scribe

Who acts: scribes, adult, pupil, Ancient Egyptian scribes, monk, scribe · What happens: be, copy, print, write down, answer, write · To what, where: documents, experts, Jewish law, answers, test, papyrus · Speech: someone speaks here

«scribe» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: scribe in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

A person whose job was to write or copy documents by hand, before printing.

The tree, 14 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 person	det
2	person	person	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 job	nsubj
3	whose	whose	PRON	Poss=Yes PronType=Rel	4 job	nmod:poss
4	job	job	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	7 write	cop
6	to	to	PART	_	7 write	mark
7	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	4 job	acl:relcl
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	9 copy	cc
9	copy	copy	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	7 write	conj
10	documents	document	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 copy	obj
11	by	by	ADP	_	12 hand	case
12	hand	hand	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 copy	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 printing	punct
14	before	before	SCONJ	_	15 printing	mark
15	printing	print	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	9 copy	advcl
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 job	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is	past		write property	tree rules
2	copy	infinitive	documents	by hand	vn transcribe-25.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent document=Theme by hand=Destination
3	print	gerund			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

In the New Testament, the scribes were experts in Jewish law.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	4 Testament	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 Testament	det
3	New	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 Testament	amod
4	Testament	Testament	PROPN	Number=Sing	root	root
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	4 Testament	punct
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 scribes	det
7	scribes	scribe	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 experts	nsubj
8	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	9 experts	cop
9	experts	expert	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 Testament	nmod
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 law	case
11	Jewish	Jewish	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 law	amod
12	law	law	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 experts	nmod
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 experts	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	past	the scribes	experts		Jewish law			tree rules

Meaning 3

Usage: school — kept apart, not parsed.

An adult who writes down a pupil's answers in a test.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	An	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 adult	det
2	adult	adult	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	4 writes	nsubj
4	writes	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 adult	acl:relcl
5	down	down	ADP	_	4 writes	compound:prt
6	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	7 pupil	det
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 answers	nmod:poss
8	's	's	PART	_	7 pupil	case
9	answers	answer	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 writes	obj
10	in	in	ADP	_	12 test	case
11	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 test	det
12	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 writes	obl
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 adult	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write down	present	a adult	a pupil's answers		a test			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent answer=Theme in test=Destination
2	answer		a pupil						nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Meaning 4

Usage: informal, humorous — kept apart, not parsed.

A writer or journalist.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 writer	det
2	writer	writer	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
3	or	or	CCONJ	_	4 journalist	cc
4	journalist	journalist	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 writer	conj
5	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 writer	punct

The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

Example 1

Ancient Egyptian scribes wrote on papyrus.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Ancient	ancient	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 scribes	amod
2	Egyptian	Egyptian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 scribes	amod
3	scribes	scribe	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 wrote	nsubj
4	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	on	on	ADP	_	6 papyrus	case
6	papyrus	papyrus	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 wrote	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 wrote	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write	past	Ancient Egyptian scribes			papyrus			vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on papyrus=Destination

Example 2

The monk worked as a scribe copying the Bible.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 monk	det
2	monk	monk	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 worked	nsubj
3	worked	work	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	as	as	ADP	_	6 scribe	case
5	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	6 scribe	det
6	scribe	scribe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 worked	obl
7	copying	copy	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 scribe	acl
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 Bible	det
9	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	7 copying	obj
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 worked	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	work	past	the monk					as a scribe	vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.attribute PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent as scribe=Attribute
2	copy	gerund	a scribe not said here	the Bible					vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bible=Theme

Example 3

In the Bible, Jesus argued with the scribes.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 Bible	case
2	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	3 Bible	det
3	Bible	Bible	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 argued	obl
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 Bible	punct
5	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	Number=Sing	6 argued	nsubj
6	argued	argue	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	9 scribes	case
8	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	9 scribes	det
9	scribes	scribe	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 argued	obl
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 argued	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	argue speech: disagree	past	Jesus			the Bible		with the scribes	vn chit_chat-37.6-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with scribe=Co-Agent

Example 4

A scribe helped Sam write his test answers.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 scribe	det
2	scribe	scribe	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 helped	nsubj
3	helped	help	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	Sam	Sam	PROPN	Number=Sing	5 write	nsubj
5	write	write	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 helped	xcomp
6	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 answers	nmod:poss
7	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 answers	compound
8	answers	answer	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 write	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 helped	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	roles by
1	help	past	a scribe		vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	write	infinitive	Sam	Sam's test answers	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Theme
3	answer		Sam		nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Example 5

You can be the scribe for your group.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	You	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	5 scribe	nsubj
2	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	5 scribe	aux
3	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	5 scribe	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 scribe	det
5	scribe	scribe	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
6	for	for	ADP	_	8 group	case
7	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 group	nmod:poss
8	group	group	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 scribe	nmod
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 scribe	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	is a	can	You	the scribe				for your group	tree rules

Example 6

The king's scribe wrote down every word.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 king	det
2	king	king	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 scribe	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 king	case
4	scribe	scribe	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wrote	nsubj
5	wrote	write	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	down	down	ADP	_	5 wrote	compound:prt
7	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	8 word	det
8	word	word	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 wrote	obj
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 wrote	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	write down	past	the king's scribe	every word					vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent word=Theme

Example 7

By his orders this story and the others I had told him were written by his scribes in letters of gold, and laid up among his treasures.

The tree, 27 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	By	by	ADP	_	3 orders	case
2	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	3 orders	nmod:poss
3	orders	order	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 told	obl
4	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	5 story	det
5	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 told	nsubj:pass
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 others	cc
7	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	8 others	det
8	others	other	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 story	conj
9	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	11 told	nsubj
10	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 told	aux
11	told	tell	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
12	him	he	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	14 written	nsubj:pass
13	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	14 written	aux:pass
14	written	write	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 told	xcomp
15	by	by	ADP	_	17 scribes	case
16	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 scribes	nmod:poss
17	scribes	scribe	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 written	obl
18	in	in	ADP	_	19 letters	case
19	letters	letter	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 written	obl
20	of	of	ADP	_	21 gold	case
21	gold	gold	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 letters	nmod
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 laid	punct
23	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 laid	cc
24	laid	lay	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	11 told	conj
25	up	up	ADP	_	24 laid	compound:prt
26	among	among	ADP	_	28 treasures	case
27	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	28 treasures	nmod:poss
28	treasures	treasure	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 laid	obl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	11 told	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	tell speech: assert	past · perfect · passive	his orders	this story and the others		vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent subject=Recipient clause=Topic
2	write not said to happen	past · passive	his scribes	him = he	letters of gold	vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Theme in letter=Destination
3	lay up	participle	his orders not said here		his treasures	vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent among treasure=Destination
4	order		his = he			nom order «communication transitive»: poss=agent
5	letter			gold		nom letter «communication transitive»: of=patient
6	treasure		his = he			nom treasure «possession transitive»: poss=agent

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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