sly Who acts: you, sly smile, someone, others, sly, sly fox · What happens: mean, trick, hide, plan, look, wink · To what, where: people, secret, joke, crow, cheese, friend · Speech: someone speaks here
«sly» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sly in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Sly means clever in a sneaky way, good at tricking people and hiding what you really plan.
The tree, 17 words advmod xcomp case det amod obl punct amod mark advcl obj cc conj obj nsubj advmod ccomp punct root Sly ADV means VERB clever ADJ in ADP a DET sneaky ADJ way NOUN , PUNCT good ADJ at SCONJ tricking VERB people NOUN and CCONJ hiding VERB what PRON you PRON really ADV plan VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sly sly ADV _ 2 means advmod 2 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 3 clever clever ADJ Degree=Pos 2 means xcomp 4 in in ADP _ 7 way case 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 7 way det 6 sneaky sneaky ADJ Degree=Pos 7 way amod 7 way way NOUN Number=Sing 2 means obl 8 , , PUNCT _ 9 good punct 9 good good ADJ Degree=Pos 7 way amod 10 at at SCONJ _ 11 tricking mark 11 tricking trick VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 9 good advcl 12 people people NOUN Number=Plur 11 tricking obj 13 and and CCONJ _ 14 hiding cc 14 hiding hide VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 11 tricking conj 15 what what PRON PronType=Int 18 plan obj 16 you you PRON Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs 18 plan nsubj 17 really really ADV _ 18 plan advmod 18 plan plan VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 hiding ccomp 19 . . PUNCT _ 2 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present in a sneaky way; clever, sly property vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot in way=Attribute 2 trick gerund people vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent people=Patient 3 hide gerund tree rules 4 plan present you vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Topic
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A sly smile, look or wink shows that someone knows a secret or a joke that others do not.
The tree, 19 words det amod nsubj punct parataxis cc conj mark nsubj ccomp det obj cc det conj obj nsubj acl:relcl advmod punct root A DET sly ADJ smile NOUN , PUNCT look VERB or CCONJ wink VERB shows VERB that SCONJ someone PRON knows VERB a DET secret NOUN or CCONJ a DET joke NOUN that PRON others NOUN do VERB not PART . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 smile det 2 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 smile amod 3 smile smile NOUN Number=Sing 8 shows nsubj 4 , , PUNCT _ 5 look punct 5 look look VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 3 smile parataxis 6 or or CCONJ _ 7 wink cc 7 wink wink VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin 5 look conj 8 shows show VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 9 that that SCONJ _ 11 knows mark 10 someone someone PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 11 knows nsubj 11 knows know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 shows ccomp 12 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 13 secret det 13 secret secret NOUN Number=Sing 11 knows obj 14 or or CCONJ _ 16 joke cc 15 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 16 joke det 16 joke joke NOUN Number=Sing 13 secret conj 17 that that PRON PronType=Rel 19 do obj 18 others other NOUN Number=Plur 19 do nsubj 19 do do VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 16 joke acl:relcl 20 not not PART Polarity=Neg 19 do advmod 21 . . PUNCT _ 8 shows punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 look infinitive vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus 2 wink infinitive vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 3 show present a sly smile vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 4 know present someone a secret or a joke vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer secret=Stimulus 5 not do present others a joke vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality
Meaning 3 «On the sly» means secretly, so that others do not notice.
The tree, 11 words punct case det nsubj punct advmod punct mark fixed nsubj aux advmod conj punct root « PUNCT On ADP the DET sly ADJ » PUNCT means VERB secretly ADV , PUNCT so SCONJ that SCONJ others NOUN do AUX not PART notice VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 4 sly punct 2 On on ADP _ 4 sly case 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 4 sly det 4 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 6 means nsubj 5 » » PUNCT _ 4 sly punct 6 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 7 secretly secretly ADV _ 6 means advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 14 notice punct 9 so so SCONJ ExtPos=SCONJ 14 notice mark 10 that that SCONJ _ 9 so fixed 11 others other NOUN Number=Plur 14 notice nsubj 12 do do AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 14 notice aux 13 not not PART Polarity=Neg 14 notice advmod 14 notice notice VERB VerbForm=Inf 6 means conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 6 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 mean present the sly secretly property vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent 2 not notice present · do-support others vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer
Example 1 The sly fox tricked the crow into dropping its cheese.
det amod nsubj det obj mark advcl nmod:poss obj punct root The DET sly ADJ fox NOUN tricked VERB the DET crow NOUN into SCONJ dropping VERB its PRON cheese NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 fox det 2 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 fox amod 3 fox fox NOUN Number=Sing 4 tricked nsubj 4 tricked trick VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 crow det 6 crow crow NOUN Number=Sing 4 tricked obj 7 into into SCONJ _ 8 dropping mark 8 dropping drop VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part 4 tricked advcl 9 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 10 cheese nmod:poss 10 cheese cheese NOUN Number=Sing 8 dropping obj 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 tricked punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 trick past the sly fox the crow vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crow=Patient 2 drop gerund the sly fox not said here fox's cheese vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cheese=Theme
Example 2 Be careful: a sly person may pretend to be your friend to get something.
