scotch

Who acts: plan, Scotch tape, Scotch, old word, We, head teacher · What happens: be, make, stop, show, use, fix · To what, where: Scotch whisky, rumour, fixed names, US brand, old word, boiled egg · Speech: someone speaks here

«scotch» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: scotch in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

Scotch is whisky made in Scotland (an alcoholic drink for adults).

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 whisky	compound
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 whisky	cop
3	whisky	whisky	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 whisky	acl
5	in	in	ADP	_	6 Scotland	case
6	Scotland	Scotland	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 made	obl:agent
7	(	(	PUNCT	_	10 drink	punct
8	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 drink	det
9	alcoholic	alcoholic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 drink	amod
10	drink	drink	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 Scotland	appos
11	for	for	ADP	_	12 adults	case
12	adults	adult	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 drink	nmod
13	)	)	PUNCT	_	10 drink	punct
14	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 whisky	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present		Scotch whisky					tree rules
2	make	participle		Scotch whisky not said here					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

To stop a rumour, idea or plan, often by showing it is false.

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 stop	mark
2	stop	stop	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 rumour	det
4	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 stop	obj
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 idea	punct
6	idea	idea	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rumour	appos
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 plan	cc
8	plan	plan	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 rumour	conj
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 showing	punct
10	often	often	ADV	_	12 showing	advmod
11	by	by	SCONJ	_	12 showing	mark
12	showing	show	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 stop	advcl
13	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	15 false	nsubj
14	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 false	cop
15	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 showing	ccomp
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 stop	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	stop	to-infinitive		a rumour or plan		vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality rumour=Eventuality
2	show	gerund			often property	vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	present	plan		false property	tree rules

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

"scotch a rumour".

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 scotch	punct
2	scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 rumour	det
4	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 scotch	nmod:unmarked
5	"	"	PUNCT	_	2 scotch	punct
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 scotch	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Meaning 3

Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

Used in some fixed names.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Used	use	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
2	in	in	ADP	_	5 names	case
3	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	5 names	det
4	fixed	fix	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 names	amod
5	names	name	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Used	obl
6	.	.	PUNCT	_	1 Used	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	use	participle				some fixed names			vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	fix	participle							vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient

The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

Scotch egg (a boiled egg wrapped in sausage meat and breadcrumbs), Scotch pancake, Scotch mist.

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 egg	compound
2	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	(	(	PUNCT	_	6 egg	punct
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 egg	det
5	boiled	boil	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 egg	amod
6	egg	egg	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 egg	appos
7	wrapped	wrap	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 egg	acl
8	in	in	ADP	_	10 meat	case
9	sausage	sausage	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 meat	compound
10	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 wrapped	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 breadcrumbs	cc
12	breadcrumbs	breadcrumb	NOUN	Number=Plur	10 meat	conj
13	)	)	PUNCT	_	6 egg	punct
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	16 pancake	punct
15	Scotch	scotch	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 pancake	amod
16	pancake	pancake	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 egg	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 mist	punct
18	Scotch	scotch	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 mist	amod
19	mist	mist	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 egg	conj
20	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 egg	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	boil	participle							vn cooking-45.3 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	wrap	participle		a boiled egg not said here		sausage meat and breadcrumbs			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in meat=Destination

Meaning 4

Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

Scotch tape is a US brand of clear sticky tape (UK: Sellotape).

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 tape	compound
2	tape	tape	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 brand	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 brand	cop
4	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 brand	det
5	US	US	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 brand	compound
6	brand	brand	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
7	of	of	ADP	_	10 tape	case
8	clear	clear	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 tape	amod
9	sticky	sticky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 tape	amod
10	tape	tape	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 brand	nmod
11	(	(	PUNCT	_	12 UK	punct
12	UK	UK	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 tape	appos
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	14 Sellotape	punct
14	Sellotape	sellotape	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	6 brand	parataxis
15	)	)	PUNCT	_	14 Sellotape	punct
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 brand	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Scotch tape	a US brand				of clear sticky tape	tree rules
2	sellotape	infinitive							tree rules

Meaning 5

Scotch can also be an old word meaning Scottish, as in "Scotch ballads".

