smear

Who acts: someone, smear test, She, smear, you, politician · What happens: spread, make, rub, smudge, damage, name · To what, where: something, surface, dirty mark, mark, ink, false stories · Speech: someone speaks here

«smear» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: smear in the school dictionary.

Meaning 1

To spread something soft, sticky or oily over a surface, often messily.

The tree, 12 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 spread	mark
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	2 spread	obj
4	soft	soft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 something	amod
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	6 sticky	punct
6	sticky	sticky	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 soft	conj
7	or	or	CCONJ	_	8 oily	cc
8	oily	oily	ADJ	Degree=Pos	4 soft	conj
9	over	over	ADP	_	11 surface	case
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 surface	det
11	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 often	punct
13	often	often	ADV	_	14 messily	advmod
14	messily	messily	ADV	_	2 spread	advmod
15	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread	to-infinitive		something		a surface		messily property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent something=Theme over surface=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Meaning 2

Usage: noun — kept apart, not parsed.

A dirty mark made by something rubbed on a surface.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 mark	det
2	dirty	dirty	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 mark	amod
3	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 mark	acl
5	by	by	ADP	_	6 something	case
6	something	something	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	4 made	obl:agent
7	rubbed	rub	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	6 something	acl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 surface	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 surface	det
10	surface	surface	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 rubbed	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 mark	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	make	participle		a dirty mark not said here					vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
2	rub	participle				a surface			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on surface=Destination

Meaning 3

To make a mark blurry by rubbing, like smudging ink.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 make	mark
2	make	make	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 mark	det
4	mark	mark	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 make	obj
5	blurry	blurry	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 make	xcomp
6	by	by	SCONJ	_	7 rubbing	mark
7	rubbing	rub	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	2 make	advcl
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 smudging	punct
9	like	like	SCONJ	_	10 smudging	mark
10	smudging	smudge	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	7 rubbing	conj
11	ink	ink	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 smudging	obj
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 make	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	what, whom	other	roles by
1	make	to-infinitive	a mark	blurry property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset mark=Product
2	rub	gerund			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme
3	smudge	gerund	ink		vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent ink=Theme

Meaning 4

To spread false or unfair stories to damage someone's good name: «a smear campaign».

The tree, 15 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	To	to	PART	_	2 spread	mark
2	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	false	false	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 stories	amod
4	or	or	CCONJ	_	5 unfair	cc
5	unfair	unfair	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 false	conj
6	stories	story	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 spread	obj
7	to	to	PART	_	8 damage	mark
8	damage	damage	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 spread	advcl
9	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	12 name	nmod:poss
10	's	's	PART	_	9 someone	case
11	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 name	amod
12	name	name	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 damage	obj
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	17 campaign	punct
14	«	«	PUNCT	_	17 campaign	punct
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	17 campaign	det
16	smear	smear	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 campaign	compound
17	campaign	campaign	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 spread	obl
18	»	»	PUNCT	_	17 campaign	punct
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 spread	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	spread	to-infinitive		false stories	a smear campaign obl	vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location story=Theme
2	damage	to-infinitive		someone's good name		vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient
3	name		someone			nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent

Meaning 5

Usage: medicine — kept apart, not parsed.

A small sample of cells taken on a slide for testing; in the UK a «smear test» is a health check for grown-up women.

The tree, 25 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	3 sample	det
2	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	3 sample	amod
3	sample	sample	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
4	of	of	ADP	_	5 cells	case
5	cells	cell	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 sample	nmod
6	taken	take	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	5 cells	acl
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 slide	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	9 slide	det
9	slide	slide	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 taken	obl
10	for	for	ADP	_	11 testing	case
11	testing	testing	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 taken	obl
12	;	;	PUNCT	_	24 check	punct
13	in	in	ADP	_	15 UK	case
14	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	15 UK	det
15	UK	UK	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 check	obl
16	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	19 test	det
17	«	«	PUNCT	_	19 test	punct
18	smear	smear	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 test	compound
19	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 check	nsubj
20	»	»	PUNCT	_	19 test	punct
21	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 check	cop
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 check	det
23	health	health	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 check	compound
24	check	check	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 sample	conj
25	for	for	ADP	_	29 women	case
26	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	29 women	amod
27	-	-	PUNCT	_	28 up	punct
28	up	up	ADP	_	26 grown	compound:prt
29	women	woman	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 check	nmod
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 sample	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	take	participle		cells not said here	a slide	for testing	vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on slide=Destination
2	is a	present	a smear test	a health check	the UK	for grown women	tree rules
3	grow up	participle					vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	sample			cells			nom sample «cognition transitive»: of=patient