The tree, 14 words cop punct det amod nsubj aux conj mark cop nmod:poss xcomp mark advcl obj punct root Be AUX careful ADJ : PUNCT a DET sly ADJ person NOUN may AUX pretend VERB to PART be AUX your PRON friend NOUN to PART get VERB something PRON . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 2 careful cop 2 careful careful ADJ Degree=Pos root root 3 : : PUNCT _ 8 pretend punct 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 person det 5 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 6 person amod 6 person person NOUN Number=Sing 8 pretend nsubj 7 may may AUX VerbForm=Fin 8 pretend aux 8 pretend pretend VERB VerbForm=Inf 2 careful conj 9 to to PART _ 12 friend mark 10 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 12 friend cop 11 your your PRON Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 12 friend nmod:poss 12 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 8 pretend xcomp 13 to to PART _ 14 get mark 14 get get VERB VerbForm=Inf 8 pretend advcl 15 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 14 get obj 16 . . PUNCT _ 2 careful punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is imperative you not said here careful property tree rules 2 pretend may a sly person tree rules 3 is a to-infinitive a sly person not said here your friend tree rules 4 get to-infinitive a sly person not said here something vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer something=Stimulus
Example 3 Tom gave me a sly wink when the teacher wasn't looking.
nsubj iobj det amod obj mark det nsubj aux advmod advcl punct root Tom PROPN gave VERB me PRON a DET sly ADJ wink NOUN when SCONJ the DET teacher NOUN was AUX n't PART looking VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Tom Tom PROPN Number=Sing 2 gave nsubj 2 gave give VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 me I PRON Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 gave iobj 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 wink det 5 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 6 wink amod 6 wink wink NOUN Number=Sing 2 gave obj 7 when when SCONJ _ 12 looking mark 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 teacher det 9 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 12 looking nsubj 10 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 looking aux 11 n't not PART Polarity=Neg 12 looking advmod 12 looking look VERB VerbForm=Ger 2 gave advcl 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 gave punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 give past Tom a sly wink me vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient wink=Theme 2 not look past · progressive the teacher vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
Example 4 She had a sly smile, so I knew she had hidden my shoes.
The tree, 13 words nsubj det amod obj punct advmod nsubj parataxis nsubj aux ccomp nmod:poss obj punct root She PRON had VERB a DET sly ADJ smile NOUN , PUNCT so ADV I PRON knew VERB she PRON had AUX hidden VERB my PRON shoes NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 had nsubj 2 had have VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 5 smile det 4 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 5 smile amod 5 smile smile NOUN Number=Sing 2 had obj 6 , , PUNCT _ 9 knew punct 7 so so ADV _ 9 knew advmod 8 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 9 knew nsubj 9 knew know VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 had parataxis 10 she she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 12 hidden nsubj 11 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 12 hidden aux 12 hidden hide VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 9 knew ccomp 13 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 14 shoes nmod:poss 14 shoes shoe NOUN Number=Plur 12 hidden obj 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 had punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 have past She a sly smile vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smile=Patient 2 know past I vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus 3 hide past · perfect she my shoes vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Patient
Example 5 He was eating sweets on the sly during the film.
nsubj aux obj case det obl case det obl punct root He PRON was AUX eating VERB sweets NOUN on ADP the DET sly ADJ during ADP the DET film NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 eating nsubj 2 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 3 eating aux 3 eating eat VERB Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part root root 4 sweets sweet NOUN Number=Plur 3 eating obj 5 on on ADP _ 7 sly case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 7 sly det 7 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 eating obl 8 during during ADP _ 10 film case 9 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 10 film det 10 film film NOUN Number=Sing 7 sly obl 11 . . PUNCT _ 3 eating punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 eat past · progressive He sweets the sly vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Patient
Example 6 The sly cat waited quietly until the bird came close.
det amod nsubj advmod mark det nsubj advcl advmod punct root The DET sly ADJ cat NOUN waited VERB quietly ADV until SCONJ the DET bird NOUN came VERB close ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 cat det 2 sly sly ADJ Degree=Pos 3 cat amod 3 cat cat NOUN Number=Sing 4 waited nsubj 4 waited wait VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 5 quietly quietly ADV _ 4 waited advmod 6 until until SCONJ _ 9 came mark 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bird det 8 bird bird NOUN Number=Sing 9 came nsubj 9 came come VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 waited advcl 10 close close ADV Degree=Pos 9 came advmod 11 . . PUNCT _ 4 waited punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 wait past the sly cat quietly property vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 2 come past the bird close property vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
Example 7 "No need to search any farther," thought sly Master Fox.
punct det nsubj mark acl det advmod punct punct advmod amod obj punct root " PUNCT No DET need NOUN to PART search VERB any DET farther ADV , PUNCT " PUNCT thought VERB sly ADV Master ADJ Fox NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 " " PUNCT _ 3 need punct 2 No no DET PronType=Neg 3 need det 3 need need NOUN Number=Sing 10 thought nsubj 4 to to PART _ 5 search mark 5 search search VERB VerbForm=Inf 3 need acl 6 any any DET PronType=Ind 7 farther det 7 farther far ADV Degree=Cmp 5 search advmod 8 , , PUNCT _ 3 need punct 9 " " PUNCT _ 10 thought punct 10 thought think VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 11 sly sly ADV _ 12 Master advmod 12 Master mast ADJ Degree=Cmp 13 Fox amod 13 Fox fox NOUN Number=Sing 10 thought obj 14 . . PUNCT _ 10 thought punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 search in a quote to-infinitive Master Fox not said here far property vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent 2 think speech: other past Master Fox vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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