The tree, 13 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 word	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	7 word	aux
3	also	also	ADV	_	7 word	advmod
4	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	7 word	cop
5	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 word	det
6	old	old	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 word	amod
7	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	meaning	mean	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	7 word	acl
9	Scottish	Scottish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 meaning	xcomp
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 ballads	punct
11	as	as	ADP	_	15 ballads	case
12	in	in	ADP	_	15 ballads	case
13	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 ballads	punct
14	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 ballads	compound
15	ballads	ballad	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 meaning	obl
16	"	"	PUNCT	_	15 ballads	punct
17	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 word	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	can	Scotch	a old word					tree rules
2	mean	gerund	a old word not said here					as Scotch ballads; scottish property	vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as ballad=Attribute

Example 1

We had Scotch eggs at the picnic.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 had	nsubj
2	had	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	Scotch	Scotch	PROPN	Number=Sing	4 eggs	compound
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 had	obj
5	at	at	ADP	_	7 picnic	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 picnic	det
7	picnic	picnic	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 had	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 had	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	have	past	We	Scotch eggs		the picnic			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Patient

Example 2

The head teacher scotched the rumour that school would close.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 teacher	det
2	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 teacher	compound
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 scotched	nsubj
4	scotched	scotch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 rumour	det
6	rumour	rumour	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 scotched	obj
7	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	10 close	nsubj
8	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 close	nsubj
9	would	would	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	10 close	aux
10	close	close	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 rumour	acl:relcl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 scotched	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scotch	past	the head teacher	the rumour					tree rules
2	close	would	the rumour						vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

Example 3

Can you pass the Scotch tape? (US)

Sentence 1: Can you pass the Scotch tape?

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	3 pass	aux
2	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	3 pass	nsubj
3	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 tape	det
5	Scotch	scotch	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 tape	amod
6	tape	tape	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 pass	obj
7	?	?	PUNCT	_	3 pass	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	pass	can	you	the Scotch tape					vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme tape=Trajectory

Sentence 2: (US)

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	(	(	PUNCT	_	2 US	punct
2	US	US	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	)	)	PUNCT	_	2 US	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 4

Grandad likes a glass of Scotch after dinner.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 likes	nsubj
2	likes	like	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 glass	det
4	glass	glass	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 likes	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 Scotch	case
6	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 glass	nmod
7	after	after	ADP	_	8 dinner	case
8	dinner	dinner	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 likes	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 likes	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	like	present	Grandad	a glass of Scotch			after dinner		vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot glass=Theme

Example 5

The rain scotched our plans for a barbecue.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rain	det
2	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scotched	nsubj
3	scotched	scotch	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
4	our	our	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	5 plans	nmod:poss
5	plans	plan	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 scotched	obj
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 barbecue	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 barbecue	det
8	barbecue	barbecue	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 scotched	obl
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 scotched	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	scotch	participle	the rain	our plans				for a barbecue	tree rules
2	plan		our						nom plan «cognition transitive»: poss=agent

Example 6

She is Scottish, not "Scotch"!

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	3 Scottish	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 Scottish	cop
3	Scottish	Scottish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 Scotch	punct
5	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	7 Scotch	advmod
6	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 Scotch	punct
7	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 Scottish	appos
8	"	"	PUNCT	_	7 Scotch	punct
9	!	!	PUNCT	_	3 Scottish	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is	present	She					scottish property	tree rules

Example 7

Soon there was an army of brave Scotch-men around him.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Soon	soon	ADV	Degree=Pos	3 was	advmod
2	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	3 was	expl
3	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	an	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	5 army	det
5	army	army	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 was	nsubj
6	of	of	ADP	_	10 men	case
7	brave	brave	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 men	amod
8	Scotch	scotch	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 men	compound
9	-	-	PUNCT	_	8 Scotch	punct
10	men	man	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 army	nmod
11	around	around	ADP	_	12 him	case
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 men	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 was	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a army of brave Scotch men around him			there		soon property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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