spoke Who acts: Spoke, She, thin bars, I, He, One · What happens: be, speak, join, speak up, break, go · To what, where: past form, one, middle, bike wheel, centre, beads · Speech: someone speaks here
«spoke» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: spoke in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Spoke is the past form of «speak»: «She spoke to the teacher.».
The tree, 12 words nsubj cop det amod case punct nmod punct punct punct nsubj parataxis case det obl punct punct punct root Spoke NOUN is AUX the DET past ADJ form NOUN of ADP « PUNCT speak NOUN » PUNCT : PUNCT « PUNCT She PRON spoke VERB to ADP the DET teacher NOUN . PUNCT » PUNCT . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Spoke spoke NOUN Number=Sing 5 form nsubj 2 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 5 form cop 3 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 form det 4 past past ADJ Degree=Pos 5 form amod 5 form form NOUN Number=Sing root root 6 of of ADP _ 8 speak case 7 « « PUNCT _ 8 speak punct 8 speak speak NOUN Number=Sing 5 form nmod 9 » » PUNCT _ 8 speak punct 10 : : PUNCT _ 13 spoke punct 11 « « PUNCT _ 13 spoke punct 12 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 13 spoke nsubj 13 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 5 form parataxis 14 to to ADP _ 16 teacher case 15 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 16 teacher det 16 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 13 spoke obl 17 . . PUNCT _ 13 spoke punct 18 » » PUNCT _ 13 spoke punct 19 . . PUNCT _ 5 form punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a present Spoke the past form of speak tree rules 2 speak speech: other in a quote past She to the teacher vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to teacher=Co-Agent
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 A spoke is one of the thin bars or wires that join the middle (hub) of a wheel to its rim, as on a bike.
The tree, 25 words det cop cop case det amod nmod cc conj nsubj acl:relcl det obj punct conj punct case det nmod case nmod:poss nmod punct case case det conj punct root A DET spoke VERB is AUX one NUM of ADP the DET thin ADJ bars NOUN or CCONJ wires NOUN that PRON join VERB the DET middle NOUN ( PUNCT hub NOUN ) PUNCT of ADP a DET wheel NOUN to ADP its PRON rim NOUN , PUNCT as ADP on ADP a DET bike NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 one det 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 3 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 4 one cop 4 one one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card root root 5 of of ADP _ 8 bars case 6 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 bars det 7 thin thin ADJ Degree=Pos 8 bars amod 8 bars bar NOUN Number=Plur 4 one nmod 9 or or CCONJ _ 10 wires cc 10 wires wire NOUN Number=Plur 8 bars conj 11 that that PRON PronType=Rel 12 join nsubj 12 join join VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 bars acl:relcl 13 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 14 middle det 14 middle middle NOUN Number=Sing 12 join obj 15 ( ( PUNCT _ 16 hub punct 16 hub hub NOUN Number=Sing 4 one conj 17 ) ) PUNCT _ 16 hub punct 18 of of ADP _ 20 wheel case 19 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 20 wheel det 20 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 16 hub nmod 21 to to ADP _ 23 rim case 22 its its PRON Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 23 rim nmod:poss 23 rim rim NOUN Number=Sing 20 wheel nmod 24 , , PUNCT _ 28 bike punct 25 as as ADP _ 28 bike case 26 on on ADP _ 28 bike case 27 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 28 bike det 28 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 16 hub conj 29 . . PUNCT _ 4 one punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 is a past a one and hub of a wheel to wheel's rim and a bike of the thin bars or wires tree rules 2 join present the thin bars or wires the middle vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent middle=Patient
Example 1 She spoke very quietly.
nsubj advmod advmod punct root She PRON spoke VERB very ADV quietly ADV . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 She she PRON Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 spoke nsubj 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 very very ADV _ 4 quietly advmod 4 quietly quietly ADV _ 2 spoke advmod 5 . . PUNCT _ 2 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past She quietly property vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 2 I spoke to my teacher about the problem.
