scaly Who acts: Dry skin, Snakes, dragon, Reptiles, legs, hands · What happens: cover, peel, have, be, get, feel · To what, where: scaly skin, long scaly tail, thick scaly backs, great green scaly side, breath, long way
«scaly» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: scaly in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Covered with scales, the small hard flat plates on fish, snakes and lizards.
The tree, 13 words case obl punct det amod amod amod conj case nmod punct conj cc conj punct root Covered VERB with ADP scales NOUN , PUNCT the DET small ADJ hard ADJ flat ADJ plates NOUN on ADP fish NOUN , PUNCT snakes NOUN and CCONJ lizards NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Covered cover VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 2 with with ADP _ 3 scales case 3 scales scale NOUN Number=Plur 1 Covered obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 9 plates punct 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 plates det 6 small small ADJ Degree=Pos 9 plates amod 7 hard hard ADJ Degree=Pos 9 plates amod 8 flat flat ADJ Degree=Pos 9 plates amod 9 plates plate NOUN Number=Plur 3 scales conj 10 on on ADP _ 11 fish case 11 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 9 plates nmod 12 , , PUNCT _ 13 snakes punct 13 snakes snake NOUN Number=Plur 3 scales conj 14 and and CCONJ _ 15 lizards cc 15 lizards lizard NOUN Number=Plur 3 scales conj 16 . . PUNCT _ 1 Covered punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 cover participle with scales and the small hard flat plates on fish and snakes and lizards vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent with scale=Theme
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Dry and flaky, like skin that is peeling.
amod cc conj punct case nsubj nsubj aux punct root Dry ADJ and CCONJ flaky ADJ , PUNCT like ADP skin NOUN that PRON is AUX peeling VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 6 skin amod 2 and and CCONJ _ 3 flaky cc 3 flaky flaky ADJ Degree=Pos 1 Dry conj 4 , , PUNCT _ 6 skin punct 5 like like ADP _ 6 skin case 6 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 9 peeling nsubj 7 that that PRON PronType=Rel 9 peeling nsubj 8 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 9 peeling aux 9 peeling peel VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 10 . . PUNCT _ 9 peeling punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 peel present · progressive Dry skin vn pit-10.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:
"scaly skin".
punct amod punct punct root " PUNCT scaly ADJ skin NOUN " PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 skin punct 2 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 skin amod 3 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 " " PUNCT _ 3 skin punct 5 . . PUNCT _ 3 skin punct
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.
Example 1 Snakes have scaly skin.
nsubj amod obj punct root Snakes NOUN have VERB scaly ADJ skin NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Snakes snake NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 4 skin amod 4 skin skin NOUN Number=Sing 2 have obj 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Snakes scaly skin vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Patient
Example 2 The dragon had a long scaly tail.
det nsubj det amod amod obj punct root The DET dragon NOUN had VERB a DET long ADJ scaly ADJ tail NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 dragon det 2 dragon dragon NOUN Number=Sing 3 had nsubj 3 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 tail det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tail amod 6 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 7 tail amod 7 tail tail NOUN Number=Sing 3 had obj 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past the dragon a long scaly tail vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
Example 3 Reptiles are scaly and lay eggs.
nsubj cop cc amod conj punct root Reptiles NOUN are AUX scaly ADJ and CCONJ lay ADJ eggs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Reptiles reptile NOUN Number=Plur 3 scaly nsubj 2 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 3 scaly cop 3 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos root root 4 and and CCONJ _ 6 eggs cc 5 lay lay ADJ Degree=Pos 6 eggs amod 6 eggs egg NOUN Number=Plur 3 scaly conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 scaly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present Reptiles scaly property tree rules
Example 4 A bird's legs are scaly.
det nmod:poss case nsubj cop punct root A DET bird NOUN 's PART legs NOUN are AUX scaly ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 bird det 2 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 4 legs nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 bird case 4 legs leg NOUN Number=Plur 6 scaly nsubj 5 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 scaly cop 6 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos root root 7 . . PUNCT _ 6 scaly punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is present a bird's legs scaly property tree rules
Example 5 My hands get dry and scaly in winter.
nmod:poss nsubj xcomp cc conj case obl punct root My PRON hands NOUN get VERB dry ADJ and CCONJ scaly ADJ in ADP winter NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 My my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 2 hands nmod:poss 2 hands hand NOUN Number=Plur 3 get nsubj 3 get get VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 4 dry dry ADJ Degree=Pos 3 get xcomp 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 scaly cc 6 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 4 dry conj 7 in in ADP _ 8 winter case 8 winter winter NOUN Number=Sing 6 scaly obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 3 get punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 get present My hands dry property vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 6 Crocodiles have thick scaly backs.
nsubj amod amod obj punct root Crocodiles NOUN have VERB thick ADJ scaly ADJ backs NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Crocodiles crocodile NOUN Number=Plur 2 have nsubj 2 have have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 thick thick ADJ Degree=Pos 5 backs amod 4 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 5 backs amod 5 backs back NOUN Number=Plur 2 have obj 6 . . PUNCT _ 2 have punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have present Crocodiles thick scaly backs vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent back=Patient
Example 7 The fish felt cool and scaly.
det nsubj xcomp cc conj punct root The DET fish NOUN felt VERB cool ADJ and CCONJ scaly ADJ . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 fish det 2 fish fish NOUN Number=Sing 3 felt nsubj 3 felt feel VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 cool cool ADJ Degree=Pos 3 felt xcomp 5 and and CCONJ _ 6 scaly cc 6 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 4 cool conj 7 . . PUNCT _ 3 felt punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 feel past the fish cool property vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus
Example 8 And he lay there on his great green scaly side, panting, and very much out of breath, because he had come such a long way.
The tree, 25 words cc nsubj advmod case nmod:poss amod amod amod obl punct advcl punct cc advmod advmod case case obl punct mark nsubj aux conj det:predet det amod obl:unmarked punct root And CCONJ he PRON lay VERB there ADV on ADP his PRON great ADJ green ADJ scaly ADJ side NOUN , PUNCT panting VERB , PUNCT and CCONJ very ADV much ADV out ADP of ADP breath NOUN , PUNCT because SCONJ he PRON had AUX come VERB such DET a DET long ADJ way NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 And and CCONJ _ 3 lay cc 2 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 lay nsubj 3 lay lie VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 there there ADV PronType=Dem 3 lay advmod 5 on on ADP _ 10 side case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 side nmod:poss 7 great great ADJ Degree=Pos 10 side amod 8 green green ADJ Degree=Pos 10 side amod 9 scaly scaly ADJ Degree=Pos 10 side amod 10 side side NOUN Number=Sing 3 lay obl 11 , , PUNCT _ 12 panting punct 12 panting pant VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 3 lay advcl 13 , , PUNCT _ 19 breath punct 14 and and CCONJ _ 19 breath cc 15 very very ADV _ 16 much advmod 16 much much ADV _ 19 breath advmod 17 out out ADP _ 19 breath case 18 of of ADP _ 19 breath case 19 breath breath NOUN Number=Sing 12 panting obl 20 , , PUNCT _ 24 come punct 21 because because SCONJ _ 24 come mark 22 he he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 24 come nsubj 23 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 24 come aux 24 come come VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 3 lay conj 25 such such DET PronType=Ind 28 way det:predet 26 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 way det 27 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 28 way amod 28 way way NOUN Number=Sing 24 come obl:unmarked 29 . . PUNCT _ 3 lay punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 lie past he his great green scaly side; there vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on side=Location 2 pant gerund he not said here breath vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 come past · perfect he such long way vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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