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sapling

Who acts: We, wind, Deer, sapling, storm, class · What happens: plant, tie, not bend, eat, be, snap · To what, where: oak sapling, school garden, sapling, bark, big tree, little sapling · Speech: someone speaks here

«sapling» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sapling in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

A young tree with a thin trunk.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 tree	det
2	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 tree	amod
3	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	with	with	ADP	_	7 trunk	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 trunk	det
6	thin	thin	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 trunk	amod
7	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 tree	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 tree	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 2

Usage: literary — kept apart, not parsed.

A young person, especially a slim young man.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 person	det
2	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 person	amod
3	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	9 man	punct
5	especially	especially	ADV	_	9 man	advmod
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 man	det
7	slim	slim	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 man	amod
8	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 man	amod
9	man	man	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 person	conj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 person	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

We planted an oak sapling in the school garden.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 planted	nsubj
2	planted	plant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sapling	det
4	oak	oak	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 sapling	compound
5	sapling	sapling	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 planted	obj
6	in	in	ADP	_	9 garden	case
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 garden	det
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 garden	compound
9	garden	garden	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 planted	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 planted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plant	past	We	a oak sapling		the school garden			vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent sapling=Theme in garden=Destination

Example 2

The sapling was tied to a stick so the wind would not bend it.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 sapling	det
2	sapling	sapling	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tied	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 tied	aux:pass
4	tied	tie	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	to	to	ADP	_	7 stick	case
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 stick	det
7	stick	stick	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 tied	obl
8	so	so	SCONJ	_	13 bend	mark
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 wind	det
10	wind	wind	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 bend	nsubj
11	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 bend	aux
12	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	13 bend	advmod
13	bend	bend	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 tied	advcl
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 bend	obj
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 tied	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	tie	past · passive		the sapling				to a stick	vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: subject=Patient to stick=Co-Patient
2	not bend	would	the wind	sapling					vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent it=Material

Example 3

Deer eat the bark of young saplings.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deer	deer	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 eat	nsubj
2	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 bark	det
4	bark	bark	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 eat	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 saplings	case
6	young	young	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 saplings	amod
7	saplings	sapling	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 bark	nmod
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 eat	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	eat	present	Deer	the bark of young saplings					vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bark=Patient

Example 4

In ten years the sapling will be a big tree.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 years	case
2	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	3 years	nummod
3	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 tree	obl
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 sapling	det
5	sapling	sapling	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 tree	nsubj
6	will	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 tree	aux
7	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	10 tree	cop
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 tree	det
9	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 tree	amod
10	tree	tree	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	10 tree	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	future	the sapling	a big tree			year		tree rules

Example 5

The storm snapped the little sapling.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 storm	det
2	storm	storm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 snapped	nsubj
3	snapped	snap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 sapling	det
5	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 sapling	amod
6	sapling	sapling	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 snapped	obj
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 snapped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	snap	past	the storm	the little sapling					vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sapling=Theme

Example 6

Each class planted a sapling for Arbor Day.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	2 class	det
2	class	class	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 planted	nsubj
3	planted	plant	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 sapling	det
5	sapling	sapling	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 planted	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 Day	case
7	Arbor	Arbor	PROPN	Number=Sing	8 Day	compound
8	Day	Day	PROPN	Number=Sing	3 planted	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 planted	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	plant	past	each class	a sapling			for Arbor Day		vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sapling=Patient

Example 7

‘When first I came hither,’ said he, ‘the plain was bare save for one oak sapling, which grew up to be an oak with a hundred branches.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	‘	'	PUNCT	_	5 came	punct
2	When	when	ADV	PronType=Int	3 first	advmod
3	first	first	ADV	NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	5 came	advmod
4	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	5 came	nsubj
5	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 said	advcl
6	hither	hither	ADV	_	5 came	advmod
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 came	punct
8	’	'	PUNCT	_	5 came	punct
9	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
10	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	9 said	nsubj
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 save	punct
12	‘	'	PUNCT	_	17 save	punct
13	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 plain	det
14	plain	plain	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 save	nsubj
15	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 save	cop
16	bare	bare	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 save	amod
17	save	save	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 said	ccomp
18	for	for	ADP	_	21 sapling	case
19	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	21 sapling	nummod
20	oak	oak	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 sapling	compound
21	sapling	sapling	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 save	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 grew	punct
23	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	24 grew	nsubj
24	grew	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 sapling	acl:relcl
25	up	up	ADP	_	24 grew	compound:prt
26	to	to	PART	_	29 oak	mark
27	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	29 oak	cop
28	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	29 oak	det
29	oak	oak	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 grew	advcl
30	with	with	ADP	_	33 branches	case
31	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 hundred	det
32	hundred	hundred	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 branches	nummod
33	branches	branch	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 oak	nmod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	come	past	I					first, hither property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	say speech: assert	past	he						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
3	is a	past	the plain	bare save				for one oak sapling	tree rules
4	grow up	past	one oak sapling						vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
5	is a	to-infinitive	one oak sapling not said here	a oak				with hundred branches	tree rules

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/sapling/