statute Who acts: organisation, formal, statute, Parliament, people, statutes · What happens: write down, pass, write, rule, protect, require · To what, where: law, wild birds, formal Seat belts, statute, written law, plain words · Speech: someone speaks here
«statute» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: statute in the school dictionary .
Meaning 1 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
A law that has been written down and passed by a parliament or government.
The tree, 14 words det nsubj:pass aux aux:pass acl:relcl compound:prt cc conj case det obl cc conj punct root A DET law NOUN that PRON has AUX been AUX written VERB down ADP and CCONJ passed VERB by ADP a DET parliament NOUN or CCONJ government NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 2 law det 2 law law NOUN Number=Sing root root 3 that that PRON PronType=Rel 6 written nsubj:pass 4 has have AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 6 written aux 5 been be AUX Tense=Past VerbForm=Part 6 written aux:pass 6 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 2 law acl:relcl 7 down down ADP _ 6 written compound:prt 8 and and CCONJ _ 9 passed cc 9 passed pass VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 6 written conj 10 by by ADP _ 12 parliament case 11 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 12 parliament det 12 parliament parliament NOUN Number=Sing 9 passed obl 13 or or CCONJ _ 14 government cc 14 government government NOUN Number=Sing 12 parliament conj 15 . . PUNCT _ 2 law punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write down present · perfect · passive a law vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme 2 pass participle by a parliament or government vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by parliament=Location
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Meaning 2 Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.
A written rule of an organisation, such as a university.
det amod case det nmod punct case fixed det conj punct root A DET written VERB rule NOUN of ADP an DET organisation NOUN , PUNCT such ADJ as ADP a DET university NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 A a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 3 rule det 2 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 3 rule amod 3 rule rule NOUN Number=Sing root root 4 of of ADP _ 6 organisation case 5 an a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 organisation det 6 organisation organisation NOUN Number=Sing 3 rule nmod 7 , , PUNCT _ 11 university punct 8 such such ADJ Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP 11 university case 9 as as ADP _ 8 such fixed 10 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 11 university det 11 university university NOUN Number=Sing 3 rule conj 12 . . PUNCT _ 3 rule punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 rule a organisation nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent
Example 1 (formal) The new statute protects wild birds.
punct nsubj punct det amod nsubj amod obj punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT The DET new ADJ statute NOUN protects VERB wild ADJ birds NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 7 protects nsubj 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 6 statute det 5 new new ADJ Degree=Pos 6 statute amod 6 statute statute NOUN Number=Sing 7 protects nsubj 7 protects protect VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 8 wild wild ADJ Degree=Pos 9 birds amod 9 birds bird NOUN Number=Plur 7 protects obj 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 protects punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 protect present formal wild birds vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Beneficiary
Example 2 (formal) Seat belts are required by statute.
punct amod punct compound nsubj:pass aux:pass case obl punct root ( PUNCT formal ADJ ) PUNCT Seat NOUN belts NOUN are AUX required VERB by ADP statute NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 ( ( PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 2 formal formal ADJ Degree=Pos 5 belts amod 3 ) ) PUNCT _ 2 formal punct 4 Seat seat NOUN Number=Sing 5 belts compound 5 belts belt NOUN Number=Plur 7 required nsubj:pass 6 are be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 7 required aux:pass 7 required require VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 8 by by ADP _ 9 statute case 9 statute statute NOUN Number=Sing 7 required obl 10 . . PUNCT _ 7 required punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 require present · passive statute formal Seat belts vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition
Example 3 Parliament passed a statute about school attendance.
nsubj det obj case compound nmod punct root Parliament PROPN passed VERB a DET statute NOUN about ADP school NOUN attendance NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 Parliament Parliament PROPN Number=Sing 2 passed nsubj 2 passed pass VERB Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin root root 3 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 4 statute det 4 statute statute NOUN Number=Sing 2 passed obj 5 about about ADP _ 7 attendance case 6 school school NOUN Number=Sing 7 attendance compound 7 attendance attendance NOUN Number=Sing 4 statute nmod 8 . . PUNCT _ 2 passed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 pass past Parliament a statute about school attendance vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent statute=Theme about attendance=Destination
Example 4 In plain words, a statute is a written law.
case amod obl punct det nsubj cop det amod punct root In ADP plain ADJ words NOUN , PUNCT a DET statute NOUN is AUX a DET written VERB law NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 In in ADP _ 3 words case 2 plain plain ADJ Degree=Pos 3 words amod 3 words word NOUN Number=Plur 10 law obl 4 , , PUNCT _ 3 words punct 5 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 6 statute det 6 statute statute NOUN Number=Sing 10 law nsubj 7 is be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin 10 law cop 8 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 law det 9 written write VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass 10 law amod 10 law law NOUN Number=Sing root root 11 . . PUNCT _ 10 law punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 write participle vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent 2 is a present a statute a written law plain words tree rules
Example 5 The statute was changed after people complained.
det nsubj aux:pass mark nsubj advcl punct root The DET statute NOUN was AUX changed VERB after SCONJ people NOUN complained VERB . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 statute det 2 statute statute NOUN Number=Sing 4 changed nsubj 3 was be AUX Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 changed aux:pass 4 changed change VERB Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass root root 5 after after SCONJ _ 7 complained mark 6 people people NOUN Number=Plur 7 complained nsubj 7 complained complain VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin 4 changed advcl 8 . . PUNCT _ 4 changed punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 change past · passive the statute vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient 2 complain speech: other past people vn complain-37.8 «NP V»: agent=Agent
Example 6 The university's statutes say who can be a member.
det nmod:poss case nsubj nsubj aux cop det ccomp punct root The DET university NOUN 's PART statutes NOUN say VERB who PRON can AUX be AUX a DET member NOUN . PUNCT The words, one row each (CoNLL-U) # word lemma UPOS features head relation 1 The the DET Definite=Def PronType=Art 2 university det 2 university university NOUN Number=Sing 4 statutes nmod:poss 3 's 's PART _ 2 university case 4 statutes statute NOUN Number=Plur 5 say nsubj 5 say say VERB Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin root root 6 who who PRON PronType=Rel 10 member nsubj 7 can can AUX VerbForm=Fin 10 member aux 8 be be AUX VerbForm=Inf 10 member cop 9 a a DET Definite=Ind PronType=Art 10 member det 10 member member NOUN Number=Sing 5 say ccomp 11 . . PUNCT _ 5 say punct
# verb tense, mood who what, whom to whom where when other roles by
1 say speech: assert present the university's statutes vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent 2 is a can a member tree rules
Text: the school dictionary of Mova's schools (world/data/dictionary-schools/), written for Mova. Trees: Mova's own parse — the en model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.
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