sown Who acts: acre, SOME CRANES · What happens: sow, be, plant, mean, spread, need · To what, where: Sown past participle, farmer, field, 3 acres, many rows, acre · Speech: someone speaks here
«sown» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: sown in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Sown is the past participle of sow: planted as seeds. The farmer has sown wheat in the field.
Sentence 1: Sown is the past participle of sow: planted as seeds.
amod cop det amod case nmod punct acl case obl punct root Sown VERB is AUX the DET past ADJ participle NOUN of ADP sow NOUN : PUNCT planted VERB as ADP seeds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 participle amod 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 participle cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 participle det 4 past past ADJ Degree=Pos 5 participle amod 5 participle participle NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 7 sow case 7 sow sow NOUN Number=Sing 5 participle nmod 8 : : PUNCT _ 9 planted punct 9 planted plant VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 participle acl 10 as as ADP _ 11 seeds case 11 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 9 planted obl 12 . . PUNCT _ 5 participle punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow participle vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 is a present the Sown past participle of sow tree rules 3 plant participle the Sown past participle not said here as seeds vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Sentence 2: The farmer has sown wheat in the field.
det nsubj:pass aux obj case det obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN has AUX sown VERB wheat NOUN in ADP the DET field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown nsubj:pass 3 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 sown aux 4 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 wheat wheat NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown obj 6 in in ADP _ 8 field case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 field det 8 field field NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow present · perfect · passive the farmer the field tree rules
Meaning 2 «Sown with» means spread with something, like a field sown with seeds.
The tree, 12 words punct nsubj obl punct ccomp case obl punct case det appos acl case obl punct root « PUNCT Sown VERB with ADP » PUNCT means VERB spread VERB with ADP something PRON , PUNCT like ADP a DET field NOUN sown VERB with ADP seeds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 « « PUNCT _ 2 Sown punct 2 Sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 5 means nsubj 3 with with ADP _ 2 Sown obl 4 » » PUNCT _ 2 Sown punct 5 means mean VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 spread spread VERB VerbForm=Inf 5 means ccomp 7 with with ADP _ 8 something case 8 something something PRON Number=Sing PronType=Ind 6 spread obl 9 , , PUNCT _ 12 field punct 10 like like ADP _ 12 field case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 field det 12 field field NOUN Number=Sing 8 something appos 13 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 12 field acl 14 with with ADP _ 15 seeds case 15 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 13 sown obl 16 . . PUNCT _ 5 means punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow in a quote participle vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 mean present vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic 3 spread infinitive with something vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme 4 sow participle a field not said here with seeds vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with seed=Theme
Example 1 The field was sown with 50 kg of seed.
det nsubj:pass aux:pass case nummod obl case nmod punct root The DET field NOUN was AUX sown VERB with ADP 50 NUM kg NOUN of ADP seed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 field det 2 field field NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown nsubj:pass 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sown aux:pass 4 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 with with ADP _ 7 kg case 6 50 50 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 7 kg nummod 7 kg kg NOUN Number=Plur 4 sown obl 8 of of ADP _ 9 seed case 9 seed seed NOUN Number=Sing 7 kg nmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow past · passive the field with 50 kg of seed vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: subject=Destination with kg=Theme
Example 2 3 acres have been sown.
nummod nsubj:pass aux aux:pass punct root 3 NUM acres NOUN have AUX been AUX sown VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 3 3 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 2 acres nummod 2 acres acre NOUN Number=Plur 5 sown nsubj:pass 3 have have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sown aux 4 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 5 sown aux:pass 5 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 . . PUNCT _ 5 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow present · perfect · passive 3 acres vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
Example 3 How many rows are sown?
advmod amod nsubj aux:pass punct root How ADV many ADJ rows NOUN are AUX sown VERB ? PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 How how ADV PronType=Int 2 many advmod 2 many many ADJ Degree=Pos 3 rows amod 3 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 5 sown nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sown aux:pass 5 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 ? ? PUNCT _ 5 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow present · passive many rows vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme
Example 4 Each acre sown needs 2 bags of seed.