nsubj case nmod:poss obl case det obl punct root I PRON spoke VERB to ADP my PRON teacher NOUN about ADP the DET problem NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 I I PRON Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 spoke nsubj 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 to to ADP _ 5 teacher case 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 5 teacher nmod:poss 5 teacher teacher NOUN Number=Sing 2 spoke obl 6 about about ADP _ 8 problem case 7 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 8 problem det 8 problem problem NOUN Number=Sing 2 spoke obl 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past I to my teacher; about the problem vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent PP.topic»: agent=Agent to teacher=Co-Agent about problem=Topic
Example 3 He finally spoke up for his friend.
nsubj advmod compound:prt case nmod:poss obl punct root He PRON finally ADV spoke VERB up ADP for ADP his PRON friend NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 3 spoke nsubj 2 finally finally ADV _ 3 spoke advmod 3 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 4 up up ADP _ 3 spoke compound:prt 5 for for ADP _ 7 friend case 6 his his PRON Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 7 friend nmod:poss 7 friend friend NOUN Number=Sing 3 spoke obl 8 . . PUNCT _ 3 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak up speech: other past He for his friend; finally property vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 4 One spoke on my bike wheel is broken.
nsubj mark nmod:poss compound nsubj:pass aux:pass ccomp punct root One NUM spoke VERB on SCONJ my PRON bike NOUN wheel NOUN is AUX broken VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 One one NUM NumForm=Word NumType=Card 2 spoke nsubj 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 on on SCONJ _ 8 broken mark 4 my my PRON Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs 6 wheel nmod:poss 5 bike bike NOUN Number=Sing 6 wheel compound 6 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 8 broken nsubj:pass 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 8 broken aux:pass 8 broken break VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 spoke ccomp 9 . . PUNCT _ 2 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past One tree rules 2 break present · passive my bike wheel vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
Example 5 The spokes of the wheel go from the centre to the edge.
det nsubj case det nmod case det obl case det obl punct root The DET spokes NOUN of ADP the DET wheel NOUN go VERB from ADP the DET centre NOUN to ADP the DET edge NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 spokes det 2 spokes spoke NOUN Number=Plur 6 go nsubj 3 of of ADP _ 5 wheel case 4 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 5 wheel det 5 wheel wheel NOUN Number=Sing 2 spokes nmod 6 go go VERB Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin root root 7 from from ADP _ 9 centre case 8 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 9 centre det 9 centre centre NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl 10 to to ADP _ 12 edge case 11 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 12 edge det 12 edge edge NOUN Number=Sing 6 go obl 13 . . PUNCT _ 6 go punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 go infinitive the spokes of the wheel the centre to the edge vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme from centre=Initial_Location to edge=Destination
Example 6 We put beads on the spokes so they clicked when we rode.
nsubj obj case det obl advmod nsubj advcl advmod nsubj ccomp punct root We PRON put VERB beads NOUN on ADP the DET spokes NOUN so ADV they PRON clicked VERB when ADV we PRON rode VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 We we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 2 put nsubj 2 put put VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 beads bead NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obj 4 on on ADP _ 6 spokes case 5 the the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 spokes det 6 spokes spoke NOUN Number=Plur 2 put obl 7 so so ADV _ 9 clicked advmod 8 they they PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs 9 clicked nsubj 9 clicked click VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 2 put advcl 10 when when ADV PronType=Int 12 rode advmod 11 we we PRON Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs 12 rode nsubj 12 rode ride VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 9 clicked ccomp 13 . . PUNCT _ 2 put punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 put past We beads the spokes vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent bead=Theme on spoke=Destination 2 click past beads = bead tree rules 3 ride past we vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent
Example 7 He spoke for a long time.
nsubj case det amod obl punct root He PRON spoke VERB for ADP a DET long ADJ time NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 He he PRON Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs 2 spoke nsubj 2 spoke speak VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 for for ADP _ 6 time case 4 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 time det 5 long long ADJ Degree=Pos 6 time amod 6 time time NOUN Number=Sing 2 spoke obl 7 . . PUNCT _ 2 spoke punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 speak speech: other past He time vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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