9 description cc 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 9 description det 9 description description NOUN Number=Sing 6 name conj 10 replaces replace VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 it it PRON Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 10 replaces obj 12 : : PUNCT _ 14 Samuel punct 13 « « PUNCT _ 14 Samuel punct 14 Samuel Samuel PROPN Number=Sing 10 replaces obl 15 » » PUNCT _ 14 Samuel punct 16 , , PUNCT _ 20 pupil punct 17 « « PUNCT _ 20 pupil punct 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 20 pupil det 19 aforementioned aforementioned ADJ Degree=Pos 20 pupil amod 20 pupil pupil NOUN Number=Sing 14 Samuel appos 21 » » PUNCT _ 20 pupil punct 22 , , PUNCT _ 26 boy punct 23 « « PUNCT _ 26 boy punct 24 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 26 boy det 25 first first ADJ Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord 26 boy amod 26 boy boy NOUN Number=Sing 14 Samuel appos 27 » » PUNCT _ 26 boy punct 28 . . PUNCT _ 10 replaces punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 replace present the full name or a description description formal writing Samuel obl vn substitute-13.6.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Co-Theme
Example 1 Sam has 8 apples and eats 3.
nsubj nummod obj cc conj obj punct root Sam PROPN has VERB 8 NUM apples NOUN and CCONJ eats VERB 3 NUM . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 has nsubj 2 has have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 apples nummod 4 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 2 has obj 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 eats cc 6 eats eat VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 2 has conj 7 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 eats obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 has punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Sam 8 apples vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent apple=Patient 2 eat present Sam not said here 3 vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3=Patient
Example 2 Sam and Lily shared 20 sweets equally.
nsubj cc conj nummod obj advmod punct root Sam PROPN and CCONJ Lily PROPN shared VERB 20 NUM sweets NOUN equally ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 4 shared nsubj 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 Lily cc 3 Lily Lily PROPN Number=Sing 1 Sam conj 4 shared share VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 20 20 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 sweets nummod 6 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 4 shared obj 7 equally equally ADV _ 4 shared advmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 shared punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 share past Sam and Lily 20 sweets equally property tree rules
Example 3 My best friend Sam lives next door.
nmod:poss amod nsubj appos amod obj punct root My PRON best ADJ friend NOUN Sam PROPN lives VERB next ADJ door NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 3 friend nmod:poss 2 best good ADJ Degree=Sup 3 friend amod 3 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 5 lives nsubj 4 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 3 friend appos 5 lives live VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 next next ADJ Degree=Pos 7 door amod 7 door door NOUN Number=Sing 5 lives obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 5 lives punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 live present My best friend next door vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme door=Location
Example 4 Sam is short for Samantha.
nsubj cop case obl punct root Sam PROPN is AUX short ADJ for ADP Samantha PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 3 short nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 short cop 3 short short ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 for for ADP _ 5 Samantha case 5 Samantha Samantha PROPN Number=Sing 3 short obl 6 . . PUNCT _ 3 short punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Sam for Samantha; short property tree rules
Example 5 Uncle Sam stands for the United States.
nsubj nsubj case det amod obl punct root Uncle NOUN Sam PROPN stands VERB for ADP the DET United ADJ States PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Uncle uncle NOUN Number=Sing 3 stands nsubj 2 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 3 stands nsubj 3 stands stand VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 for for ADP _ 7 States case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 States det 6 United United ADJ Degree=Pos 7 States amod 7 States State PROPN Number=Plur 3 stands obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 stands punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 stand present Uncle for the United States vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer for state=Attribute
Example 6 Sam ran 2 km more than Ben.
