spar
Who acts: spar, wood, boy, sailor · What happens: be, hold up, beam, find, hold on, break · To what, where: long pole, sail, mast, kind, shiny crystal rock, caves
«spar» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spar in the school dictionary.
Meaning 1
A spar is a long pole, such as the wooden beam of a ship's mast or a piece of wood holding up a sail.
The tree, 25 words
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 spar | det |
| 2 | spar | spar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pole | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 pole | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 pole | det |
| 5 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 pole | amod |
| 6 | pole | pole | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 beam | punct |
| 8 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 12 beam | case |
| 9 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 such | fixed |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 beam | det |
| 11 | wooden | wooden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 beam | amod |
| 12 | beam | beam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pole | conj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 mast | case |
| 14 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 ship | det |
| 15 | ship | ship | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 mast | nmod:poss |
| 16 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 15 ship | case |
| 17 | mast | mast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 beam | nmod |
| 18 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 20 piece | cc |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 piece | det |
| 20 | piece | piece | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 pole | conj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 wood | case |
| 22 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 piece | nmod |
| 23 | holding | hold | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 22 wood | acl |
| 24 | up | up | ADP | _ | 23 holding | compound:prt |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 sail | det |
| 26 | sail | sail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 holding | obj |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 pole | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a spar | a long pole and the wooden beam of a ship's mast or a piece of wood | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hold up | gerund | wood not said here | a sail | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot sail=Theme | ||||
| 3 | beam | a ship's mast | nom beam «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2
A spar is a kind of shiny crystal rock found in caves.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 spar | det |
| 2 | spar | spar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 kind | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 kind | cop |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 kind | det |
| 5 | kind | kind | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 rock | case |
| 7 | shiny | shiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 rock | amod |
| 8 | crystal | crystal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 rock | amod |
| 9 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 kind | nmod |
| 10 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 rock | acl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 caves | case |
| 12 | caves | cave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 found | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 kind | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | a spar | a kind | of shiny crystal rock | tree rules | |||
| 2 | find | participle | shiny crystal rock not said here | caves | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent |
Example 1
The boy held on to a broken spar in the sea.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 held | nsubj |
| 3 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 3 held | compound:prt |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 spar | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 spar | det |
| 7 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 spar | amod |
| 8 | spar | spar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 held | obl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 sea | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sea | det |
| 11 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 spar | nmod |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 held | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold on | past | the boy | to a broken spar in the sea | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
Example 2
The cave walls were decorated with sparkling spar.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 walls | det |
| 2 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 walls | compound |
| 3 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 decorated | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 decorated | aux:pass |
| 5 | decorated | decorate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 spar | case |
| 7 | sparkling | sparkling | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 spar | amod |
| 8 | spar | spar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 decorated | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 decorated | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | decorate | past · passive | the cave walls | with sparkling spar | vn illustrate-25.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with spar=Theme |
Example 3
The sailor lashed the spar to the mast.
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 sailor | det |
| 2 | sailor | sailor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lashed | nsubj |
| 3 | lashed | lash | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 spar | det |
| 5 | spar | spar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lashed | obj |
| 6 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 mast | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 mast | det |
| 8 | mast | mast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lashed | obl |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lashed | punct |
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lash | past | the sailor | the spar | to the mast | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent spar=Patient to mast=Co-Patient |
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/S/spar/