det nsubj acl nummod obj case nmod punct root Each DET acre NOUN sown VERB needs VERB 2 NUM bags NOUN of ADP seed NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Each each DET PronType=Tot 2 acre det 2 acre acre NOUN Number=Sing 4 needs nsubj 3 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 acre acl 4 needs need VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 5 2 2 NUM NumForm=Digit NumType=Card 6 bags nummod 6 bags bag NOUN Number=Plur 4 needs obj 7 of of ADP _ 8 seed case 8 seed seed NOUN Number=Sing 6 bags nmod 9 . . PUNCT _ 4 needs punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow participle each acre not said here vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme 2 need present each acre 2 bags of seed vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot bag=Theme
Example 5 The beans were sown in neat rows.
det nsubj aux:pass case amod obl punct root The DET beans NOUN were AUX sown VERB in ADP neat ADJ rows NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 beans det 2 beans bean NOUN Number=Plur 4 sown nsubj 3 were be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sown aux:pass 4 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 in in ADP _ 7 rows case 6 neat neat ADJ Degree=Pos 7 rows amod 7 rows row NOUN Number=Plur 4 sown obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow past · passive the beans neat rows vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme in row=Destination
Example 6 Once the seeds are sown, water them gently.
mark det nsubj aux:pass punct obj nmod advmod punct root Once SCONJ the DET seeds NOUN are AUX sown VERB , PUNCT water NOUN them PRON gently ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Once once SCONJ _ 5 sown mark 2 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 3 seeds det 3 seeds seed NOUN Number=Plur 5 sown nsubj 4 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 sown aux:pass 5 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 6 , , PUNCT _ 7 water punct 7 water water NOUN Number=Sing 5 sown obj 8 them they PRON Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 7 water nmod 9 gently gently ADV _ 5 sown advmod 10 . . PUNCT _ 5 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow present · passive the seeds gently property tree rules
Example 7 The farmer had sown corn in the big field.
det nsubj:pass aux obj case det amod obl punct root The DET farmer NOUN had AUX sown VERB corn NOUN in ADP the DET big ADJ field NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 farmer det 2 farmer farmer NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown nsubj:pass 3 had have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 sown aux 4 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 corn corn NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown obj 6 in in ADP _ 9 field case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 field det 8 big big ADJ Degree=Pos 9 field amod 9 field field NOUN Number=Sing 4 sown obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 4 sown punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 sow past · perfect · passive the farmer the big field tree rules
Example 8 SOME CRANES made their feeding grounds on some plowlands newly sown with wheat.
amod nsubj nmod:poss compound obj case det obl advmod acl case obl punct root SOME ADJ CRANES NOUN made VERB their PRON feeding NOUN grounds NOUN on ADP some DET plowlands NOUN newly ADV sown VERB with ADP wheat NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 SOME some ADJ Degree=Pos 2 CRANES amod 2 CRANES crane NOUN Number=Plur 3 made nsubj 3 made make VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 their their PRON Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 grounds nmod:poss 5 feeding feeding NOUN Number=Sing 6 grounds compound 6 grounds grounds NOUN Number=Ptan 3 made obj 7 on on ADP _ 9 plowlands case 8 some some DET PronType=Ind 9 plowlands det 9 plowlands plowland NOUN Number=Plur 3 made obl 10 newly newly ADV _ 11 sown advmod 11 sown sow VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 9 plowlands acl 12 with with ADP _ 13 wheat case 13 wheat wheat NOUN Number=Sing 11 sown obl 14 . . PUNCT _ 3 made punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 make past SOME CRANES CRANES's feeding grounds some plowlands vn build-26.1-1 «NP.material V NP»: agent=Material grounds=Product 2 sow participle some plowlands not said here with wheat; newly property vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.destination PP.theme»: agent=Agent with wheat=Theme
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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