nsubj nummod obj obj case obl punct root Sam PROPN ran VERB 2 NUM km NOUN more ADJ than ADP Ben PROPN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 2 ran nsubj 2 ran run VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 km nummod 4 km km NOUN Number=Sing 2 ran obj 5 more more ADJ Degree=Cmp 2 ran obj 6 than than ADP _ 7 Ben case 7 Ben Ben PROPN Number=Sing 5 more obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 ran punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 run past Sam 2 km vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: agent=Agent km=Beneficiary more=Product
Example 7 sam's got 12 marbles, gave me 5, he's well sad now (casual)
The tree, 14 words nsubj aux nummod obj punct conj iobj obj punct nsubj cop advmod conj advmod punct conj punct root sam PROPN 's AUX got VERB 12 NUM marbles NOUN , PUNCT gave VERB me PRON 5 NUM , PUNCT he PRON 's AUX well ADV sad ADJ now ADV ( PUNCT casual ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 3 got nsubj 2 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 got aux 3 got get VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part root root 4 12 12 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 5 marbles nummod 5 marbles marble NOUN Number=Plur 3 got obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 gave punct 7 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 got conj 8 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 7 gave iobj 9 5 5 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 gave obj 10 , , PUNCT _ 14 sad punct 11 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 14 sad nsubj 12 's be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 sad cop 13 well well ADV Degree=Pos 14 sad advmod 14 sad sad ADJ Degree=Pos 3 got conj 15 now now ADV PronType=Dem 14 sad advmod 16 ( ( PUNCT _ 17 casual punct 17 casual casual ADJ Degree=Pos 14 sad conj 18 ) ) PUNCT _ 17 casual punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present · passive sam 12 marbles vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer marble=Stimulus 2 give past sam not said here 5 me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient 5=Theme 3 is present sam now sad, well property tree rules 4 be sam not said here tree rules
Example 8 going to Sam's after footy, back by 6 (casual)
case obl case case obl punct advmod case obl punct conj punct root going VERB to ADP Sam PROPN 's PART after ADP footy NOUN , PUNCT back ADV by ADP 6 NUM ( PUNCT casual ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 going go VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 2 to to ADP _ 3 Sam case 3 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 1 going obl 4 's 's PART _ 3 Sam case 5 after after ADP _ 6 footy case 6 footy footy NOUN Number=Sing 1 going obl 7 , , PUNCT _ 8 back punct 8 back back ADV _ 1 going advmod 9 by by ADP _ 10 6 case 10 6 6 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 8 back obl 11 ( ( PUNCT _ 12 casual punct 12 casual casual ADJ Degree=Pos 1 going conj 13 ) ) PUNCT _ 12 casual punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go gerund Sam after footy vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to sam=Initial_Location
Example 9 Oi Sam, give us 2 of them or else. (rough)
Sentence 1: Oi Sam, give us 2 of them or else.
nsubj flat punct iobj obj case nmod cc conj punct root Oi PROPN Sam PROPN , PUNCT give VERB us PRON 2 NUM of ADP them PRON or CCONJ else ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Oi Oi PROPN Number=Sing 4 give nsubj 2 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 1 Oi flat 3 , , PUNCT _ 1 Oi punct 4 give give VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 5 us we PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 4 give iobj 6 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 4 give obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 them case 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 6 2 nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 else cc 10 else else ADV _ 6 2 conj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 give punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give infinitive Oi 2 of them us vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient 2=Theme
Sentence 2: (rough)
punct punct root ( PUNCT rough ADJ ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 rough punct 2 rough rough ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 rough punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 10 A pupil, hereinafter referred to as Sam, possesses 8 apples and consumes 3; ascertain the quantity remaining. (formal exam)
Sentence 1: A pupil, hereinafter referred to as Sam, possesses 8 apples and consumes 3; ascertain the quantity remaining.
The tree, 17 words det nsubj punct appos acl obl case obl punct nummod obj cc conj obj punct conj det obj xcomp punct root A DET pupil NOUN , PUNCT hereinafter NOUN referred VERB to ADP as ADP Sam PROPN , PUNCT possesses VERB 8 NUM apples NOUN and CCONJ consumes VERB 3 NUM ; PUNCT ascertain VERB the DET quantity NOUN remaining VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 pupil det 2 pupil pupil NOUN Number=Sing 10 possesses nsubj 3 , , PUNCT _ 4 hereinafter punct 4 hereinafter hereinafter NOUN Number=Sing 2 pupil appos 5 referred refer VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 4 hereinafter acl 6 to to ADP _ 5 referred obl 7 as as ADP _ 8 Sam case 8 Sam Sam PROPN Number=Sing 5 referred obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 2 pupil punct 10 possesses possess VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 11 8 8 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 12 apples nummod 12 apples apple NOUN Number=Plur 10 possesses obj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 consumes cc 14 consumes consume VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 possesses conj 15 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 14 consumes obj 16 ; ; PUNCT _ 17 ascertain punct 17 ascertain ascertain VERB VerbForm=Inf 10 possesses conj 18 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 19 quantity det 19 quantity quantity NOUN Number=Sing 17 ascertain obj 20 remaining remain VERB VerbForm=Ger 17 ascertain xcomp 21 . . PUNCT _ 10 possesses punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 refer participle hereinafter not said here as Sam vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme 2 possess present a pupil 8 apples vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot apple=Theme 3 consume present a pupil not said here 3 vn consume-66 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 3=Asset 4 ascertain infinitive a pupil not said here the quantity tree rules 5 remain gerund a pupil not said here vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Sentence 2: (formal exam)
punct amod punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ exam NOUN ) PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 3 exam punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 3 exam amod 3 exam exam NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 ) ) PUNCT _ 3 exam punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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