Example 1

She smeared butter on her toast.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	She	she	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 smeared	nsubj
2	smeared	smear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	butter	butter	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 smeared	obj
4	on	on	ADP	_	6 toast	case
5	her	her	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 toast	nmod:poss
6	toast	toast	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 smeared	obl
7	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 smeared	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	smear	past	She	butter		her toast			vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent butter=Theme on toast=Destination

Example 2

There was a smear of chocolate on his cheek.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	There	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	2 was	expl
2	was	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 smear	det
4	smear	smear	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 was	nsubj
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 chocolate	case
6	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 smear	nmod
7	on	on	ADP	_	9 cheek	case
8	his	his	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	9 cheek	nmod:poss
9	cheek	cheek	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 chocolate	nmod
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 was	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	be	past	a smear of chocolate on smear's cheek			there			vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	smear			chocolate on smear's cheek					nom smear «communication transitive»: of=patient

Example 3

Don't touch the wet paint, or you'll smear it.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Do	do	AUX	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 touch	aux
2	n't	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	3 touch	advmod
3	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 paint	det
5	wet	wet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 paint	amod
6	paint	paint	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 touch	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	11 smear	punct
8	or	or	CCONJ	_	11 smear	cc
9	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	11 smear	nsubj
10	'll	will	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 smear	aux
11	smear	smear	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 touch	conj
12	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 smear	obj
13	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 touch	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	not touch	imperative · do-support	you not said here	the wet paint					vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme paint=Co-Theme
2	smear	future	you	paint					vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme

Example 4

The window was covered in greasy smears.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 window	det
2	window	window	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 covered	nsubj:pass
3	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	4 covered	aux:pass
4	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	in	in	ADP	_	7 smears	case
6	greasy	greasy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 smears	amod
7	smears	smear	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 covered	obl
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 covered	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	cover	past · passive		the window				in greasy smears	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination in smear=Theme

Example 5

The politician said the story was a smear.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 politician	det
2	politician	politician	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	nsubj
3	said	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 story	det
5	story	story	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 smear	nsubj
6	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	8 smear	cop
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	8 smear	det
8	smear	smear	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 said	ccomp
9	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 said	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	say speech: assert	past	the politician						vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
2	is a	past	the story	a smear					tree rules

Example 6

Mum went to the doctor for a routine smear test.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	nsubj
2	went	go	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	to	to	ADP	_	5 doctor	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 doctor	det
5	doctor	doctor	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
6	for	for	ADP	_	10 test	case
7	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 test	det
8	routine	routine	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 test	amod
9	smear	smear	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 test	compound
10	test	test	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 went	obl
11	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 went	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	go	past	Mum			the doctor		for a routine smear test	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to doctor=Initial_Location

Example 7

We put a smear of pond water on a slide and looked at it under the microscope.

The tree, 17 words

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	We	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	2 put	nsubj
2	put	put	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	4 smear	det
4	smear	smear	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 water	case
6	pond	pond	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 water	compound
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 smear	nmod
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 slide	case
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 slide	det
10	slide	slide	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 put	obl
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 looked	cc
12	looked	look	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 put	conj
13	at	at	ADP	_	14 it	case
14	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 looked	obl
15	under	under	ADP	_	17 microscope	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 microscope	det
17	microscope	microscope	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 looked	obl
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 put	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	put	past	We	a smear of pond water	a slide		vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent smear=Theme on slide=Destination
2	look	past	We not said here			under the microscope; at slide	vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at it=Theme
3	smear			pond water			nom smear «communication transitive»: of=patient

Example 8

The Flies were quickly smeared from head to foot with honey.

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 Flies	det
2	Flies	Fly	PROPN	Number=Plur	5 smeared	nsubj
3	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	5 smeared	aux:pass
4	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	5 smeared	advmod
5	smeared	smear	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
6	from	from	ADP	_	7 head	case
7	head	head	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smeared	obl
8	to	to	ADP	_	9 foot	case
9	foot	foot	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 smeared	obl
10	with	with	ADP	_	11 honey	case
11	honey	honey	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 foot	nmod
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 smeared	punct

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	smear	past · passive		the Flies		head		to foot with honey; quickly property	vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination

Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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